Hip pain is a common condition in primary health care and can present a diagnostic dilemma for clinicians. The differential diagnosis of hip pain is broad and several sources can generate pain. The purpose of this narrative literature wasto summarize the differential diagnosisof gluteal and lateral hip pain. Further also present the most common clinical tests used and their diagnostic accuracy for each described diagnosis.History and physical examination are crucial in the assessment of any patient complaint. Most physical examination tests for hip pain are typically nonspecific due to the complexity in the anatomy of the hip and pelvis,and the overlapping organ systems that are included in the differential diagnosis of hip pain.There are several differential diagnosesthat can mask/mimichip pain. A battery of test should be used and always bear in mind myofascial pain and peripheral neuropathies.