Change search

Cite
Citation style
• apa
• harvard1
• ieee
• modern-language-association-8th-edition
• vancouver
• Other style
More styles
Language
• de-DE
• en-GB
• en-US
• fi-FI
• nn-NO
• nn-NB
• sv-SE
• Other locale
More languages
Output format
• html
• text
• asciidoc
• rtf
Laminar similarities between accelerating and decelerating turbulent flows
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Fluid and Experimental Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3349-601x
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Fluid and Experimental Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7599-0895
2018 (English)In: International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, ISSN 0142-727X, E-ISSN 1879-2278, Vol. 71, p. 13-26Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

An experimental study of a pipe flow ramping monotonically between two turbulent states has been undertaken. Ensemble-averaged mean and turbulent flow quantities obtained from two-component particle image velocimetry and hot-film anemometry measurements have been presented. It is shown that the initial developments of the mean and turbulence quantities in linearly as well as impulsively accelerating and decelerating flows are similar. Specifically, the mean perturbation velocity (defined as the surplus/deficit from the initial value) can be described using self-similar expressions. The duration of this initial stage, when normalized appropriately, is shown to be approximately invariant of the type of transient imposed on the bulk flow. Data from studies of linearly accelerating and decelerating flows as well as impulsively accelerating and decelerating flows have been used to validate the results, covering four orders of magnitude of the dimensionless parameter $\delta$. The highest initial Reynolds number (31,000) is, however, relatively low thus requiring further studies at high Reynolds numbers to assure the universality of the results. We have also shown that the time-development of the mean and turbulent quantities between an accelerating and a decelerating flow looses their similarity as the transient proceeds beyond the initial stage. The departure was explained by the time-evolvement of the production of turbulence kinetic energy, which exhibit differences between the two types of transients.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2018. Vol. 71, p. 13-26
National Category
Fluid Mechanics and Acoustics
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
ISI: 000435428900002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85044133898OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-67867DiVA, id: diva2:1188185
Note

Available from: 2018-03-06 Created: 2018-03-06 Last updated: 2018-07-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Studies of Transient and Pulsating flows with application to Hydropower
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Studies of Transient and Pulsating flows with application to Hydropower
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Studier av transient och pulserande strömning med applikation inom vattenkraft
Abstract [en]

The rotational motion of a hydraulic turbine runner makes pulsating flows ubiquitous in different locations of the machine. The cyclic loading thus induced may generate large pressure forces acting periodically on both stationary and rotating parts. In addition to the presence of pulsating flows in a turbine runner, transient flows are encountered at an increasingly higher rate due to the continual installation of intermittent sources of renewable energy, such as wind and solar power. To mitigate the imbalance that these unpredictable sources induce on the frequency of the electrical grid, hydropower turbines are enforced to regulate their power production, and consequently flow rate, thus leaving them to operate under transient conditions. In terms of wear and fatigue, a startup or shutdown of a hydraulic turbine corresponds to 10-20 hours of steady state operation at the design point. Transient operation of a hydraulic machine can, however, also be used in favour for measuring the discharge through the turbine using the pressure-time method. A better understanding of pulsating and transient flows thus has the potential both to mitigate problems associated with them, and to increase the accuracy with which the turbine flow rate can be measured; two great merits for the hydropower community. In light of this observation, the following work constitutes a fundamental investigation of transient and pulsating flows performed in a straight pipe.Studies have been performed experimentally using particle image velocimetry, hot-film anemometry, laser Doppler velocimetry and pressure sensors.

A chief finding is that the time-development of the wall shear stress and near-wall turbulence fields exhibit significant similarity between transient and pulsating flows, despite the different conditions of the mean flow. Whereas the former is initiated from a statistically steady state, the latter is constantly subjected to a time-varying forcing. Both types of unsteady flows have previously been investigated in detail; however, any potential similarity between them has, largely, been unexplored. An important implication of this finding, then, is that knowledge acquired in one type of unsteady flow can be used, if not interchangeably, at least as a guidance for the expected behaviour in the other type of flow. An example is the development of unsteady turbulence models. Another important finding is that the frictional losses arising during the late stage of a pressure-time flow rate measurement can be accurately modelled using an analytical laminar formulation of the wall shear stress, despite the bulk of the flow being turbulent. The formulation of the wall shear stress has potential to be further improved by incorporating a damping-function.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2018
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
Turbulent flows, Pipe flow, Unsteadiness, Friction modeling
National Category
Fluid Mechanics and Acoustics
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-67865 (URN)978-91-7790-065-8 (ISBN)978-91-7790-066-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-04-20, E231, Luleå, 09:30 (English)
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-03-07 Created: 2018-03-06 Last updated: 2018-04-05Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records BETA

Sundström, JoelCervantes, Michel

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Sundström, JoelCervantes, Michel
By organisation
Fluid and Experimental Mechanics
In the same journal
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow
On the subject
Fluid Mechanics and Acoustics

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 104 hits

Cite
Citation style
• apa
• harvard1
• ieee
• modern-language-association-8th-edition
• vancouver
• Other style
More styles
Language
• de-DE
• en-GB
• en-US
• fi-FI
• nn-NO
• nn-NB
• sv-SE
• Other locale
More languages
Output format
• html
• text
• asciidoc
• rtf