Water purification and recycling technologies are explored universally to provide hygienic resources to the upcoming generation. Lack of appropriate waste-management measures led to a rapid increase in water pollution, and to prevent this situation fast, inexpensive and precise water-purification approaches must be taken. The development of nanomaterials as membranes or adsorbents of hazardous chemicals, heavy metals, or dyes from water have been challenging. The effective nanostructured nanomaterials have garnered research interests in this dome. After successful synthesis of different dimensional materials, 1D nanoribbons came into eminence due to their unique features. In this chapter, the basics of nanoribbon-based nanomaterials and its various configuration applied in water treatment will be discussed. An extensive survey will be done to summarize different processes for water treatment and the role of nanoribbons in these processes. Thus, water recycling via nanoribbon-based nanomaterials or membranes can be an excellent ecological approach for safe and pure water sources. Additionally, major challenges that limit the practical application of the membranes, nanomaterials in absorption, or photocatalytic degradation in water recycling will be highlighted.