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Measuring engagement elicited by eye contact in Human-Robot Interaction
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16145, Italy; Ludwig-Maximilians-universität (DE), Germany.
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16145, Italy.
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16145, Italy.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Humans and technology. Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, 16145, Italy.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3323-7357
2019 (English)In: 2019 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), IEEE, 2019, p. 6979-6985Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The present study aims at investigating how eye contact established by a humanoid robot affects engagement in human-robot interaction (HRI). To this end, we combined explicit subjective evaluations with implicit measures, i.e. reaction times and eye tracking. More specifically, we employed a gaze cueing paradigm in HRI protocol involving the iCub robot. Critically, before moving its gaze, iCub either established eye contact or not with the user. We investigated the patterns of fixations of participants' gaze on the robot's face, joint attention and the subjective ratings of engagement as a function of eye contact or no eye contact. We found that eye contact affected implicit measures of engagement, i.e. longer fixation times on the robot's face during eye contact. Moreover, we showed that joint attention was elicited only when the robot established eye contact, whereas no joint attention occurred when it did not. On the contrary, explicit measures of engagement with the robot did not vary across conditions. Our results highlight the value of combining explicit with implicit measures in an HRI protocol in order to unveil underlying human cognitive mechanisms, which might be at stake during the interactions. These mechanisms could be crucial for establishing an effective and engaging HRI, and provide guidelines to the robotics community with respect to better robot design.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2019. p. 6979-6985
Series
IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS), E-ISSN 2153-0866
National Category
Human Computer Interaction
Research subject
Engineering Psychology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-86780DOI: 10.1109/IROS40897.2019.8967747ISI: 000544658405088Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85076908229OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-86780DiVA, id: diva2:1586616
Conference
IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2019), Macau, China, November 4-8, 2019
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 715058
Note

ISBN för värdpublikation: 978-1-7281-4004-9

Available from: 2021-08-20 Created: 2021-08-20 Last updated: 2024-04-10Bibliographically approved

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Wykowska, Agnieszka

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