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An Analysis of Frequency Variations and its Implications on Connected Equipment for a Nanogrid during Islanded Operation
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1894-6980
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4004-0352
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4074-9529
2018 (English)In: Energies, E-ISSN 1996-1073, article id en11092456Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Frequency, voltage and reliability data have been collected in a nanogrid for 48 weeks during islanded operation. Frequency values from the 48 week measurements were analyzed and compared to relevant limits. During 19.5% of the 48 weeks, the nanogrid had curtailed the production due to insufficient consumption in islanded operation. The curtailment of production was also the main cause of the frequency variations above the limits. When the microgrid operated on stored battery power, the frequency variations were less than in the Swedish national grid. 39.4% of all the interruptions that occurred in the nanogrid are also indirectly caused by the curtailment of solar production. Possible solutions for mitigating the frequency variations and lowering the number of interruptions are also discussed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2018. article id en11092456
Keywords [en]
frequency variations, islanded operation, nanogrids, power quality, power system reliability
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71121DOI: 10.3390/en11092456ISI: 000446604500277Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85053911592OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-71121DiVA, id: diva2:1253661
Note

Validerad;2018;Nivå 2;2018-10-05 (svasva)

Available from: 2018-10-05 Created: 2018-10-05 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Power quality analysis and techno-economic modeling for microgrids
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Power quality analysis and techno-economic modeling for microgrids
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The work done in this thesis considers microgrids from two different aspects. Power quality and techno-economics of microgrids. Detailed power quality measurements have been made at a single house hydrogen-solar microgrid that consists of state-of-the-art energy efficiency technology, energy production and energy storage. The microgrid can both connect to the grid and operate in islanded operation. The power quality is quantified from these measurements where several power quality parameters during islanded operation go beyond the limits set by standards such as EN 50160 and IEEE 519-2014. The effect on connected equipment from both frequency variations and voltage quality is also discussed. Four new performance indexes are presented in the thesis that are based on apparent impedances. The first with the name PHIPI quantifies how much the harmonic voltage magnitude changes with an increase in harmonic current magnitude on the same phase. The second with the name SHIPI quantifies how much the harmonic voltage magnitude changes with an increase in harmonic current magnitude on another phase. The third with the name AHSI uses the harmonic voltage and current magnitudes of all phases to create a single performance parameter expressed as an apparent impedance for the system. The fourth with the name ARMSSI quantifies the phase RMS voltage drop for a certain phase RMS current rise in terms of an apparent impedance. The thesis also shows techno-economic modeling with times series energy flow to study the investment risks related to consumption changes in a standalone microgrid. The results show that consumption changes are an important parameter when designing a standalone microgrid and that the risk can be mitigated with changes to the system design, but at a larger system cost. The projected cost reduction until the year 2050 for standalone hydrogen based microgrids and some risk aspects with hydrogen based microgrids are also discussed in the thesis. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2021
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
Power Quality, Economy, Microgrids
National Category
Energy Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87616 (URN)978-91-7790-966-8 (ISBN)978-91-7790-967-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-12-13, Hörsal A and online, Skellefteå, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-10-25 Created: 2021-10-25 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved

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Nömm, JakobRönnberg, SarahBollen, Math

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