The Lvov School of Mathematics was a group of mathematicians in the city of Lvov (then in Poland, now in Ukraine) in the years 1922–1945 under leadership of Stefan Banach (1892–1945) and Hugo Steinhaus (1887–1972), who worked together and often came to the Scottish Café (Kawiarnia Szkocka) to discuss mathematical problems.

The aim of the lecture is to present the reasons for the creation of such a school, its members and their achievements. I will also mention some theorems from the school that have remained classic and are still being investigated or generalized.