Accumulation of Traffic-Related Trace Metals in Urban Winter_Long Roadside SnowbanksShow others and affiliations
2015 (English)In: Water, Air and Soil Pollution, ISSN 0049-6979, E-ISSN 1573-2932, Vol. 226, no 12, article id 404Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
Accumulations of mass loads of selected chemicals in roadside snowbanks were studied at five sites with various traffic densities in the City of Trondheim (Norway) by collecting snow samples throughout the winter period and analysing them for 13 water quality constituents: pH, EC, alkalinity, Cl, Na, TSS, Cd, Cr, Cu. Ni, Pb, W, and Zn. The resulting dataset was then supplemented by similar data collected earlier in the City of Luleå (Sweden). Regression analyses for individual sites indicated linear trends in unit-area constituent accumulations with time (0.65<R2<0.95) and supported the assumption of linearity in further analyses. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the combined Luleå/Trondheim data revealed cause-effect relationships between the chemical mass loadings (TSS and trace metals) and three predictors: snow age (SRT = snow residence time), traffic density (AADT = annual average density of traffic), and cumulative traffic volume (CTV = SRT • AADT). Cl and Na loads, originating from road salt applications in Trondheim only, did not display this trend. Two types of parsimonious models for predicting trace metal accumulations in winter-long roadside snowbanks were developed: (a) a linear regression model using CTV as a single predictor and predicting metal accumulations with a moderate certainty (0.37< R2<0.66), and (b) multiple regression models using SRT, AADT and SWE as predictors. The latter models indicated good correlations between the mass loads and the predictors (0.64<R2< 0.77) and produced slightly better prediction accuracies (0.44< R2 < 0.67) than the simpler model.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2015. Vol. 226, no 12, article id 404
Keywords [en]
Roadside snow quality, Pollution accumulation, Statistical analyses and modeling, Prediction of trace metal accumulations
National Category
Water Engineering
Research subject
Urban Water Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-4045DOI: 10.1007/s11270-015-2660-7ISI: 000365492600010Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84946781977Local ID: 1e80f378-f1ee-4ca1-a853-f63fdc8cebb9OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-4045DiVA, id: diva2:976907
Note
Validerad; 2015; Nivå 2; 20151110 (shamog)
2016-09-292016-09-292023-09-05Bibliographically approved