Gaia Early Data Release 3 : Structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds

Luri, X.; Chemin, L.; Clementini, G.; Delgado, H. E.; MacMillan, P. J.; Romero-Gómez, M.; Balbinot, E.; Castro-Ginard, A.; Mor, R.; Ripepi, V.; Sarro, L. M.; Cioni, M.-R. L.; Fabricius, C.; Garofalo, A.; Helmi, A.; Muraveva, T.; Brown, A. G. A.; Vallenari, A.; Prusti, T.; de Bruijne, J. H. J.; Babusiaux, C.; Biermann, M.; Creevey, O. L.; Evans, D. W.; Eyer, L.; Hutton, A.; Jansen, F.; Jordi, C.; Klioner, S. A.; Lammers, U.; Lindegren, L.; Mignard, F.; Panem, C.; Pourbaix, D.; Randich, S.; Sartoretti, P.; Soubiran, C.; Walton, N. A.; Arenou, F.; Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Bastian, U.; Cropper, M.; Drimmel, R.; Katz, D.; Lattanzi, M. G.; van Leeuwen, F.; Bakker, J.; Castañeda, J.; De Angeli, F.; Ducourant, C.; Fouesneau, M.; Frémat, Y.; Guerra, R.; Guerrier, A.; Guiraud, J.; Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A.; Masana, E.; Messineo, R.; Mowlavi, N.; Nicolas, C.; Nienartowicz, K.; Pailler, F.; Panuzzo, P.; Riclet, F.; Roux, W.; Seabroke, G. M.; Sordo, R.; Tanga, P.; Thévenin, F.; Gracia-Abril, G.; Portell, J.; Teyssier, D.; Altmann, M.; Andrae, R.; Bellas-Velidis, I.; Benson, K.; Berthier, J.; Blomme, R.; Brugaletta, E.; Burgess, P. W.; Busso, G.; Carry, B.; Cellino, A.; Cheek, N.; Damerdji, Y.; Davidson, M.; Delchambre, L.; Dell'Oro, A.; Fernández-Hernández, J.; Galluccio, L.; García-Lario, P.; Garcia-Reinaldos, M.; González-Núñez, J.; Gosset, E.; Haigron, R.; Halbwachs, J.-L.; Hambly, N. C.; Harrison, D. L.; Hatzidimitriou, D.; Heiter, U.; Hernández, J.; Hestroffer, D.; Hodgkin, S. T.; Holl, B.; Janßen, J.; Jevardat de Fombelle, G.; Jordan, S.; Krone-Martins, A.; Lanzafame, A. C.; Löffler, W.; Lorca, A.; Manteiga, M.; Marchal, M.; Marrese, P. M.; Moitinho, A.; Mora, A.; Muinonen, K.; Osborne, P.; Pancino, E.; Pauwels, T.; Recio-Blanco, A.; Richards, P. J.; Riello, M.; Rimoldini, L.; Robin, A. C.; Roegiers, T.; Rybizki, J.; Siopis, C.; Smith, M.; Sozzetti, A.; Ulla, A.; Utrilla, E.; van Leeuwen, M.; van Reeven, W.; Abbas, U.; Abreu Aramburu, A.; Accart, S.; Aerts, C.; Aguado, J. J.; Ajaj, M.; Altavilla, G.; Álvarez, M. A.; Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J.; Alves, J.; Anderson, R. I.; Anglada Varela, E.; Antoja, T.; Audard, M.; Baines, D.; Baker, S. G.; Balaguer-Núñez, L.; Balog, Z.; Barache, C.; Barbato, D.; Barros, M.; Barstow, M. A.; Bartolomé, S.; Bassilana, J.-L.; Bauchet, N.; Baudesson-Stella, A.; Becciani, U.; Bellazzini, M.; Bernet, M.; Bertone, S.; Bianchi, L.; Blanco-Cuaresma, S.; Boch, T.; Bombrun, A.; Bossini, D.; Bouquillon, S.; Bragaglia, A.; Bramante, L.; Breedt, E.; Bressan, A.; Brouillet, N.; Bucciarelli, B.; Burlacu, A.; Busonero, D.; Butkevich, A. G.; Buzzi, R.; Caffau, E.; Cancelliere, R.; Cánovas, H.; Cantat-Gaudin, T.; Carballo, R.; Carlucci, T.; Carnerero, M. I.; Carrasco, J. M.; Casamiquela, L.; Castellani, M.; Castro Sampol, P.; Chaoul, L.; Charlot, P.; Chiavassa, A.; Comoretto, G.; Cooper, W. J.; Cornez, T.; Cowell, S.; Crifo, F.; Crosta, M.; Crowley, C.; Dafonte, C.; Dapergolas, A.; David, M.; David, P.; de Laverny, P.; De Luise, F.; De March, R.; De Ridder, J.; de Souza, R.; de Teodoro, P.; de Torres, A.; del Peloso, E. F.; del Pozo, E.; Delgado, A.; Delisle, J.