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Exploring Opportunities in Hydroponic Farming: The Design of a Modular Vertical System
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Social Sciences, Technology and Arts.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Social Sciences, Technology and Arts.
2022 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

The agricultural industry faces heavy challenges that affect the global food supplies, upholding and further igniting two of the greatest modern challenges - ending hunger and climate change. Along with water scarcity, nutrient-depleted soils, and hazardous contaminants, the continuous decrease of arable land poses a major challenge worldwide. As this is likely to worsen with the ever growing population, particularly in urban areas, conventional farming may not be feasible to feed the mouths of upcoming generations. A prerequisite for meeting this challenge is finding alternative cultivation practices that better suits this vicissitude, by aiming to increase self-sufficiency. Vertical farming has arisen as a way of tackling this issue by cultivating in protected environments, using hydroponic techniques.The aim of this master thesis is to develop a product, suitable for the goals of the Swedish AgTech start-up Containing Greens AB. The thesis investigates the novel industry of vertical farming and identifies promising market opportunities for the client in relation to hydroponic cultivation systems. In order to develop a solution that best fits the selected context and users, business design strategies were implemented into the design process to thoroughly attend to the project challenges and objectives. This process was divided into three stages Immersion, Verify Presumption, and Detailed Design, wherein Product Segment Exploration, Customer Discovery, and Verify Hypotheses, were incorporated as product development methods for start-ups.The findings show a limited range of products designed for zero acreage farming, most notably vertical systems (towers) in spite of being the most efficient in utilising space and light. The limitations of hydroponic systems are expressed in low aesthetics, lack of flexibility for both plant and cultivator, UX, and mitigation of risks such as plant dehydration or insufficient light exposure. Due to this, many hydroponic enthusiasts that want to expand their cultivation must build their own systems from scratch, elucidating a market gap. Amongst these individuals, many find the planning, material acquisition, and building process cumbersome, and too time consuming, as does the client. The biggest market gap found are products for those individuals that resort to DIY, which include school teachers using hydroponics in education, and cultivators aiming for self-sufficiency in extreme climates. To facilitate and increase hydroponic cultivation, the project resulted in the design of a modular hydroponic tower system primarily for leafy greens and herbs. Modularity in hydroponic systems opens up possibilities to extend the market, as the required time and space for such processes significantly decrease for the first-hand user. It also presents the opportunity for continuous development of such a product, thus preventing obsolescence and reducing waste generation. The design addresses many of the pains experienced with vertical systems; including dehydration, clogging, and narrow plant proximity. Beyond solving users’ current issues, it also offers benefits in excess to that. The novelty of the design invites a wide variety of usage areas and future customers, and paves the way for a new type of hydroponic cultivation by merging drip irrigation with NFT, and eliminating the need for substrates.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022. , p. 126
Keywords [en]
product development, start-up, modularity, vertical farming, hydroponics, self-sufficiency, urbanisation, cultivation
National Category
Design
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-92986OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-92986DiVA, id: diva2:1695135
Educational program
Industrial Design Engineering, master's level
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-09-21 Created: 2022-09-12 Last updated: 2025-02-24Bibliographically approved

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