The existing processes in the pulp and paper industry can be diversified in many ways to include the integration of biofuels, bioenergy, and bioproducts production. These processing options include the thermochemical conversion of lignin (and polysaccharides) into syngas and potentially biofuels, the chemical upgrading of extractives into advanced biodiesel, and the extraction and conversion of noncellulosic polysaccharides into biofuels through biological and chemical conversions. This chapter focuses on the options available for integrating hemicellulose extraction and fermentation technologies into the process for the chemical and chemomechanical pulping of woody biomass. The chapter also provides an overview of how these processing options can be integrated into existing processes, and it discusses the potential implications of this integration on the overall process.