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The Impacts of Voltage Disturbances Due to Faults In the Power Supply System of A Data Center
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5870-0112
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4074-9529
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Energy Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4443-7653
Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers, Chandigarh, India.
2022 (English)In: 2022 20th International Conference on Harmonics & Quality of Power (ICHQP) Proceedings: “Power Quality in the Energy Transition”, IEEE, 2022Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The internal power condition system (IPCS) in data centers is prone to have cable faults that cause voltage dips and swells. The voltage dips and swells impact the power supply units (PSUs) with the servers. The servers connected with the PUSs restart or turn-off when the input voltage comes out of the voltage-tolerance range. This paper analyses the impact of such voltage disturbances on server outages due to a single-phase fault in the IPCS. The voltage-tolerance range of the PSUs is considered according to the guideline of the Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC). The voltage dip propagates to the healthy load sections from the fault location, while voltage swells are also observed due to sudden load reduction. Moreover, the current limitation mode of the inverter in the uninterrupted power supply (UPS) is identified as a cause of voltage dip to almost zero experienced by the PSUs. The reliability of the data center considering the outage probability of the servers are finally quantified to show the impacts of the voltage dips and swells in the IPCS.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2022.
Series
International Conference on Harmonics and Quality of Power, ISSN 1540-6008, E-ISSN 2164-0610
Keywords [en]
data center reliability, power supply unit, server outages, UPS current limitation, voltage dips
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Control Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-92109DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808804ISI: 000844604500111Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85133750124OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-92109DiVA, id: diva2:1681900
Conference
20th International Conference on Harmonics & Quality of Power (ICHQP 2022), Naples, Italy, May 29 - June 1, 2022
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 43090-2Norrbotten County Council
Note

ISBN för värdpublikation: 978-1-6654-1639-9

Available from: 2022-07-07 Created: 2022-07-07 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. On the Energy Efficiency and Reliability of Data Centers in Operation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>On the Energy Efficiency and Reliability of Data Centers in Operation
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The new generation information technology (IT) services like mobile Internet, Internet of things (IoT), cloud computing, processing of big data, applications of artificial intelligence, etc. are becoming popular with the development of the information and communication technology (ICT) industry. In this industry, the dependency on the data centers is also increasing to ensure the quality of services (QoS). Thus, the energy consumption of the data centers is increasing with the increasing demand for computational resources in it because the load sections of the data center with sensitive equipment run $24$ hours a day, $365$ days of the year. Regarding data center operation, it is becoming a technical challenge to make a trade-off between reducing the energy consumption to limit the operational costs and ensuring higher reliability of the data center.

A way to help data center operators to cope with the posed challenges is by identifying the ``right size of the computational resource'', considering the power losses and service availability of the data center. This endeavor requires power consumption models that can consider different load sections with different types of equipment. The power consumption models of the load sections can address the electrical load demand and the power losses, especially losses in the internal power conditioning system (IPCS). On the other hand, the service availability of the data center mainly depends on the availability of the computational resources like servers and on the availability of the power supply through the IPCS. It is important to characterize the servers' failure and repair times to develop the stochastic model of the server unavailability in operation. The availability of adequate power supply through the IPCS depends on its component failures and the power supply capacity of its components. The bottleneck of the power supply capacity of the IPCS is subjected to the power losses of the equipment in the IPCS. Additionally, the voltage disturbances like voltage dips and swells in the IPCS also interrupt the power supply units (PSUs) of the servers, which also degrades the QoS of the data center.

The outcomes of this thesis can be synthesized as follows: 1) A comparative analysis of the energy consumption models of the major load sections in the data center, and an analysis of the impact of the power losses in the IPCS on the outage probability of the servers. 2) Reliability indices to assess the adequacy of the computational resources in the data center considering the outages of power supplies and the servers in operation. 3) The impacts of voltages disturbances in the IPCS on the power supply outages, hence on the interruptions of servers. 4) An analysis of the trade-off between the energy efficiency and reliability in operational planning of the data center.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet, 2023. p. 210
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Electric Power Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-96599 (URN)978-91-8048-307-0 (ISBN)978-91-8048-308-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-06-16, Hörsal A, Luleå tekniska universitet, Skellefteå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 24559
Available from: 2023-04-17 Created: 2023-04-16 Last updated: 2023-09-05Bibliographically approved

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Ahmed, Kazi Main UddinBollen, Math H. J.Alvarez, Manuel

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