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Shear modulus analysis of cross-laminated timber using picture frame tests and finite element simulations
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Wood Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0900-5110
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Wood Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4686-4010
Section for Building and Civil Engineering, Centre for Bachelor of Engineering Studies, Lautrupvang 15, 2750, Ballerup, Denmark.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Wood Science and Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0145-080x
2020 (English)In: Materials and Structures, ISSN 1359-5997, E-ISSN 1871-6873, Vol. 53, no 4, article id 112Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Determining the mechanical properties of cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels is an important issue. A property that is particularly important for CLT used as shear walls in buildings is the in-plane shear modulus. In this study, a method to determine the in-plane shear modulus of 3- and 5-layer CLT panels was developed based on picture frame tests and a correction factor evaluated from finite element simulations. The picture frame test is a biaxial test where a panel is simultaneously compressed and tensioned. Two different testing methods are simulated by finite elements: theoretical pure shear models as a reference cases and picture frame models to simulate the picture frame test setup. An equation for calculating the shear modulus from the measured shear stiffnesses in the picture frame tests is developed by comparisons between tests and finite element simulations of the CLT panels. The results show that pure shear conditions are achieved in the central region of the panels. No influence from the size of the tested panels is observed in the finite element simulations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2020. Vol. 53, no 4, article id 112
Keywords [en]
In-plane shear stiffness, Picture frame method, CLT, Shear modulus, Finite elements
National Category
Engineering and Technology Other Mechanical Engineering
Research subject
Wood Science and Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80309DOI: 10.1617/s11527-020-01545-1ISI: 000561054000003Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85089022309OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-80309DiVA, id: diva2:1456574
Note

Validerad;2020;Nivå 2;2020-09-03 (johcin)

Available from: 2020-08-05 Created: 2020-08-05 Last updated: 2021-04-14Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. In-Plane Shear Modulus of Cross-Laminated Timber
Open this publication in new window or tab >>In-Plane Shear Modulus of Cross-Laminated Timber
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is a building component used in walls, floors, roofs, or beams in a building. The advantages of using CLT as a building component are, among others, its high load-carrying capability and the possibility of pre-fabrication. The in-plane shear properties of a CLT panel are the in-plane shear modulus and in-plane shear load carrying capacity. This thesis is solely about the in-plane shear modulus and is intended to increase the understanding about the in-plane shear modulus of CLT panels. The in-plane shear modulus is important and there is a need to better understand and estimate its value. The objective of this work was to contribute to the need of finding a suitable test method to measure the in-plane shear modulus of CLT panels and to find factors affecting the in-plane shear modulus.  Three different methods: the picture frame test, the diagonal compression test and the diaphragm shear test, were used in practice and compared to a theoretical test method, the pure shear test. The three methods were compared by conducting experimental tests and by simulating the methods using finite element (FE). Based on the FE simulations, an equation to calculate the shear modulus was created for each test method.  Results from the FE analyses showed that the picture frame test gave results similar to the theoretical pure shear test models. The reason for this result was that the picture frame test is a biaxial testing method. The diagonal compression test and the diaphragm shear test are uniaxial test method. It was also concluded that the picture frame test has a pure shear state in the measured region. The mean error for the in-plane shear modulus equations was estimated, by comparing results from practical testing and FE simulations, to be -2.5%, +12.6% and +11.8% for the picture frame test, diagonal compression test and diaphragm shear test, respectively. The diagonal compression test was the preferred method to use with respect to its simplicity.The factors having an impact on the in-plane shear modulus were found by comparing multiple FE simulations. The results showed that it is possible to increase the in-plane shear modulus by: increasing the odd numbered layers width-to-thickness ratio; decreasing the odd layers thickness ratio of the CLT panels thickness; increasing the number of layers; reducing the gaps between boards; and using alternative main laminate directions. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2021
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
National Category
Other Civil Engineering Building Technologies
Research subject
Wood Science and Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83652 (URN)978-91-7790-823-4 (ISBN)978-91-7790-824-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-06-09, Auditorium A, Skellefteå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2021-04-15 Created: 2021-04-14 Last updated: 2021-05-26Bibliographically approved

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Turesson, JonasBerg, SvenEkevad, Mats

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