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How much does the “same-gender effect” matter in VCs' assessments of entrepreneurs?
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Business Administration and Industrial Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8816-4629
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Business Administration and Industrial Engineering. CIEL - Centre for Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Learning Research, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3377-6177
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Business Administration and Industrial Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0290-7522
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Business Administration and Industrial Engineering. University of St. Gallen, Institute of Technology Management, St. Gallen, Switzerland.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8770-8874
2019 (English)In: Journal of Business Venturing Insights, ISSN 2352-6734, Vol. 12, article id e00133Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Our study uses cognitive mapping techniques to take into account how the same/opposite gender influences the cognitive evaluations of venture capitalists (VCs). Contrary to what has often been discussed in previous entrepreneurship literature, our results report women VCs evaluate women entrepreneurs more critically, and men VCs evaluate men entrepreneurs more critically. However, overall, the VCs' vaguer processing and lower rating of women's venturing compared to men's indicate a general structure of subordinating women's venturing compared to men's venturing. Ultimately, this contributes with an alternative view to explain what we see on the VC scene: women entrepreneurs are more likely to be rejected. We discuss implications of these results as well as implications for future study.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier, 2019. Vol. 12, article id e00133
National Category
Other Engineering and Technologies
Research subject
Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75262DOI: 10.1016/j.jbvi.2019.e00133Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85067863472OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-75262DiVA, id: diva2:1336070
Note

Validerad;2019;Nivå 1;2019-07-09 (johcin)

Available from: 2019-07-09 Created: 2019-07-09 Last updated: 2025-02-10Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Under the surface: Revealing how gender imbalance is created in governmental venture capitalists’ work processes
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Under the surface: Revealing how gender imbalance is created in governmental venture capitalists’ work processes
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Like other developed countries, Sweden has experienced gender ratio stagnation in entrepreneurship, where women entrepreneurs are underrepresented. According to a large body of literature, the ability to engage in entrepreneurial endeavors depends on entrepreneurs’ access to financial resources. However, research repeatedly shows that women often do not have the same access to funding as men and that male entrepreneurs are overrepresented in the financial support system for new ventures. In contrast with traditional lenders and investors (banks, venture capitalists, business angels, etc.), governmental venture capitalists (GVCs) have to adhere to national and EU regulations; thus, they must comply with gender equality requirements. However, national reports suggest that women and men entrepreneurs do not have the same access to governmental venture capital. Accordingly, to understand this imbalance in governmental finance distribution, the overall purpose of this thesis is to explore Swedish GVCs’ gender constructions in their external and internal communication, as well as in their cognition.

To understand how gender differences may occur in GVCs’ social constructions, I draw upon gender role congruity theory, which provides insights into perceptions and beliefs about women’s and men’s expected roles in society. Accordingly, to explore GVCs social construction at the three levels (external and internal communication, and cognition) I employ a mixed-method approach. By doing so I use a variety of data and research analyses to provide both depth and width on the issue at hand.

The empirical findings of the thesis reveal constant duality and dichotomies, and the construction of two distinct personas; they provide insights into the way the symbolism of entrepreneurship as a masculine endeavor is performed within GVCs’ work processes. The overall conclusion is that although GVCs are expected to be gender neutral in their work processes, an exploration of gender constructions in external and internal communication as well as cognitions confirms the existence of gender biases regarding both women and men entrepreneurs that undermine women and favor men. Considering the overall gender-neutral role GVCs are expected to play in providing gender equality in access of governmental venture capital, the thesis highlights the unconsciousness of gender bias as well as the difficulties of executing gender neutrality in practice.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2018
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
National Category
Business Administration Other Engineering and Technologies
Research subject
Entrepreneurship and Innovation
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-71069 (URN)978-91-7790-218-8 (ISBN)978-91-7790-219-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-11-09, A109, Luleå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Vinnova
Available from: 2018-10-03 Created: 2018-10-02 Last updated: 2025-02-10Bibliographically approved

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Voitkane, AijaJohansson, JeanethMalmström, MalinWincent, Joakim

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