-B.; Di Matteo, P.; Diakite, S.; Diener, C.; Distefano, E.; Dolding, C.; Eappachen, D.; Enke, H.; Esquej, P.; Fabre, C.; Fabrizio, M.; Faigler, S.; Fedorets, G.; Fernique, P.; Fienga, A.; Figueras, F.; Fouron, C.; Fragkoudi, F.; Fraile, E.; Franke, F.; Gai, M.; Garabato, D.; Garcia-Gutierrez, A.; García-Torres, M.; Gavras, P.; Gerlach, E.; Geyer, R.; Giacobbe, P.; Gilmore, G.; Girona, S.; Giuffrida, G.; Gomez, A.; Gonzalez-Santamaria, I.; González-Vidal, J. J.; Granvik, Mikael; Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R.; Guy, L. P.; Hauser, M.; Haywood, M.; Hidalgo, S. L.; Hilger, T.; Hładczuk, N.; Hobbs, D.; Holland, G.; Huckle, H. E.; Jasniewicz, G.; Jonker, P. G.; Juaristi Campillo, J.; Julbe, F.; Karbevska, L.; Kervella, P.; Khanna, S.; Kochoska, A.; Kontizas, M.; Kordopatis, G.; Korn, A. J.; Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.; Kruszyńska, K.; Lambert, S.; Lanza, A. F.; Lasne, Y.; Le Campion, J.-F.; Le Fustec, Y.; Lebreton, Y.; Lebzelter, T.; Leccia, S.; Leclerc, N.; Lecoeur-Taibi, I.; Liao, S.; Licata, E.; Lindstrøm, H. E. P.; Lister, T. A.; Livanou, E.; Lobel, A.; Madrero Pardo, P.; Managau, S.; Mann, R. G.; Marchant, J. M.; Marconi, M.; Marcos Santos, M. M. S.; Marinoni, S.; Marocco, F.; Marshall, D. J.; Martin Polo, L.; Martín-Fleitas, J. M.; Masip, A.; Massari, D.; Mastrobuono-Battisti, A.; Mazeh, T.; Messina, S.; Michalik, D.; Millar, N. R.; Mints, A.; Molina, D.; Molinaro, R.; Molnár, L.; Montegriffo, P.; Morbidelli, R.; Morel, T.; Morris, D.; Mulone, A. F.; Munoz, D.; Murphy, C. P.; Musella, I.; Noval, L.; Ordénovic, C.; Orrù, G.; Osinde, J.; Pagani, C.; Pagano, I.; Palaversa, L.; Palicio, P. A.; Panahi, A.; Pawlak, M.; Peñalosa Esteller, X.; Penttilä, A.; Piersimoni, A. M.; Pineau, F.-X.; Plachy, E.; Plum, G.; Poggio, E.; Poretti, E.; Poujoulet, E.; Prša, A.; Pulone, L.; Racero, E.; Ragaini, S.; Rainer, M.; Raiteri, C. M.; Rambaux, N.; Ramos, P.; Ramos-Lerate, M.; Re Fiorentin, P.; Regibo, S.; Reylé, C.; Riva, A.; Rixon, G.; Robichon, N.; Robin, C.; Roelens, M.; Rohrbasser, L.; Rowell, N.; Royer, F.; Rybicki, K. A.; Sadowski, G.; Sagristà Sellés, A.; Sahlmann, J.; Salgado, J.; Salguero, E.; Samaras, N.; Sanchez Gimenez, V.; Sanna, N.; Santoveña, R.; Sarasso, M.; Schultheis, M.; Sciacca, E.; Segol, M.; Segovia, J. C.; Ségransan, D.; Semeux, D.; Siddiqui, H. I.; Siebert, A.; Siltala, L.; Slezak, E.; Smart, R. L.; Solano, E.; Solitro, F.; Souami, D.; Souchay, J.; Spagna, A.; Spoto, F.; Steele, I. A.; Steidelmüller, H.; Stephenson, C. A.; Süveges, M.; Szabados, L.; Szegedi-Elek, E.; Taris, F.; Tauran, G.; Taylor, M. B.; Teixeira, R.; Thuillot, W.; Tonello, N.; Torra, F.; Torra, J.; Turon, C.; Unger, N.; Vaillant, M.; van Dillen, E.; Vanel, O.; Vecchiato, A.; Viala, Y.; Vicente, D.; Voutsinas, S.; Weiler, M.; Wevers, T.; Wyrzykowski, Ł.; Yoldas, A.; Yvard, P.; Zhao, H.; Zorec, J.; Zucker, S.; Zurbach, C.; Zwitter, T.

