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  • 1.
    Ahlgren, Linda
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Sjölander, Christina
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att identifiera samt främja meningsfulla aktiviteter hos personer som är 80 år och äldre.2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: To describe occupational therapists' experiences of identifying and promoting meaningful activities with people aged 80 years and over, with homecare. Method: The authors chose a qualitative approach to describe the subjective experiences of the occupational therapists. Eight semi- structured interviews were conducted and analyzed on the basis of qualitative content analysis. Result: The data resulted in three categories, one with two subcategories these were: Identification of individual needs for meaningful activities, Work promoting against meaningful activities with subcategories: Problems occupational therapists meet with the elderly as well as supportive resources to maintain meaningful activities,as well as the category of Occupational Therapists' lack of and the wish for resources to work towards meaningful activities. Conclusion: The study shows that occupational therapists in the field of home care focus on starting from the patient's individual life story and they see a danger with generalizing when working with patients aged 80 years and over. Occupational therapists' experiences also showed that minor efforts and the social network of relatives and friends are important for the patients to be able to carry out meaningful activities. The participants in the study showed a great commitment to their work while expressing a wish to do more for the patients.

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  • 2.
    Alfons, Linda
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Huotila, Katarina
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Erfarenheter av att arbeta med tillgänglighet vid uppförandet av publika lokaler2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of the study was to describe the experiences of persons working with accessibility and participating in the building process of two newly constructed buildings containing public spaces. A qualitative study was chosen as method, to obtain a holistic understanding of the ideas that are the foundation/basis of accessibility work in the construction of public buildings. Semi-structured interviews were used and the material was analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Three categories was the result: Who are expected to have knowledge and when, Priorities in the building process and Complex accessibility despite laws and regulations. The result showed that the knowledge of accessibility and targetgroups with different types of impairments varied, and that the knowledge of usability was insufficient, which could lead to a lack of participation for target groups. The view on who accessibility was for was often limited to people with mobility impairments and people with visual impairments. The conclusion drawn was that an activity perspective on accessibility, i.e usability, could contribute to the participation of more target groups in society. 

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  • 3.
    Allanson, Johanna
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Olsson, Jonna
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för kvinnor med stressrelaterad ohälsa: En litteraturstudie2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med litteraturstudien var att systematiskt granska studier och sammanställa vilka arbetsterapeutiska interventioner kvinnor med stressrelaterad ohälsa erhåller samt resultatet avdessa. Datainsamling har gjorts i databaserna PubMed CINAHL, PsycINFO, OT-seeker och Scopus via Luleå tekniska universitet. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades, därefter bedömdesbevisvärdet och evidensstyrkan. Den systematiska sökningen resulterade i 12 artiklar varavsju kvantitativa, tre kvalitativa och två med mixad metod bestående av både kvalitativa ochkvantitativa data. Resultatet redovisas i tre kategorier, vilka är Redesigning Daily Occupations[ReDO], naturbaserad rehabilitering och kreativ inriktning. Effekter och erfarenheter av deolika interventionerna har visat positiva resultat, dock behövs det mer forskning inom områdetför att stärka det vetenskapliga underlaget och säkerställa att arbetsterapin och den vård somutförs är evidensbaserad. Litteraturstudien bidrar till ökad kunskap och förståelse förarbetsterapeutiska interventioner i vardagen för kvinnor med stressrelaterad ohälsa. 

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  • 4.
    Almqvist, Pontus
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Jansson, Karl
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Upplevd aktivitetsbalans hos manliga undersköterskor och vårdbiträden inom vård och omsorg2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien var att undersöka och beskriva manliga undersköterskor och vårdbiträdens upplevelse av aktivitetsbalans. En kvalitativ design användes för att fokusera på individers levda erfarenheter och tankar. Insamlingen av data gjordes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Totalt ingick tio deltagare i studien varav åtta undersköterskor och två vårdbiträden. Analysen resulterade i tre kategorier: Pandemins påverkan på aktivitet, Skiftarbetet sätter ramarna och Krav och egna val av aktiviteter. Resultatet visade att deltagarna över lag upplever en god aktivitetsbalans som kopplas till tillfredsställelsen av de aktiviteter som ingår i deras aktivitetsrepertoar samtidigt som de upplever sig ha tid till att genomföra dessa aktiviteter. Det som har påverkat deltagarnas aktivitetsbalans negativt har varit brist på tid för återhämtning mellan arbetspass i och med varierande arbetsschema samt den pandemin som pågick under studiens gång som lett till en förändring i aktivitetsmönstret. Författarna anser att mer forskning av mäns aktivitetsbalans utanför arbetet, med fokus på familjeliv och kravfyllda aktiviteter utanför arbetet behövs för att få en bättre bild av männens aktivitetsbalans. Författarna anser att kunskapen från denna studie kan vara till gagn för arbetsterapeuter som möter denna målgrupp för att förebygga ohälsa. Resultatet kan även vara till nytta för arbetstagare och arbetsgivare inom vården, politiker eller andra beslutsfattare för att få en bild av olika faktorers inverkan på aktivitetsbalans och hälsa. 

