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Assessment of the LeadCare® Plus for Use on Scandinavian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos)
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway.
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway.
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway.
Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, Norway.
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2019 (English)In: Frontiers in Veterinary Science, E-ISSN 2297-1769, Vol. 6, article id 285Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Lead (Pb) exposure is associated with adverse health effects in both humans and wildlife. Blood lead levels (BLL) of sentinel wildlife species can be used to monitor environmental lead exposure and ecosystem health. BLL analyzers, such as the LeadCare (R), are validated for use in humans, assessed for use in some avian species and cattle, and are increasingly being used on wildlife to monitor lead exposure. The LeadCare (R) analyzers use a technique called anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). Species-specific conversion equations have been proposed to approximate the levels found with gold standard measuring methods such as inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) because the ASV method has been shown to underestimate BLL in some species. In this study we assessed the LeadCare (R) Plus (LCP) for use on Scandinavian brown bears (Ursus arctos). LCP measurements were correlated with ICP-MS with a Bland-Altman analyzed bias of 16.3-22.5%, showing a consistent overestimation of BLL analyzed with LCP. Based on this analysis we provide conversion equations for calculating ICP-MS BLL based on the LCP results in Scandinavian brown bears. Our study shows that the LeadCare (R) Plus can be used for monitoring of lead exposure by approximating gold standard levels using conversion equations. This enables comparison with other gold standard measured BLL within the observed range of this study (38.20-174.00 mu g/L). Our study also found that Scandinavian brown bears are highly exposed to environmental lead.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers Media S.A., 2019. Vol. 6, article id 285
Keywords [en]
blood lead, lead exposure, Ursus, anodic stripping voltammetry, Pb
National Category
Geochemistry
Research subject
Applied Geochemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76268DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00285ISI: 000482984800001PubMedID: 31552279Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85072725355OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-76268DiVA, id: diva2:1358430
Note

Validerad;2019;Nivå 2;2019-10-07 (johcin)

Available from: 2019-10-07 Created: 2019-10-07 Last updated: 2021-12-13Bibliographically approved

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Rodushkin, Ilia

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