In Sweden, the education sector and the healthcare sector have historically been, and still are, to a large extent state run, with both being publicly funded and delivered: typical in a social democratic system. However, various reforms have led to private actors entering the arena as additional organisations that employ welfare sector professionals. In this chapter, we discuss the learning conditions of welfare sector professionals in relation to the various types of employers and employment settings that currently exist, both public and private. We use two different cases: first, the education sector, where we have seen the introduction and expansion of private employers for teachers, meaning teachers can be employed either by a private or public employer. Second, we examine the case of nurses working in the healthcare sector, which has seen the introduction and expansion of temporary agency staffing, meaning that nurses with different employers work side by side in the very same workplace. Based on a compilation of our own previous empirical research, we discuss ways in which the privatisation reforms amplify differentiation within professions, with a specific focus on conditions for learning.