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Interferences in AC-DC LED Drivers Exposed to Voltage Disturbances in the Frequency Range 2 kHz - 150 kHz
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1819-8911
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4004-0352
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4074-9529
2019 (English)In: IEEE transactions on power electronics, ISSN 0885-8993, E-ISSN 1941-0107, Vol. 34, no 11, p. 11171-11181Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

LED lamps are both potential victims and sources of electromagnetic disturbances in the frequency range between 2 kHz and 150 kHz (“supraharmonics”). Immunity tests for this frequency range are important due to possible performance degradation of light intensity with LED lamps. In this paper, the impact of supraharmonics (SHs) on light intensity from LED lamps has been analyzed. LED lamps have been exposed to supraharmonic test profiles based on IEC 61000-4-19. Three phenomena that impact light intensity metrics have been observed and explained by models: (1) earlier conduction/later blocking caused by supraharmonic voltage, (2) intermittent conduction depending on the supraharmonic impedance of the LED driver and (3) reverse-recovery current of the diodes at higher frequency. It is observed that impact on the light intensity metrics shows up around the beginning and end of the conduction period. The results reveal that the profile of the supraharmonic voltage could cause deviations in the modulation depth and the average light intensity. The immunity of LED lamps against SHs shall be further studied and discussed by research groups and standard committees.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2019. Vol. 34, no 11, p. 11171-11181
Keywords [en]
AC-DC power converters, Electromagnetic compatibility, immunity testing, LED lamps, Lighting, Power-system harmonics, Power quality, Supraharmonics, Switching converters
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-73679DOI: 10.1109/TPEL.2019.2899176ISI: 000485746400069Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85072195162OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-73679DiVA, id: diva2:1305302
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency
Note

Validerad;2019;Nivå 2;2019-09-23 (johcin)

Available from: 2019-04-16 Created: 2019-04-16 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Modelling and Interference Analysis of AC-DC Converters for Immunity to Voltage Disturbances up to 150 kHz
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Modelling and Interference Analysis of AC-DC Converters for Immunity to Voltage Disturbances up to 150 kHz
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The function of electrical and electronic equipment is challenged by the high frequency emission originated from the more use of switching-based power electronic equipment and Power line communication (PLC) signaling. Investigations have shown that interferences occur in the frequency range between 2 kHz and 150 kHz, e.g., error in smart meter reading, audible noises, performance degradation and even malfunction of the equipment. This study aims to model and analyze the interference mechanism and gain the knowledge of equipment behavior/immunity under voltage disturbance from 2 kHz up to 150 kHz, so called “Supraharmonics.”

Experimental studies were conducted on different type of AC-DC converters, LED drivers, computer power supplies, Active Power Factor Correction (APFC) circuits (pre-regulator), single stage and double stage converters such as flyback and buck topologies. AC-DC converters were exposed to Supraharmonics (SHs) according to IEC 61000-4-19. Interferences, that occur in the input voltage/current and dc-link, were observed and analyzed through a mathematical model of converter circuit. 

When the AC-DC converter is exposed to SHs, three phenomena occur that 1) the conduction and blocking time of the diodes, in the bridge rectifier circuit, are deviated, 2) intermittent conduction takes places in the beginning and of diodes conduction, 3) reverse-recovery of the diodes happen that impact the dc-link voltage of the converter. Those behaviors are verified in a functional model and validated through the experiments. It is also shown that dc-link voltage metrics, peak-to-peak and average value, are impacted when SHs are present at the terminal of the converter. Further, it is revealed that if the SHs are nonsynchronized to the power system frequency, the converter due to uneven deformation of the diode conduction /blocking time generates interharmonic currents. The generated interharmonic frequency can be precisely determined by using frequency modulation equation. Result shows that generated interharmonic magnitudes are negligible if the applied SH frequency is above 16 kHz. 

In order to quantify the impact of SHs on dc-link capacitor, an immunity model that links the intermittent conduction and the dc-link capacitor current is established, analytically. By this means, it is ensured to avoid the degradation of the dc-link capacitor’s lifetime by defining the SHs voltage limits.

The analysis and modelling studies proves that SHs at the AC-DC converter terminal can cause deviations in the function of equipment both in short term and long term., e.g., increased light intensity in LED drivers, reduced peak-to-peak voltage in dc-link, interharmonic injection and reduced estimated lifetime of the dc-link capacitor. Those impacts originates from the reaction of the diodes and non-linear circuit configuration. Functional models presented in this study are able to express the reasoning and occurrence of the impacts. Established immunity model analytically gives guidance on how immune converters can be achieved in the design stage of power electronic circuits. This study provides deep insight on how AC-DC converters behaves under SH emission. Standard committees and converter manufacturer, to achieve immune and reliable power system and equipment for the future’s systems, can use this knowledge. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2021. p. 100
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
AC-DC power converters, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), high frequency disturbances, supraharmonics, switching converters, interharmonics, conducted disturbances
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83485 (URN)978-91-7790-799-2 (ISBN)978-91-7790-800-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-06-02, Hörsal A, Skellefteå and zoom, Skellefteå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-04-06 Created: 2021-04-06 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved

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Sakar, SelcukRönnberg, SarahBollen, Math

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