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Kartering av krympsprickor i sprutbetong: i formar och på bergväggar i LKAB:s gruva i Kiruna
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
2019 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 80 credits / 120 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Plotting of shotcrete cracks caused by shrinkage : in molds and within walls in LKAB's mine in Kiruna (English)
Abstract [sv]

Sammanfattning

Detta examensarbete genomfördes under våren 2019 vid Bergsskolan Filipstad i samarbete med LKAB Berg & Betong i Kiruna.

 

Vid alla typer av arbete i berg krävs det att berget förstärks med tanke på säkerheten för personer/personal. Gruvdriften inom LKAB pågår dygnet runt och har en ständig framdrift för att komma djupare ner i berget för att bryta järnmalm. Bergets egenskaper avseende hållfasthet försämras när material bryts ut, därför måste berget förstärkas med hjälp av sprutbetong.

 

Syftet med denna rapport var att undersöka om det fanns krympsprickor i förstärkningsbetongen som LKAB Berg och Betong använder sig av i gruvan.

Krympsprickor i betongen bildas under tiden som betongen härdar, under den tid som betongen brinner och får sina hållfasthetsegenskaper. Betongens blandning har stor inverkan på sprickmängd och dess storlek. En bra blandad betong och rätt mängd armering minimerar sprickstorleken.

 

Undersökningar gjordes i bergrum och prover i stålformar som konstruerades för att kunna se som betongen beter sig annorlunda under härdning i formarna jämfört med betongen som sitter på väggarna i gruvan. Resultaten som kom fram i denna rapport visar att betongen som används har väldigt goda egenskaper som drag- och tryckhållfasthet, vilket ger betongen minimalt med krympsprickor. Endas en spricka hittades i betongen i en av de formar som gjordes på plats i gruvan. Inga sprickor hittades i betongen i bergrummen som beror på krympning, utan alla sprickor uppkom genom seismik.

Abstract [en]

Abstract

 

This master’s thesis was conducted during the spring of 2019 at Bergsskolan, Filipstad in conjunction with LKAB Berg & Betong, Kiruna.

 

All types of rock constructions and mining facilities require reinforcements by rock bolts and concrete to keep the personnel safe. The mining for iron ore is a 24 hour a day activity.The strength of the rock is deteriorated in both tensile and compressive strength.

When the wall rock is deteriorated shotcrete is needed to help the rock from losing its characteristics.

 

The purpose of this thesis is to investigate shrinkage in the shotcrete that leads to cracking. Shrinkage in the shotcrete occures during the curing process. That’s when the shotcrete aquires its characteristics such as tensile and compressive strength. The mixture of the shotcrete is of great importance with regards to the quantity of cracks where a greater fiber content contributes to a reduction in the number of cracks.

 

Surveys were made in both cavewalls and steel molds to see if the shrinkage is different compared to each other. Our results shows that the shotcrete in the mine was of sufficient quality, thanks to the good mix of fiber in the shotcrete. Only one crack caused by shrinkage was found in one of the steel molds, whereas no cracks were found in the rock cavities.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2019. , p. 25
Keywords [en]
LKAB, Kiruna, shrinkage, shotcrete
Keywords [sv]
LKAB, Kiruna, krympsprickor, sprutbetong
National Category
Mineral and Mine Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79554OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-79554DiVA, id: diva2:1440662
External cooperation
LKAB Berg och Betong
Subject / course
Student thesis, at least 7,5 credits
Educational program
Mining and Geotechnical Industry, Higher Education Diploma
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2020-06-15 Created: 2020-06-15 Last updated: 2020-06-15Bibliographically approved

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