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Effect of unbalancing mass placement in hydropower generators with floating rotor rim
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Product and Production Development.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4185-2395
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Product and Production Development.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6016-6342
Vattenfall Research and Development, Älvkarleby, Sweden.
2022 (English)In: 31st IAHR Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems 26/06/2022 - 01/07/2022 Trondheim, Norway, Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP) , 2022, no 1, article id 012094Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Dynamic models for hydropower generators treat the rotor part as a rigid body; however, many studies have shown the opposite. The electromagnetic force distribution of deformed rotors is uneven, creating Unbalance Magnetic Pull, causing high forces on generator components leading to a risk of fatigue, therefore shortening the life of machines. Unbalancing masses can worsen the asymmetries of the rotor, which would further increase the effect of the electromagnetic interactions. This paper evaluates the rotor response using different unbalancing masses at the rotor and at the poles to quantify their impact in displacements and exciting frequencies. The model employed in this paper is based on the equation of motion derived using Lagrange equations in both co-rotating and stationary frames of reference, considering the effects of Centrifugal loads, Coriolis, and magnetization of poles. Different unbalancing mass placements affect different variables; extra weights in the poles contribute predominantly to the deformation of the rim, while the unbalance in the shaft affects the position of the shaft; a combination of placements was also studied. The simulations were performed and compared with and without radial electromagnetic forces, showing how the presence of magnetized poles further deforms the shapes of the rotor.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP) , 2022. no 1, article id 012094
Series
IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, ISSN 1755-1307, E-ISSN 1755-1315 ; 1079
National Category
Applied Mechanics
Research subject
Machine Design
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-94712DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/1079/1/012094Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85141802042OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-94712DiVA, id: diva2:1721198
Conference
31st Symposium on Hydraulic Machinery and Systems (IAHR 2022), Trondheim, Norway, June 26 - July 1, 2022
Projects
Swedish Hydropower Centre - SVC
Funder
Swedish Energy AgencySwedish National GridLuleå University of TechnologyKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyChalmers University of TechnologyUppsala UniversityLund UniversityAvailable from: 2022-12-21 Created: 2022-12-21 Last updated: 2024-04-19Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Dynamic Models for Mechanical Analysis of Synchronous Hydropower Generators
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Dynamic Models for Mechanical Analysis of Synchronous Hydropower Generators
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Hydropower generators are essential for providing electricity for daily human activities. For that reason, designing and building reliable generators contributes to a sustainable energy supply market. Many studies have sought to model the dynamics of hydropower generators, as providing a reliable model would lead to more cost-effective designs; these models need to consider both operational and faulty conditions. A generator comprises many parts that contribute to its dynamics: tilting-pad bearings, rotor-rim, and stator’s core, which are the ones focused on in this study. Modeling a hydropower generator is a complex endeavor that requires considerable computational resources and is time-consuming. Therefore, this thesis aims to propose models to study and predict the dynamics of hydropower generators, which would be beneficial for manufacturers and operators, reducing the complexity of the design without compromising accuracy. To accomplish this, each mentioned individual part is explored. It starts with characterizing eight-pad tilting-pad bearings on vertical rotors, proposing a model, and comparing the results to experiments. Then it continues by considering the rotor rim in a generator to be flexible and proposing a model for the generator with flexible rotor rims while the stator remains rigid; this is accomplished using Lagrange equations, considering the centrifugal and Coriolis effects, the electromagnetic interaction between rotor and stator, and static and dynamic eccentricities. Reducing the complexity of the rotor rim required assembling 2-D curved beam elements to reproduce its geometry and testing on a generator prototype, discussing the impact of the connecting plates and the magnetic forces on the natural frequencies and the effect of static eccentricity and unbalance. A 3-D Finite Element model of the generator was also proposed, and both simulations focused on the similarities and differences between both approaches.  Furthermore, linear and nonlinear models of the electromagnetic forces acting on the rotor are also considered and applied in the model to study whether the nonlinear behavior in a generator can affect its stability by employing Bifurcation diagrams and Poincaré maps. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Luleå: Luleå University of Technology, 2024
Series
Doctoral thesis / Luleå University of Technology 1 jan 1997 → …, ISSN 1402-1544
Keywords
Rotordynamics, Hydropower, Generator, Curved Beam, Tillting-Pad Bearing
National Category
Applied Mechanics
Research subject
Machine Design
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-105169 (URN)978-91-8048-548-7 (ISBN)978-91-8048-549-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-06-14, B192, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2024-04-22 Created: 2024-04-19 Last updated: 2024-05-16Bibliographically approved

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Rondon, DavidAidanpää, Jan-Olov

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