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Groundwater Vulnerability Using DRASTIC model Applied to Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, IRAQ
Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-4745-2074
2017 (engelsk)Licentiatavhandling, med artikler (Annet vitenskapelig)
sted, utgiver, år, opplag, sider
Luleå tekniska universitet, 2017. , s. 142
Serie
Licentiate thesis / Luleå University of Technology, ISSN 1402-1757
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URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-61783ISBN: 978-91-7583-808-3 (tryckt)ISBN: 978-91-7583-809-0 (digital)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-61783DiVA, id: diva2:1070726
Presentation
2017-03-09, F1031, Luleå, 10:00
Veileder
Tilgjengelig fra: 2017-02-03 Laget: 2017-02-02 Sist oppdatert: 2022-10-27bibliografisk kontrollert
Delarbeid
1. Groundwater assessment of Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Kurdistan region, NE of Iraq using vulnerability mapping
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Groundwater assessment of Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Kurdistan region, NE of Iraq using vulnerability mapping
2016 (engelsk)Inngår i: Arabian Journal of Geosciences, ISSN 1866-7511, E-ISSN 1866-7538, Vol. 9, nr 3, artikkel-id 223Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Halabja Saidsadiq Basin is located in the northeastern part of Iraq covering an area of about 1278 km2 with a population of about 190,727. Groundwater is the principal source of water in this area. Agricultural practices within the basin are widespread and located close to groundwater wells. This poses imminent threat to these resources. DRASTIC model integrated with GIS tool has been used to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability of this area. In addition, theDRASTIC model was modified using nitrate concentrations and sensitivity analysis to modify the recommended weighting value to get accurate results. The modified rates were calculated using the relations between each parameterand the nitrate concentration in the groundwater based on the Wilcoxon rank-sum non-parametric statistical test. While, to calibrate all types of modifications, the Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied. The standard vulnerability map of the studied basin classified the basin into four zones ofvulnerability index including very low (34 %), low(13 %), moderate (48 %), and high (5 %) vulnerability index, while the combined modification classified the area into five classes: very low (7 %), low (35 %), moderate (19 %), high (35 %),and very high (4 %). The results demonstrate that both modified DRASTIC rate and weight were dramatically superior to the standard model; therefore, the most appropriate method to apply is the combination of modified rate-weight.

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urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-10023 (URN)10.1007/s12517-015-2264-y (DOI)000372169700057 ()2-s2.0-84961185452 (Scopus ID)8c691d44-a677-40b0-9925-ff41b413e909 (Lokal ID)8c691d44-a677-40b0-9925-ff41b413e909 (Arkivnummer)8c691d44-a677-40b0-9925-ff41b413e909 (OAI)
Merknad

Validerad; 2016; Nivå 2; 20160321 (nadhir)

Tilgjengelig fra: 2016-09-29 Laget: 2016-09-29 Sist oppdatert: 2023-09-05bibliografisk kontrollert
2. Effect of Agricultural activities on Groundwater Vulnerability: Case Study of Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Iraq
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Effect of Agricultural activities on Groundwater Vulnerability: Case Study of Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Iraq
2015 (engelsk)Inngår i: Journal of Environmental Hydrology, ISSN 1058-3912, E-ISSN 1996-7918, Vol. 23, nr 10Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Groundwater is one of the main sources of water in Halabja-Saidsadiq Basin of northeast Iraq. It covers an area of 1278 square kilometers with population of about 190,727.In this study, the standard DRASTIC method has been applied to generate a map of groundwater pollution vulnerability of the basin. In addition, two different scenes of landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) were used with the aid of ERDAS IMAGINE software and the GIS technique to prepare digital image classification of the study basin. Supervised classification for level I of USGS was conducted with band combination RGB/742 to prepare The Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) map. The LULC map illustrates that only five classes of land use can be identified these are: barren, agricultural, vegetation, urban and wet land or water body. The LULC map converted to LULC index map. This index map has an additional parameter added to the standard DRASTIC model to map the modified DRASTIC vulnerability in the study basin. Nitrate concentration analysis was selected and added as a pollution indicator to validate this modification. In this study, the nitrate concentration between two different seasons (dry and wet) was analyzed from (30) water wells. The standard vulnerability map of the studied basin classified the basin into four vulnerability index zones: very low (34%), low (13%), moderate (48%) and high (5%). While the combined modification classified the area into five classes: very low (1.17%), low (36.82%), moderate (17.57%), high (43.42%) and very high (1.02%). The results s that the modified DRASTIC model was dramatically superior to the standard model; therefore, the most appropriate method to apply is the combination of standard DRASTIC model with LULC index map. This conclusion is based on the results of nitrate content, as its concentration in the dry season is much lower than in the wet season.

