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Risk Assessment of Server Outages Due To Voltage Dips In the Internal Power Supply System of a Data Center
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5870-0112
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5845-5620
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4074-9529
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4443-7653
2021 (English)In: CIRED 2021 - The 26th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution, Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021, p. 708-712, article id 0090Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The data centers host sensitive electronic devices like servers, memory, hard disks, network devices, etc., which are supplied by the power supply units. The regulated direct current (DC) output of the power supply units fluctuates with input voltage variation since they typically contain single phase switch-mode power supplies. The voltage dips caused by faults in the internal power supply system of the data center can be large enough to violate the Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC) proposed voltage-tolerance guideline. The output of the power supplies, hence the operation of the servers will be interrupted due to such voltage dips. In this paper, the outage probability of the servers caused by the voltage dips are analyzed for different fault location in the internal supply system of a data center.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2021. p. 708-712, article id 0090
Keywords [en]
Data center, ITIC, Power supply system, Server outages, Voltage dips
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-87189DOI: 10.1049/icp.2021.1846Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85163190736OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-87189DiVA, id: diva2:1596558
Conference
26th International Conference and Exhibition on Electricity Distribution (CIRED 2021), Online, September 20-23, 2021
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 43090-2
Note

ISBN för värdpublikation: 978-1-83953-591-8 (elektroniskt)

Available from: 2021-09-22 Created: 2021-09-22 Last updated: 2024-06-27Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. On the Energy Efficiency and Reliability of Data Centers in Operation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On the Energy Efficiency and Reliability of Data Centers in Operation
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The new generation information technology (IT) services like mobile Internet, Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, processing of big data, applications of artificial intelligence, etc. are becoming popular with the development of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry. In this industry, the dependency on the data centers is also increasing to ensure the quality of services (QoS). Thus, the energy consumption of the data centers is increasing with the increasing demand for computational resources in it because the load sections of the data center with sensitive equipment run $24$ hours a day, $365$ days of the year. Regarding data center operation, it is becoming a technical challenge to make a trade-off between reducing the energy consumption to limit the operational costs and ensuring higher reliability of the data center.

A way to help data center operators to cope with the posed challenges is by identifying the ``right size of the computational resource'', considering the power losses and service availability of the data center. This endeavor requires power consumption models that can consider different load sections with different types of equipment. The power consumption models of the load sections can address the electrical load demand and the power losses, especially losses in the internal power conditioning system (IPCS). On the other hand, the service availability of the data center mainly depends on the availability of the computational resources like servers and on the availability of the power supply through the IPCS. It is important to characterize the servers' failure and repair times to develop the stochastic model of the server unavailability in operation. The availability of adequate power supply through the IPCS depends on its component failures and the power supply capacity of its components. The bottleneck of the power supply capacity of the IPCS is subjected to the power losses of the equipment in the IPCS. Additionally, the voltage disturbances like voltage dips and swells in the IPCS also interrupt the power supply units (PSUs) of the servers, which also degrades the QoS of the data center.

The outcomes of this thesis can be synthesized as follows: 1) A comparative analysis of the energy consumption models of the major load sections in the data center, and an analysis of the impact of the power losses in the IPCS on the outage probability of the servers. 2) Reliability indices to assess the adequacy of the computational resources in the data center considering the outages of power supplies and the servers in operation. 3) The impacts of voltages disturbances in the IPCS on the power supply outages, hence on the interruptions of servers. 4) An analysis of the trade-off between the energy efficiency and reliability in operational planning of the data center.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet, 2023. p. 210
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-96599 (URN)978-91-8048-307-0 (ISBN)978-91-8048-308-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-06-16, Hörsal A, Luleå tekniska universitet, Skellefteå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 24559
Available from: 2023-04-17 Created: 2023-04-16 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved

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Ahmed, Kazi Main Uddinde Oliveira, Roger AlvesBollen, MathAlvarez, Manuel

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