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Gaia Early Data Release 3: Structure and properties of the Magellanic Clouds

Luri, X.

Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB), Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Chemin, L.

Centro de Astronomía – CITEVA, Universidad de Antofagasta, Avenida Angamos 601, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile.

Clementini, G.

INAF – Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, via Piero Gobetti 93/3, 40129 Bologna, Italy.

Delgado, H. E.

Dpto. de Inteligencia Artificial, UNED, c/ Juan del Rosal 16, 28040 Madrid, Spain.

MacMillan, P. J.

Romero-Gómez, M.

Balbinot, E.

Castro-Ginard, A.

Mor, R.

Ripepi, V.

Sarro, L. M.

Cioni, M.-R. L.

Fabricius, C.

Garofalo, A.

Helmi, A.

Muraveva, T.

Brown, A. G. A.

Vallenari, A.

Prusti, T.

de Bruijne, J. H. J.

Babusiaux, C.

Biermann, M.

Creevey, O. L.

Evans, D. W.

Eyer, L.

Hutton, A.

Jansen, F.

Jordi, C.

Klioner, S. A.

Lammers, U.

Lindegren, L.

Mignard, F.

Panem, C.

Pourbaix, D.

Randich, S.

Sartoretti, P.

Soubiran, C.

Walton, N. A.

Arenou, F.

Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.

Bastian, U.

Cropper, M.

Drimmel, R.

Katz, D.

Lattanzi, M. G.

van Leeuwen, F.

Bakker, J.

Castañeda, J.

De Angeli, F.

Ducourant, C.

Fouesneau, M.

Frémat, Y.

Guerra, R.

Guerrier, A.

Guiraud, J.

Jean-Antoine Piccolo, A.

Masana, E.

Messineo, R.

Mowlavi, N.

Nicolas, C.

Nienartowicz, K.

Pailler, F.

Panuzzo, P.

Riclet, F.

Roux, W.

Seabroke, G. M.

Sordo, R.

Tanga, P.

Thévenin, F.

Gracia-Abril, G.

Portell, J.

Teyssier, D.

Altmann, M.

Andrae, R.

Bellas-Velidis, I.

Benson, K.

Berthier, J.

Blomme, R.

Brugaletta, E.

Burgess, P. W.

Busso, G.

Carry, B.

Cellino, A.

Cheek, N.

Damerdji, Y.

Davidson, M.

Delchambre, L.

Dell'Oro, A.

Fernández-Hernández, J.

Galluccio, L.

García-Lario, P.

Garcia-Reinaldos, M.

González-Núñez, J.

Gosset, E.

Haigron, R.

Halbwachs, J.-L.

Hambly, N. C.

Harrison, D. L.

Hatzidimitriou, D.

Heiter, U.

Hernández, J.

Hestroffer, D.

Hodgkin, S. T.

Holl, B.

Janßen, J.

Jevardat de Fombelle, G.

Jordan, S.

Krone-Martins, A.

Lanzafame, A. C.

Löffler, W.

Lorca, A.

Manteiga, M.

Marchal, M.

Marrese, P. M.

Moitinho, A.

Mora, A.

Muinonen, K.

Osborne, P.

Pancino, E.

Pauwels, T.

Recio-Blanco, A.

Richards, P. J.

Riello, M.

Rimoldini, L.

Robin, A. C.

Roegiers, T.

Rybizki, J.

Siopis, C.

Smith, M.

Sozzetti, A.

Ulla, A.

Utrilla, E.

van Leeuwen, M.

van Reeven, W.

Abbas, U.

Abreu Aramburu, A.

Accart, S.

Aerts, C.

Aguado, J. J.

Ajaj, M.

Altavilla, G.

Álvarez, M. A.

Álvarez Cid-Fuentes, J.

Alves, J.

Anderson, R. I.

Anglada Varela, E.

Antoja, T.

Audard, M.

Baines, D.

Baker, S. G.

Balaguer-Núñez, L.

Balog, Z.

Barache, C.

Barbato, D.