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urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-10187 (URN)2-s2.0-84947093569 (Scopus ID)8f244a40-0699-4da5-889c-e174de13a631 (Lokal ID)8f244a40-0699-4da5-889c-e174de13a631 (Arkivnummer)8f244a40-0699-4da5-889c-e174de13a631 (OAI)
Merknad

Validerad; 2015; Nivå 1; 20151024 (nadhir)

Tilgjengelig fra: 2016-09-29 Laget: 2016-09-29 Sist oppdatert: 2023-10-06bibliografisk kontrollert
3. Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping Using Lineament Density on Standard DRASTIC Model: Case Study in Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Åpne denne publikasjonen i ny fane eller vindu >>Groundwater Vulnerability Mapping Using Lineament Density on Standard DRASTIC Model: Case Study in Halabja Saidsadiq Basin, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
2015 (engelsk)Inngår i: Engineering, ISSN 1947-3931, E-ISSN 1947-394X, Vol. 7, nr 10, s. 644-667Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert) Published
Abstract [en]

Groundwater is the most important source of water in the Halabja-Saidsadiq Basin. In this study, to generate a map of groundwater pollution vulnerability of the basin, the standard DRASTIC method has been applied. Due to the close relation between lineament density and groundwater flow and yield, the lineament density map was applied to the standard DRASTIC model in order to ensure accuracy towards the consideration of the effects of potential vulnerability to contamination. A lineament map is extracted from Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) satellite imagery using different techniques in remote sensing and GIS. The lineament density map illustrates that only six classes of lineament density can be identified ranged from (0 - 2.4). The lineament density map was rated and weighted and then converted to lineament index map. This index map is an additional parameter which was added to the standard DRASTIC model so as to map the modified DRASTIC vulnerability in HSB. The standard vulnerability map, classified the basin into four vulnerability index zones: very low (34%), low (13%), moderate (48%) and high (5%). While the modified model classified the area into four categories as well: very low (28.75%), low (14.31%), moderate (46.91%) and high (10.04%). The results demonstrate that there is no significant variation in the rate of vulnerability. Therefore, the nitrate concentration between two different seasons (dry and wet) was analyzed from (30) water wells, considerable variations in nitrate concentration from dry to wet seasons had been noted. Consequently, it confirmed that the HSB are capable to receive the contaminant because of suitability in terms of geological and hydrogeological conditions. Based on this verification, it could be claimed that the effect of lineament density is weak on the vulnerability system in HSB, because of its low density value.

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urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-4812 (URN)10.4236/eng.2015.710057 (DOI)2cdbee50-afcb-453b-a770-b51f45e1189c (Lokal ID)2cdbee50-afcb-453b-a770-b51f45e1189c (Arkivnummer)2cdbee50-afcb-453b-a770-b51f45e1189c (OAI)
Merknad
Validerad; 2015; Nivå 1; 20151030 (nadhir)Tilgjengelig fra: 2016-09-29 Laget: 2016-09-29 Sist oppdatert: 2023-09-06bibliografisk kontrollert

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