An analysis of work processes and lighting conditions in Swedish foundries with a recommendation for improving the lighting for workers in manual casting is presented. Various operations in mold production, smelting, casting, and fettling are described and their visual demands are considered. Lighting conditions in four different foundries are analyzed and problems are identified. Tests of lighting conditions under which manual casting is performed are described. It is recommended that illumination for manual casting be raised from 300 to 800 lux to give better contrast (light source: 400-W mercury deluxe lamp). The luminaires should be floodlights with an asymmetric light distribution, with reflectors of anodized pure aluminum.