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  • 5.
    Anderberg, Rosie
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Bäckman, Viktoria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Smartphone inom rehabilitering för personer med förvärvad hjärnskada: En litteraturstudie2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The aim of this literature study was to describe how the smartphone is used as a compensatory aid in rehabilitation and the importance it can have for people with acquired brain injury.

    Method: To answer the purpose, a literature study was carried out which included qualitative and quantitative research based on eight studies.

    Result: The smartphone has many advantages as a compensatory aid and it shows important for people with acquired brain injury in their daily life in many ways. Significant effects could be measured which led to more activities being initiated and completed at the right time, thus many of the basic problems with acquired brain injury are addressed, such as problems with memory, planning, initiation and organization. The smartphone was also preferred by the users in front of other devices.

    Conclusion: The study shows great advantages in implementing the smartphone as part of the rehabilitation of acquired brain injury. Furthermore, the study shows that the smartphone is the part of people's lives regardless of if they suffer from acquired brain damage or not. There is a need for further research within the subject since there are few studies that shed light on smartphone's as compensatory aid at present.

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  • 6.
    Andersson, Amanda
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Kalliomäki, Linnea
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att använda sig av CI-terapi för barn med hemiplegisk cerebral pares2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe occupational therapists’ experience of using Constraint Induced Movement Therapy for children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy. Methods: A qualitative method was chosen to describe the subjective experiences of the occupational therapists. Eight semi structured interviews were conducted with occupational therapists that were working at different centres for child and adolescent rehabilitation in this country, thereafter the collected data was analysed using qualitative content analysis. Result: The results were divided into four categories: The occupational therapist’s support, The importance of the network, Adaptation of the intervention and The organisational structures. The result indicate that the intervention should be centred on the child’s motivation and play in collaboration with the child’s social network and the intervention usually leads to an extended activity repertoire for the child. Furthermore, the result indicates the intervention to be time consuming, demanding extensive structure and resources, which led to the intervention was performed by only a few occupational therapists. It also appeared that collegial support among occupational therapists promotes the implementation of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy. Conclusion: The study show that the child’s range of activities often were improved when using Constraint Induced Movement Therapy, but this could not be proven with today’s assessment instrument.   

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  • 7.
    Andersson, Daniel
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Hellmark, Emma
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Arbetsterapeutens roll för personer med diagnosen myalgisk encefalomyelit/kroniskt trötthetssyndrom: En litteraturöversikt2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: ME/CFS is a serious, chronic and complex systemic disease which often and dramatically limits the activity of the affected. The existing scientific evidence of interventions regarding function and disability is limited. The current level of knowledge indicates that the occupational therapist can contribute to the care for people with ME/CFS, but there is a need for further research. Aim: The aim of this literature overview was to map out and describe current research regarding the role of the occupational therapist for people diagnosed with ME/CFS. Method: Data collection for the literature overview was conducted based on developed selection criterias in three relevant databases; PubMed, CINAHL and PsycINFO which resulted in ten articles, seven quantitative and three qualitative studies. The quality of the included studies were assessed and finally a latent content analysis was completed which resulted in four categories. Result: The content analysis resulted in four categories: to supply a client centered support for strategies in activity, to adjust therapeutic approach in occupational adaptation, to consider the therapeutic value of the group treatment, and to contribute to the professional team collaboration. Conclusion: The expertise of the occupational therapist is an important contribution to rehabilitation due to the complex occupational situation for people diagnosed with ME/CFS.

