In situ chemical stabilization of trace element-contaminated soil: Field demonstrations and barriers to transition from laboratory to the field : A reviewShow others and affiliations
2019 (English)In: Applied Geochemistry, ISSN 0883-2927, E-ISSN 1872-9134, Vol. 100, p. 335-351Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The chemical stabilization, or immobilization, of trace elements (metals and metalloids; TE) in contaminated soil has been studied for decades. A vast number of scientific publications are available on the method performance in laboratory settings, reporting that the application of various soil amendments to contaminated soil reduces TE mobility, bioavailability and toxicity. The most commonly used soil amendments include organic matter, iron oxides, phosphates, ashes, and lately biochar, alone or in combination with each other and/or lime. Most of the implemented field studies show a certain degree of improvement in soil and/or vegetation status following amendment. Regardless the positive performance of the technique in the laboratory, field validations and demonstrations remain scarce. The establishment of a field experiment often involves permits from authorities and agreements with site owners, both of which are considerably more time-consuming than laboratory tests. Due to conservative institutional structures, public authorities have been slow to adopt alternative remediation technologies, especially when the total TE concentration in soil remains the same and all of the associated risks are not yet convincingly described. For this reason, researchers should also focus on enhancing public knowledge of alternative remediation techniques so that future projects which aim to demonstrate the effectiveness of in situ immobilization techniques under natural conditions will be supported.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2019. Vol. 100, p. 335-351
Keywords [en]
Soil remediation, Immobilization, Soil amendments, Leaching, Bioavailability
National Category
Other Environmental Engineering Economics
Research subject
Waste Science and Technology; Economics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-72432DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2018.12.003ISI: 000454459100032Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85058489499OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-72432DiVA, id: diva2:1274918
Note
Validerad;2019;Nivå 2;2019-01-04 (svasva)
2019-01-032019-01-032020-11-27Bibliographically approved