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Effects of load variation on a Kaplan turbine runner
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Fluid and Experimental Mechanics.
Vattenfall Research and Development, Älvkarleby, 814 70, Sweden.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Fluid and Experimental Mechanics. Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Water Power Laboratory, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, 7491, Norway.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7599-0895
Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Tehran, 14155-6448, Tehran, Iran.
2016 (English)In: The International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems, E-ISSN 1882-9554, Vol. 9, no 2, p. 182-193Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Introduction of intermittent electricity production systems like wind and solar power to electricity market together with the deregulation of electricity markets resulted in numerous start/stops, load variations and off-design operation of water turbines. Hydraulic turbines suffer from the varying loads exerted on their stationary and rotating parts during load variations they are not designed for such operating conditions. Investigations on part load operation of single regulated turbines, i.e., Francis and propeller, proved the formation of a rotating vortex rope (RVR) in the draft tube. The RVR induces pressure pulsations in the axial and rotating direction called plunging and rotating modes, respectively. This results in oscillating forces with two different frequencies on the runner blades, bearings and other rotating parts of the turbine. This study investigates the effect of transient operations on the pressure fluctuations exerted on the runner and mechanism of the RVR formation/mitigation. Draft tube and runner blades of the Porjus U9 model, a Kaplan turbine, were equipped with pressure sensors for this purpose. The model was run in off-cam mode during different load variations. The results showed that the transients between the best efficiency point and the high load occurs in a smooth way. However, during transitions to the part load a RVR forms in the draft tube which induces high level of fluctuations with two frequencies on the runner; plunging and rotating mode. Formation of the RVR during the load rejections coincides with sudden pressure change on the runner while its mitigation occurs in a smooth way.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 9, no 2, p. 182-193
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Research subject
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-6114DOI: 10.5293/IJFMS.2016.9.2.182Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84989184490Local ID: 4508eea2-7f64-4f96-8605-24d08df390e8OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-6114DiVA, id: diva2:978991
Note

Validerad; 2016; Nivå 1; 2016-10-31 (andbra)

Available from: 2016-09-29 Created: 2016-09-29 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved

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Amiri, KavehMulu, BerhanuCervantes, Michel

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