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Beyond Human Forgeries: An Investigation into Detecting Diffusion-Generated Handwriting
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany; École Pour l’Informatique et les Techniques Avancées, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9332-3188
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1240-5809
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3706-285X
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2023 (English)In: Document Analysis and Recognition – ICDAR 2023 Workshops, Part I / [ed] Mickael Coustaty; Alicia Fornés, Springer, 2023, p. 5-19Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Methods for detecting forged handwriting are usually based on the assumption that the forged handwriting is produced by humans. Authentic-looking handwriting, however, can also be produced synthetically. Diffusion-based generative models have recently gained popularity as they produce striking natural images and are also able to realistically mimic a person’s handwriting. It is, therefore, reasonable to assume that these models will be used to forge handwriting in the near future, adding a new layer to handwriting forgery detection. We show for the first time that the identification of synthetic handwritten data is possible by a small Convolutional Neural Network (ResNet18) reaching accuracies of 90%. We further investigate the existence of distinct discriminative features in synthetic handwriting data produced by latent diffusion models that could be exploited to build stronger detection methods. Our experiments indicate that the strongest discriminative features do not come from generation artifacts, letter shapes, or the generative model’s architecture, but instead originate from real-world artifacts in genuine handwriting that are not reproduced by generative methods.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer, 2023. p. 5-19
Series
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743, E-ISSN 1611-3349 ; 14193
Keywords [en]
Biometrics, Diffusion Models, Forensics Analysis, Forgery Detection, Handwriting Generation, Synthetic Image Generation
National Category
Computer Sciences
Research subject
Machine Learning
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-103374DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-41498-5_1ISI: 001346410700001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85173041756OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-103374DiVA, id: diva2:1823726
Conference
17th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR 2023), San José, CA, United States, August 21-26,2023
Note

ISBN for host publication: 978-3-031-41497-8 (print), 978-3-031-41498-5 (electronic)

Available from: 2024-01-03 Created: 2024-01-03 Last updated: 2024-12-17Bibliographically approved

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Nikolaidou, Konstantina

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