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Subtraktionsstrategier från lärares perspektiv
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Arts, Communication and Education, Education, Language, and Teaching.
2020 (Swedish)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Subtraction strategies from teacher's perspective (English)
Abstract [en]

Teachers should design teaching in a way where students can develop their learning. In the teaching of mathematics, students will learn to choose the right calculation strategy that suits the student in counting subtraction (Skolverket, 2019). The purpose of this study is to shed light on the teachers' choice of subtraction strategies in teaching in grades 1–3. Research shows that subtraction is one of the maths in maths that is considered difficult for teachers to teach. It is stated in the school curriculum (Skolverket, 2019) that students should learn different strategies in order to adapt their calculations, which shows that teachers must have knowledge of a number of favorable strategies. As a starting point in a learning theory, the cognitive learning theory was chosen which deals with how students learn and what they need to learn. In this study, a qualitative method was used which, with the help of teacher interviews, was implemented to find out their choice of strategies and which strategies they considered to be beneficial to the students. The teacher interviews were conducted with five teachers in different municipalities. The result showed that teachers do not use a strategy in teaching but the majority. The teachers confirmed that the students need to learn different strategies. The teachers 'relationship to subtraction was highlighted as well as reasons for students' possible difficulties and negative attitudes. Laboratory material is used extensively in some of the teachers' math classrooms and for the most part, support is provided in the school's teaching materials. Continued research may be a review of teaching materials, to investigate whether the teaching materials have similar content and structure for subtraction and whether they have a strong link between subtraction and addition.

Abstract [sv]

Lärare ska utforma undervisningen på ett sätt där eleverna kan utveckla sitt lärande. I undervisningen i matematik ska eleverna lära sig att välja rätt räknestrategi som passar eleven i räkning av subtraktion (Skolverket, 2019). Syftet med den här studien är att belysa lärarnas val av subtraktionsstrategier i undervisning i årskurserna 1–3. Forskning visar att subtraktion är ett av de räknesätt i matematik som anses vara svårt för lärare att undervisa i. Det står i skolans läroplan (Skolverket, 2019) att elever ska få lära sig olika strategier för att kunna anpassa sitt räknande, vilket visar att lärarna måste ha kunskap i ett flertal gynnande strategier. Som utgångspunkt i en lärandeteori valdes den kognitiva lärandeteori som behandlar hur elever lär sig och vad de behöver lära sig. I denna studie användes en kvalitativ metod som med hjälp av lärarintervjuer genomfördes för att ta reda på deras val av strategier och vilka strategier de ansågs vara gynnande för eleverna. Lärarintervjuerna genomfördes med fem stycken lärare i olika kommuner som valdes ut genom förfrågningar via sociala medier samt kontakt med studiens författare. Resultatet visade att lärare inte använder en strategi i undervisningen utan flertalet. Lärarna bekräftade att eleverna behöver få lära sig olika strategier. Lärarnas relation till subtraktion belystes samt orsaker till elevers eventuella svårigheter och negativa inställning. Laborativt material används flitigt i några av lärarnas matematikklassrum och för det mesta tar lärare stöd i skolans läromedel. Fortsatt forskning kan vara en översyn av läromedel, att undersöka huruvida läromedlen har liknande innehåll och struktur för subtraktion samt om de har en stark koppling mellan subtraktion och addition.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2020. , p. 44
Keywords [en]
calculation strategy, laboratory material, mathematics, subtraction, teaching
Keywords [sv]
laborativt material, matematik, räknestrategi, subtraktion, undervisning.
National Category
Mathematics Pedagogy
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79668OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-79668DiVA, id: diva2:1442154
Subject / course
Student thesis, at least 30 credits
Educational program
Primary Education - Pre-School and School Years 1-3
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2020-06-18 Created: 2020-06-16 Last updated: 2020-06-18Bibliographically approved

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