Barros, M.

Barstow, M. A.

Bartolomé, S.

Bassilana, J.-L.

Bauchet, N.

Baudesson-Stella, A.

Becciani, U.

Bellazzini, M.

Bernet, M.

Bertone, S.

Bianchi, L.

Blanco-Cuaresma, S.

Boch, T.

Bombrun, A.

Bossini, D.

Bouquillon, S.

Bragaglia, A.

Bramante, L.

Breedt, E.

Bressan, A.

Brouillet, N.

Bucciarelli, B.

Burlacu, A.

Busonero, D.

Butkevich, A. G.

Buzzi, R.

Caffau, E.

Cancelliere, R.

Cánovas, H.

Cantat-Gaudin, T.

Carballo, R.

Carlucci, T.

Carnerero, M. I.

Carrasco, J. M.

Casamiquela, L.

Castellani, M.

Castro Sampol, P.

Chaoul, L.

Charlot, P.

Chiavassa, A.

Comoretto, G.

Cooper, W. J.

Cornez, T.

Cowell, S.

Crifo, F.

Crosta, M.

Crowley, C.

Dafonte, C.

Dapergolas, A.

David, M.

David, P.

de Laverny, P.

De Luise, F.

De March, R.

De Ridder, J.

de Souza, R.

de Teodoro, P.

de Torres, A.

del Peloso, E. F.

del Pozo, E.

Delgado, A.

Delisle, J.-B.

Di Matteo, P.

Diakite, S.

Diener, C.

Distefano, E.

Dolding, C.

Eappachen, D.

Enke, H.

Esquej, P.

Fabre, C.

Fabrizio, M.

Faigler, S.

Fedorets, G.

Fernique, P.

Fienga, A.

Figueras, F.

Fouron, C.

Fragkoudi, F.

Fraile, E.

Franke, F.

Gai, M.

Garabato, D.

Garcia-Gutierrez, A.

García-Torres, M.

Gavras, P.

Gerlach, E.

Geyer, R.

Giacobbe, P.

Gilmore, G.

Girona, S.

Giuffrida, G.

Gomez, A.

Gonzalez-Santamaria, I.

González-Vidal, J. J.

Granvik, Mikael

Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R.

Guy, L. P.

Hauser, M.

Haywood, M.

Hidalgo, S. L.

Hilger, T.

Hładczuk, N.

Hobbs, D.

Holland, G.

Huckle, H. E.

Jasniewicz, G.

Jonker, P. G.

Juaristi Campillo, J.

Julbe, F.

Karbevska, L.

Kervella, P.

Khanna, S.

Kochoska, A.

Kontizas, M.

Kordopatis, G.

Korn, A. J.

Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.

Kruszyńska, K.

Lambert, S.

Lanza, A. F.

Lasne, Y.

Le Campion, J.-F.

Le Fustec, Y.

Lebreton, Y.

Lebzelter, T.

Leccia, S.

Leclerc, N.

Lecoeur-Taibi, I.

Liao, S.

Licata, E.

Lindstrøm, H. E. P.

Lister, T. A.

Livanou, E.

Lobel, A.

Madrero Pardo, P.

Managau, S.

Mann, R. G.

Marchant, J. M.

Marconi, M.

Marcos Santos, M. M. S.

Marinoni, S.

Marocco, F.

Marshall, D. J.

Martin Polo, L.

Martín-Fleitas, J. M.

Masip, A.

Massari, D.

Mastrobuono-Battisti, A.

Mazeh, T.

Messina, S.

Michalik, D.

Millar, N. R.

Mints, A.

Molina, D.

Molinaro, R.

Molnár, L.

Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, MTA Centre of Excellence, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15- 17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; MTA CSFK Lendület Near-Field Cosmology Research Group, Konkoly Observatory, MTA Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Institute of Physics, 1117, Pázmány Péter sétány 1A, Budapest, Hungary.

Montegriffo, P.

Morbidelli, R.

Morel, T.

Morris, D.

Mulone, A. F.

Munoz, D.

Murphy, C. P.

Musella, I.

Noval, L.

Ordénovic, C.

Orrù, G.

Osinde, J.

Pagani, C.

Pagano, I.

Palaversa, L.

Palicio, P. A.

Panahi, A.

Pawlak, M.

Peñalosa Esteller, X.

Penttilä, A.

Piersimoni, A. M.

Pineau, F.-X.

Plachy, E.

Plum, G.

Poggio, E.

Poretti, E.

Poujoulet, E.

Prša, A.

Pulone, L.

Racero, E.