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  • 8.
    Andersson, Elin
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Nordström, Anna
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att arbeta med fritidsaktiviteter för barn och ungdomar med funktionsnedsättningar inom barn- och ungdomspsykiatrin och habiliteringen2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine occupational therapists' experience of working with leisure activities for children and adolescents who live with functional impairments in pediatric facilities in Sweden. Method: The study was conducted with a qualitative data collection method with semi-instructed interviews through phone or skype with seven occupational therapists with experience and that are working in a pediatric facility with children and adolescents who live with functional impairments. In the analysis of the interviews a qualitative content analysis was used. Result: The results showed that leisure activities are not a prioritization according to health guidelines and that there are also other factors that prevent occupational therapists from working with leisure activities. It also appears that there are supporting factors that enable occupational therapists to find solutions of how they can work with leisure activities and that their experience is that leisure activities have a positive impact on clients weighing over the otherwise negative consequences that can arise from lack of meaningful leisure. The result showed that occupational therapists include leisure activities in information gathering, provide tips and advice and have the opportunity to use intervention that benefit both activities of daily living and leisure activities. The occupational therapists find that the clients demand for help vary depending on the diagnosis the client has. Conclusion: The Occupational therapists that are working with leisure activities experience that they have a positive effect on children and adolescents with functional impairments. And that is a topic that should be included more in occupational therapy because it promotes independence and participation in care but also in the client’s life. Occupational therapists possess the knowledge needed to be able to work and adapt leisure activities in different environments and needs.

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  • 9.
    Andersson, Eva
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Burström, Martin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Upplevd aktivitetsbalans hos anhöriga till personer med depression2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to describe how relatives of people with depression experience their occupational balance and which strategies promotes occupational balance. The study adopted a qualitative inductive approach in order to focus on the participants' descriptions. A purposeful selection took place based on criteria. Six participants were included in the study. Data were generated through semistructured open-ended interviews and were analyzed by qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in one overall theme “When the worry and uncertainty are a part of life” and three categories “Routines and strategies for balancing everyday life","Being able to recover and own time for well-being", and "Worries about the future, strategies and its impact on everyday life". The study results showed how the participants' experience of concern and uncertainty characterized their everyday lives and influenced their occupational balance. Participants were affected by always having to be available, creating rigorous routines and developing strategies to make everyday activities work. Even factors and activities in everyday life that affected their own health as well as concerns for the future, characterized participants everyday life. The outcome of this study can contribute to increased knowledge of how relatives experience everyday life and its difficulties in maintaining a good occupational balance. Furthermore, the strategies they used to promote balance in everyday life can also be beneficial for occupational therapists in their work to support relatives of people with depression.

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  • 10.
    Andersson, Hanna
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Kilvén, Karin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Mjölkböndernas upplevelse av aktivitetsbalans och livskvalitet.2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Occupational balance is a self-perceived feeling of having a balance between leisure, work and rest. Having an occupational balance is important for a person to be able to have good health and quality of life, which can be difficult for dairy farmers who both live and work on their farms. Aim: The aim of the study was to investigate Swedish dairy farmers' experience of occupational balance and quality of life. Method: A quantitative and qualitative electronic survey was conducted. The questionnaire was designed according to two assessment instruments, the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) and the Brunnsviken Brief Quality of Life (BBQ), as well as three more questions based on working as a dairy farmer and demographic questions. The analysis was done through a qualitative content analysis and a quantitative process. The participation consisted of 331 dairy farmers. Results: Dairy farmers experienced a low occupational balance and quality of life. The results showed that overall there was a correlation between the estimated occupational balance and the quality of life. The dairy farmers stated that they were satisfied with their work but that the long working days went beyond their free time, which could affect their quality of life. The economic situation also had consequences for the dairy farmers' quality of life. Conclusion: The dairy farmers have a low occupational balance that affects their quality of life. It is important that healthcare receives more knowledge about the dairy farmers' situation in order to offer them the right care and rehabilitation.

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  • 11. Andersson, Marit
    et al.
    Larsson, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Bränholm, Inga-Britt
    Umeå universitet.
    Arbetsterapeutisk utredning och åtgärd vid kort- och långtidssjukskrivning: en försöksverksamhet1993Report (Other academic)
  • 12.
    Angbratt, Disa
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Föräldrastrategier för att stödja en hållbar vardag för barn med ADHD2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The everyday life for children with ADHD is affected by problems regarding inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Parenting a child with ADHD consists of increasing demands in everyday life, which gives greater risks for poor mental health amongst parents. When working with a child with ADHD the occupational therapist work with the whole family, often focusing on interventions in the home environment. The aim of this study was to investigate strategies described by parents of children with ADHD to create a sustainable everyday life. A qualitative approach was used and data from 6 blogs about parenting children with ADHD, was analysed through a qualitative content analysis. The result was compiled into three main categories, Taking care of one self as a parent, Children’s needs and adjustments in everyday life and A new family life as a team. In the result it was shown that parents used strategies in an active way to manage their own well- being, to create structure to support their children, to reduce the amount of conflicts and to strengthen their children's self-esteem. An overall theme emerged The journey towards a new parenthood, that showed the process the parents went through via personal growth, awareness in parenting style and new expectations on family life. The result shown in the study emphasizes a perceptive parenthood to support their children, factors confirmed in previous studies. The result also wishes to highlight the parents own personal health as an important aspect. A sustainable everyday life was both an individual project for the parent, as a joint project for the family as a whole.


