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Binder jetting 3D printing of green TiC-FeCr based cermets- Effect of sintering temperature and systematic comparison study with Laser powder bed fusion fabricated parts
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Material Science. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5084-6336
Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, Cracow, 31-155, Poland; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Applied Informatics, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155, Cracow, Poland.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3916-4585
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia.
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate Tee 5, Tallinn, 19086, Estonia.
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2025 (English)In: Materials Today Advances, E-ISSN 2590-0498, Vol. 25, article id 100562Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The advancement of modern 3D printing technologies has opened the possibilities to fabricate different spectrums of materials using these technologies. Binder jetting 3D printing is a shaping-debinding-sintering-based Additive manufacturing process that selectively fabricates the parts in a layer-by-layer fashion using the local imprinting of polymeric binder. This study aims to develop cobalt and nickel-free TiC-FeCr-based cermets that will contribute to the development of cermets towards green and cost-efficient materials. An effective approach to increase the densities of printed parts was to replace unimodal powder feedstocks with bimodal powders. Therefore, this work employed bimodal spherical powder (TiC and 430L ferritic stainless steel) to promote better densification of the cermet parts. Liquid phase vacuum sintering has been performed with different sintering temperatures to consolidate the cermet parts. Detailed analyses of the microstructure evolution, phase formation, and mechanical properties (hardness and fracture toughness) have been conducted. Further, thermodynamic simulations were conducted to calculate the phase diagram of the proposed cermet using the Thermo-Calc program. Microstructural analysis of consolidated cermets reveals a direct correlation between sintering temperature and carbide grain size, affecting their mechanical and physical properties. The best hardness and fracture toughness properties of TiC-FeCr-based cermets are 1102 ± 13 HV30 and 12.74 ± 1.38 MPa m1/2 respectively, were obtained after sintering at 1450 °C. Moreover, a systematic comparison is conducted with the same cermet composition fabricated with different additive manufacturing processes based on Laser powder bed fusion and Binder jetting 3D printing technology, demonstrating the potential and limitations of both technologies to fabricate brittle materials such as cermets.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier Ltd , 2025. Vol. 25, article id 100562
Keywords [en]
TiC-Fe-based cermets, Binder jetting, Liquid phase sintering, Microstructure, Laser powder bed fusion
National Category
Metallurgy and Metallic Materials
Research subject
Engineering Materials
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-111526DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2025.100562Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85216128320OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-111526DiVA, id: diva2:1935293
Note

Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-02-06 (u8);

Funder: Estonian Research Council (PRG1145);

Full text license: CC BY 4.0

Available from: 2025-02-06 Created: 2025-02-06 Last updated: 2025-02-06Bibliographically approved

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Maurya, Himanshu SinghAkhtar, Farid

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