Minimizing the Fluoride Load in Water Using the Electrocoagulation Method: An Experimental ApproachShow others and affiliations
2022 (English)In: Environments, E-ISSN 2076-3298, Vol. 9, no 3, article id 38Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The abundant presence of fluoride (F-) in surface water bodies is an environmental concern because of its effects on human health; medical reports confirmed that fluoride intake above 1.5 mg/L leads to many health complications, including but not limited to weak bones and enamel fluorosis. Thus, the World Health Organisation (WHO) defines 1.20 mg/L as the maximum permissible F concentration in drinking water. The electrocoagulation method (EC) is globally practised to remove many pollutants from water due to its cost-effectiveness, safety, and ease of use. However, EC has some drawbacks, such as the lack of reactors’ design. In this study, a new EC reactor, which uses four drilled aluminium electrodes and a variant cross-section section container, was designed and used to remove F- from water. The design of the new EC eliminated the need for water mixers. The ability of the new EC unit to remove F- from synthetic water was evaluated at different current densities (CD) (1-3 mA/cm2), electrode distances (ELD) (5-15 mm), pH of the solution (pHoS) (4-10), and initial F- concentrations (IFC) (5-20 mg/L). The outcomes of this study prove that the new reactor could remove as much as 98.3% of 20 mg/l of F- at CD, ELD, pHoS, and IFC of 2 mA/cm2, 5 mm, and 4 and 10 mg/L, respectively.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI, 2022. Vol. 9, no 3, article id 38
Keywords [en]
electrocoagulation, fluoride removal, iron electrodes, optimization, RSM
National Category
Geochemistry Environmental Sciences
Research subject
Soil Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-90245DOI: 10.3390/environments9030038ISI: 000775443400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85127596559OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-90245DiVA, id: diva2:1652908
Note
Validerad;2022;Nivå 2;2022-04-20 (hanlid)
2022-04-202022-04-202023-09-05Bibliographically approved