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MoS2 Nanosheets Uniformly Anchored on NiMoO4 Nanorods, a Highly Active Hierarchical Nanostructure Catalyst for Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Pseudo-Capacitors
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Material Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6039-1865
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Material Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3956-444x
Istituto di Microelettronica e Microsistemi-CNR (CNR, IMM), Via Piero Gobetti 101, Bologna, 40129 Italy; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Bologna, Via Berti Pichat 6/2, Bologna, 40129 Italy.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4598-9556
Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SS 14 Km 163,5, Trieste, 34149 Italy.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9525-3980
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2023 (English)In: Advanced sustainable systems, E-ISSN 2366-7486, Vol. 7, no 2, article id 2200410Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Hierarchical nanostructures have attracted considerable research attention due to their applications in the catalysis field. Herein, we design a versatile hierarchical nanostructure composed of NiMoO4 nanorods surrounded by active MoS2 nanosheets on an interconnected nickel foam substrate. The as-prepared nanostructure exhibits excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance, producing a current density of 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 90 mV, in comparison with 220 mV necessary to reach a similar current density for NiMoO4. This behavior originates from the structural/morphological properties of the MoS2 nanosheets, which present numerous surface-active sites and allow good contact with the electrolyte. Besides, the structures can effectively store charges, due to their unique branched network providing accessible active surface area, which facilitates intermediates adsorptions. Particularly, NiMoO4/MoS2 shows a charge capacity of 358 mAhg−1 at a current of 0.5 A g−1 (230 mAhg−1 for NiMoO4), thus suggesting promising applications for charge-storing devices.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2023. Vol. 7, no 2, article id 2200410
Keywords [en]
electrocatalysts, hierarchical nanostructures, hydrous catalysts, magnetron sputtering, oxygen evolution reaction, pseudo capacitors, water splitting
National Category
Energy Engineering Materials Chemistry
Research subject
Experimental Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-88421DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202200410ISI: 000894620200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85144090100OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-88421DiVA, id: diva2:1620304
Funder
Knut and Alice Wallenberg FoundationEU, Horizon 2020, 654002Luleå University of TechnologyThe Kempe Foundations
Note

Validerad;2023;Nivå 2;2023-03-03 (hanlid);

Funder: European Commission Graphene Flagship Core3 (881603); EUROFEL-ROADMAP ESFRI;

This article has previously appeared as a manuscript in a thesis.

Available from: 2021-12-15 Created: 2021-12-15 Last updated: 2024-03-27Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Engineering inorganic nanostructured composites for boosting H2 and O2 evolution reactions
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Engineering inorganic nanostructured composites for boosting H2 and O2 evolution reactions
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Hydrogen is considered a promising energy source with zero emission of CO2; it can provide higher energy density compared to other sources of energy. The amount at which H2 is produced, and the method of production need further improvement for the advancement of hydrogen energy technologies. Water electrolysis using renewable energy sources such as electrical, solar, and wind energy is one of the alternative technologies that can produce pure H2. However, water electrolysis itself is not an easy process, it requires a highly active catalyst capable of converting water into hydrogen, and oxygen.

This Ph.D. dissertation mainly focuses on developing efficient, robust, and low-cost catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The work describes different strategies for improving the performance of the catalyst, such as creating nanocomposite, Nobel metal decoration, core-shell structures, hierarchical nanostructure, and cocatalyst and protective layers, which are vital for improving the efficiency of the catalyst. Consequently :

Nanocomposites composed of Ag2S nanoparticle, MoS2, and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) flake, with a 0D/2D/2D interface were synthesized. Ag2S nanoparticles were homogeneously distributed and embedded in a layer of semi-crystalline MoS2 nanosheets. The ternary catalyst results in a superior performance due to the intimate contact created by the 2D-2D interface (MoS2/RGO) and due to the uniformly grown Ag2S nanoparticles, which provides the ease of hydrogen adsorption by modulating the electronic properties, and exposure of highly rich active sites

Nobel metal decorated (Ag-decorated vertically aligned MoS2 nanoflakes) were developed and investigated for OER and ORR. Results of this work revealed that, due to the presence of silver, the catalyst shows more than 1.5 times an increase in the roughness-normalized rate of OER. Based on the rate constant values obtained during the ORR test, Ag-MoS2 proceeds through a mixed 4 electron and a 2 + 2 serial route reduction mechanism, suggesting that the presence of silver decreases the electron transfer number and increases the peroxide yield. 

A core-shell structure of hydrous NiMoO4 micro rods conformally covered by Co3O4 nanoparticles was developed and employed as an OER catalyst, showing a remarkable catalytic activity towards OER with a record low overpotential of 120 mV at 10 mA/cm2. Here, the strong interactions between core (hydrated NiMoO4) and shell (Co3O4) help to tune the electronic properties by modifying the active sites densities of the surface.

A hierarchical nanostructure composed of NiMoO4 nanorods and MoS2 nanosheets was synthesized on interconnected nickel foam substrates. The as-prepared hierarchical structure exhibits excellent OER performance due to its numerous exposed active sites for adsorbing oxygen intermediates which are beneficial for promoting the enhancement of the OER catalytic performance

Cu2O photocathode protected by a very thin layer of TiO2 and an amorphous Vox were synthesized and used for HER, with aim of improving the photostability of Cu2O. Photooxidation of Cu2O nanowires are minimized by growing TiO2 protective layer and an amorphous VOx cocatalyst. After optimization of the overlayer and the cocatalyst, the photoelectrode exhibits a stable photocurrent density for an extended illumination time. 

Besides, advanced characterization tools were used for tracking ORR reaction intermediates and OER active sites. RRDE, Operando Raman, and synchrotron-based photoemission spectroscopy analysis were utilized together with Post OER characterization tools to reveal the reason behind the higher catalytic activity of the catalyst. 

In summary, the presented outcomes can significantly contribute to the fundamental insight towards improving the efficiency of HER, OER, and ORR catalyst, by offering a clear and in-depth understanding of the preparation and characterization of cheap and efficient catalysts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2022
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
Hydrogen evolution(HER), Oxygen evolution reaction (OER), Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), Water splitting, Electrocatalyst, Atomic layer deposition, Core-shell structure
National Category
Materials Chemistry Composite Science and Engineering
Research subject
Experimental Physics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-88432 (URN)978-91-8048-007-9 (ISBN)978-91-8048-008-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-04-05, E632, Laboratorievägen 14, Luleå, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2022-01-17 Created: 2022-01-14 Last updated: 2022-03-02Bibliographically approved

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