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Bearing Life Prediction with Informed Hyperprior Distribution: A Bayesian Hierarchical and Machine Learning Approach
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics. SKF-LTU University Technology Centre.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8278-8601
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6289-4949
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics. NASA Ames Research Center, Intelligent Systems Division, Moffett Field, CA. USA.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0240-0943
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8471-4494
2021 (English)In: IEEE Access, E-ISSN 2169-3536, Vol. 9, p. 157002-157011Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM) is developed to predict bearing life using envelope acceleration data in combination with a degradation model and prior knowledge of the bearing rating life. The BHM enables the inference of individual bearings, groups of bearings, or bearings operating under certain conditions. The key benefit of the BHM approach is that the relationships between the bearing model parameters and their prior distributions can be expressed at different hierarchical levels. We begin our analysis using a bearing rating life calculation L10h and an estimate of its associated failure time distribution. Realistic variations to constrain our prior distribution of the failure time are then applied before measurements are available. When data become available, estimates more representative of our specific batch and operating conditions are inferred, both on the individual bearing level and the bearing group level. The proposed prognostics methodology can be used in situations with varying amounts of data. The presented BHM approach can also be used to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of bearings both in situations in which the bearing is considered to be in a healthy state and in situations after a defect has been detected.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, 2021. Vol. 9, p. 157002-157011
Keywords [en]
Bayesian hierarchical model, bearing life prediction, bearing life rating L10h, probability distribution, prognostics, remaining useful life
National Category
Probability Theory and Statistics
Research subject
Operation and Maintenance Engineering; Applied Mathematics; Centre - SKF-LTU University Technology Cooperation
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68340DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3130157ISI: 000724471400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85120049117OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-68340DiVA, id: diva2:1197617
Projects
SKF- UTC
Note

Validerad;2021;Nivå 2;2021-12-03 (johcin)

Available from: 2018-04-13 Created: 2018-04-13 Last updated: 2025-01-17Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Prognostics and Health Management of Engineering Systems for Operation and Maintenance Optimisation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Prognostics and Health Management of Engineering Systems for Operation and Maintenance Optimisation
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Prognostik ochtillståndskontroll av tekniska system för optimering av drift och underhåll
Abstract [en]

Prognostics and health management (PHM) is an engineering discipline that aims to maintain system behaviour and function and ensure mission success, safety and effectiveness. Prognostics is defined as the estimation of remaining useful life. It is the most critical part of this process and is a key feature of maintenance strategies since the estimation of the remaining useful life (RUL) is essential to avoiding unscheduled maintenance. Prognostics is relatively immature compared to diagnostics, and a challenging task facing the research community is to overcome some of the major barriers to the application of PHM technologies to real-world industrial systems. This thesis presents research into methods for addressing these challenges for industrial applications. The thesis work focuses on prognostic approaches for three different engineering systems with different characteristics in terms of the prognostics of operation and maintenance aspects. The aim of this thesis is to facilitate better operation and maintenance decision making. The main benefits of prognostics are in anticipating future failures to increase uptime, implementing dynamic maintenance planning toward decreasing total costs and decreasing energy consumption. Therefore, there is a need for methods that can be used in these cases to classify the health states and predict the remaining useful life of assets. The studied engineered systems in this thesis are railway tracks, batteries and rolling element bearings.

In a railway system, the track geometry has to be maintained to provide a safe and functional track. Therefore, track degradation of ballasted railway track systems has to be measured on a regular basis to determine when to maintain the track by tamping. Tamping aims to restore the geometry to its original state to ensure an efficient, comfortable and safe transportation system. To minimise the disruption introduced by tamping, this action has to be planned in advance. Track degradation forecasts derived from regression methods are used to predict when the standard deviation of a specific track section will exceed a predefined maintenance or safety limit. In this thesis, a particle-filter-based prognostic approach for railway track degradation for railway switches is proposed. The particle-filter-based prognostic will generate a probabilistic prediction result that can facilitate risk-based decision making.

Li-ion batteries are another important components in engineering system and battery life prediction matters. Li-ion batteries are commonly used in a wide range of consumer electronic devices, electric vehicles of all types, military electronics,  maritime applications, astronaut suits, and space systems. Many critical operations depend on such batteries as a reliable power source. It is therefore important for the user to get an accurate estimate of the battery end of discharge because an unforeseen discharge of a battery could have catastrophic consequences. To address this issue, a Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM)-based prognostics approach was applied to Li-ion batteries, where the goal was to analyse and predict the discharge behaviour of such batteries with variable load profiles and variable amounts of available discharge data. The BHM approach enables inferences for both individual batteries and groups of batteries. Estimates of the hierarchical model parameters and the individual battery parameters are presented, and dependencies on load cycles are inferred. The operational and reliability aspects, end of life (EoD) and end of life (EoL), are studied; it is shown that predictions of the EoD can be made accurately with a variable amount of battery data. Without access to measurements, e.g., predicting performance of a new battery, the predictions are based only on the prior distributions describing the similarity within a group of batteries and their dependency on the load cycle. A discharge cycle dependency is identified helping with estimation of battery reliability.

Batteries have become a very important engineering system, rotating machines have played an important role, possibly the most important role, in the field of engineering. They have been used to drive the industrialisation of the world.

For rotating machinery, rolling element bearings are a vital component and have several failure modes. Hence, there is  significant need to monitor the health of bearings and detect degraded  states and  upcoming  failures  as  early  as  possible  to avoid serious accidents and equipment failure. For  rolling element bearings, an investigation in using FEM models for estimating bearing forces from acceleration measurements was conducted. This study was performed at a paper mill where a bearing monitoring system was installed. The purpose of the study was to feed the bearing rating life L10 (a bearing life length calculation) with estimations of the dynamic bearing forces  to continuously update the L10 calculation by generating a dynamic L10. In a second study for bearing lifetime prediction, a Bayesian hierarchical modelling (BHM) approach , which includes different data sources, such as enveloped acceleration data, in combination with degradation models and prior distributions of other parameters, was developed, in which the bearing rating life calculation can be included. The proposed prognostics methodology can be used in cases where there is less  or noisy data. The above approach can even be used in cases whereby there is no prior knowledge of the system or little measurement data on the conditions. The presented BHM approach can also be used to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of bearings both in situations in which the bearing is considered to be in a healthy state and in situations after a defect has been detected.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2018
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
Prognostics and Health Management (PHM), Diagnostics, Prognostics, Bayesian, Hierarchical, L10, Prediction, Bearing, Li-ion battery, RUL, Particle filter, Model-based, Data-driven, Algorithms, Railway track geometry
National Category
Engineering and Technology Other Civil Engineering
Research subject
Operation and Maintenance Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-68345 (URN)978-91-7790-106-8 (ISBN)978-91-7790-107-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-05-31, C305, Luleå, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-04-16 Created: 2018-04-13 Last updated: 2024-06-10Bibliographically approved

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Mishra, MadhavMartinsson, JesperGoebel, KaiRantatalo, Matti

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