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A Fully Additive Approach for the Fabrication of Split-Ring Resonator Metasurfaces
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6055-3198
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4133-3317
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab. M3S Research group, Department of Information, Technology and Electrical Engineering, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8774-9433
2022 (English)In: Proceedings: IEEE 72nd Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC 2022), IEEE, 2022, p. 1834-1840Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Metasurfaces, as a two-dimensional (2D) form of metamaterial, offer the possibility of designing miniaturized antennas for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting systems with high efficiency, but fabrication of these antennas is still a major challenge. Printed circuit board (PCB) lithography, utilizing subtractive etch-and-print techniques to create metal interconnects on PCBs, was the first technique used to create metasurfaces antennas and remains the dominant technique to this day. The development of large-area fabrication techniques that are flexible, precise, uniform, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly is urgently needed for creating next-generation metasurfaces antenna. The present study reports a new fully additive manufacturing method for the fabrication of copper split-ring resonator (SRR) arrays on a PCB as a planar compact metasurfaces antenna. This new method was developed by combining sequential build up (SBU), laser direct writing (LDW), and covalent bonded metallization (CBM) methods and called (SBU-CBM). In this method, standard FR-4 covered with a layer of polyurethane was used as a basic PCB. The polymer surface was coated with a grafting molecule, followed by LDW to pattern the SRR array on the PCB. Finally, in electroless plating, only the laser-scanned area was selectively plated, and copper covalent bond metallization was selectively plated on the SRR pattern. Copper SRR arrays with different sizes were successfully fabricated on PCB using the SBU-CBM method. Copper strip lines within the SRR repeating building block were miniaturized up to 5 μm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the smallest size of a PCB antenna that has been reported to date.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE, 2022. p. 1834-1840
Series
Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC), ISSN 0569-5503, E-ISSN 2377-5726
Keywords [en]
metamaterial, RF-energy harvesting, metasurface antenna, copper split-ring resonator, additive manufacturing, laser direct writing, electroless copper plating
National Category
Analytical Chemistry Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Cyber-Physical Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-92164DOI: 10.1109/ECTC51906.2022.00288ISI: 000848765300281Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85134654273ISBN: 978-1-6654-7943-1 (electronic)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-92164DiVA, id: diva2:1683150
Conference
2022 IEEE 72nd Electronic Components and Technology Conference (ECTC), San Diego, USA, May 31 - June 3, 2022
Note

Funder: InterregNord-COMPACT

Available from: 2022-07-14 Created: 2022-07-14 Last updated: 2022-09-23Bibliographically approved

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Imani, RoghayehChouhan, Shailesh SinghDelsing, JerkerAcharya, Sarthak

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