Ragaini, S.

Rainer, M.

Raiteri, C. M.

Rambaux, N.

Ramos, P.

Ramos-Lerate, M.

Re Fiorentin, P.

Regibo, S.

Reylé, C.

Riva, A.

Rixon, G.

Robichon, N.

Robin, C.

Roelens, M.

Rohrbasser, L.

Rowell, N.

Royer, F.

Rybicki, K. A.

Sadowski, G.

Sagristà Sellés, A.

Sahlmann, J.

Salgado, J.

Salguero, E.

Samaras, N.

Sanchez Gimenez, V.

Sanna, N.

Santoveña, R.

Sarasso, M.

Schultheis, M.

Sciacca, E.

Segol, M.

Segovia, J. C.

Ségransan, D.

Semeux, D.

Siddiqui, H. I.

Siebert, A.

Siltala, L.

Slezak, E.

Smart, R. L.

Solano, E.

Solitro, F.

Souami, D.

Souchay, J.

Spagna, A.

Spoto, F.

Steele, I. A.

Steidelmüller, H.

Stephenson, C. A.

Süveges, M.

Szabados, L.

Szegedi-Elek, E.

Taris, F.

Tauran, G.

Taylor, M. B.

Teixeira, R.

Thuillot, W.

Tonello, N.

Torra, F.

Torra, J.

Turon, C.

Unger, N.

Vaillant, M.

van Dillen, E.

Vanel, O.

Vecchiato, A.

Viala, Y.

Vicente, D.

Voutsinas, S.

Weiler, M.

Wevers, T.

Wyrzykowski, Ł.

Yoldas, A.

Yvard, P.

Zhao, H.

Zorec, J.

Zucker, S.

Zurbach, C.

Zwitter, T.

Show others and affiliations

2021 (English)In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 649, article id A7Article in journal (Refereed) Published

Abstract [en]

Context. This work is part of the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium papers published with the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3). It is one of the demonstration papers aiming to highlight the improvements and quality of the newly published data by applying them to a scientific case.

Aims. We use the Gaia EDR3 data to study the structure and kinematics of the Magellanic Clouds. The large distance to the Clouds is a challenge for the Gaia astrometry. The Clouds lie at the very limits of the usability of the Gaia data, which makes the Clouds an excellent case study for evaluating the quality and properties of the Gaia data.

Methods. The basis of our work are two samples selected to provide a representation as clean as possible of the stars of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). The selection used criteria based on position, parallax, and proper motions to remove foreground contamination from the Milky Way, and allowed the separation of the stars of both Clouds. From these two samples we defined a series of subsamples based on cuts in the colour-magnitude diagram; these subsamples were used to select stars in a common evolutionary phase and can also be used as approximate proxies of a selection by age.

Results. We compared the Gaia Data Release 2 and Gaia EDR3 performances in the study of the Magellanic Clouds and show the clear improvements in precision and accuracy in the new release. We also show that the systematics still present in the data make the determination of the 3D geometry of the LMC a difficult endeavour; this is at the very limit of the usefulness of the Gaia EDR3 astrometry, but it may become feasible with the use of additional external data. We derive radial and tangential velocity maps and global profiles for the LMC for the several subsamples we defined. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the two planar components of the ordered and random motions are derived for multiple stellar evolutionary phases in a galactic disc outside the Milky Way, showing the differences between younger and older phases. We also analyse the spatial structure and motions in the central region, the bar, and the disc, providing new insightsinto features and kinematics. Finally, we show that the Gaia EDR3 data allows clearly resolving the Magellanic Bridge, and we trace the density and velocity flow of the stars from the SMC towards the LMC not only globally, but also separately for young and evolved populations. This allows us to confirm an evolved population in the Bridge that is slightly shift from the younger population. Additionally, we were able to study the outskirts of both Magellanic Clouds, in which we detected some well-known features and indications of new ones.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages

EDP Sciences, 2021. Vol. 649, article id A7

Keywords [en]

Magellanic Clouds, catalogs, astrometry, parallaxes, proper motions

National Category

Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology

Research subject

Onboard Space Systems

Identifiers

URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-84952DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039588ISI: 000645222500014Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85102953147OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-84952DiVA, id: diva2:1561264

Note

Validerad;2021;Nivå 2;2021-06-07 (alebob);

Finansiär: För finansiärsinformation se Acknowledgements: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2021/05/aa39588-20/aa39588-20.html

Available from: 2021-06-07 Created: 2021-06-07 Last updated: 2024-02-20Bibliographically approved

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