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  • 13.
    Anton, Lindgren
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Idrott- och hälsa lärares erfarenheter av att arbeta med funktionsnedsättningar i den ordinära grundskolan, belyst utifrån ett delaktighetsperspektiv2018Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Delaktighet i skolans utbildning är något som alla elever har rätt att ta del av. Strävan ska vara att anpassa skillnader i elevernas förutsättning att tillgodogöra sig utbildningen. Elever med funktionsnedsättningar är påvisat mer inskränkta eller begränsade av delaktighet, vilket visar sig i skolans miljö. Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva lärarnas erfarenheter av att arbeta med elever som har funktionsnedsättning, i ämnet idrott och hälsa Metod: studiens design var kvalitativ. Sex intervjuer genomfördes med lärare i grundskolan inom skolämnet idrott och hälsa som samtliga hade erfarenhet av arbeta med elever som har funktionsnedsättning. Det insamlade datamaterialet analyserades med stöd och inspiration av en induktiv innehållsanalys och resulterade i fyra kategorier: ”En tillåtande undervisningsmiljö främjar delaktighet”,” Strategier för en främjad delaktighet”, ”Förstärkt kompetens kan främja elever med funktionsnedsättning till delaktighet”, ”Organisatoriska resurser i arbetet gentemot att främja delaktighet i skolan”. Resultat: Lärarna påvisar hängivelse till att inkludera elever med funktionsnedsättning. De rapporterar samtidigt begränsningar i deras kompetens, kännedom, skolans miljö och verktyg som kan resultera i att elever med funktionsnedsättning frånses behovet av anpassning, eller exkluderas. Konklusion: Lärare inom idrott och hälsa i grundskolan upplever att deras görande och skolan som organisation har ett starkt samband till hur elever med funktionsnedsättning får möjlighet till delaktighet. Studien kan användas i syfte att medvetandegöra att mer stöd i skolan behövs för att samtliga elever ska delta i skolämnet idrott och hälsa.

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  • 14.
    Appelberg, Annicka
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Aktivitetsbalans i vardagen hos personer med Multipel Skleros2023Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to describe occupational balance among people with MS and whether there was any correlation between their socio-demographic factors, their MS-impact and occupational balance. A descriptive cross-sectional study with quantitative study design was used. Data included 41 adults with MS, aged 25-72 years (median 43years). Two different self-assessment were used; the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11) and the Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale (MSIS-29). Data were analyzed with non-parametric, descriptive statistics and correlations. The Fisher's Exact Test was conducted for the correlation in the cross-tabulation. The results showed that most of the participants reported a good occupational balance and a low level of MS impact. The majority of participants reported a higher level of psychological disability impact on activity and well-being in daily life related to their MS. The correlations revealed that those who reported a high degree of MS impact reported a lower occupational balance. In contrast, there were no significant associations between socio-demographic variables and occupational balance, except for type of housing which showed a significant association. The majority of participants who reported high occupational balance lived in an apartment. In conclusion, the majority of participants in the study experienced low MS impact and high occupational balance, an increased MS impact resulted in a decreased occupational balance. Participants' MS mainly caused psychological MS impact on activity and well-being in daily life. Furthermore, the majority of participants with high occupational balance lived in apartment. This study has contributed to increased understanding of MS impact of activity balance for people with MS. An important knowledge for occupational therapy interventions which increases the person-centered holistic perspective that contributes to life satisfaction and health in people with MS.

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  • 15.
    Axelsson, Therese
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Henriksson, Johanna
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att främja delaktighet i aktivitet för äldre på särskilt boende2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    When the person is no longer able to live in their own home, the municipalities have aresponsibility for the elderly to live and live independently and in safe ratio, where the elderlyhave an active and meaningful life together with others. The occupational therapist focuses onthe person's point of view on what is important for each individual to support and enable them toperform activities in daily life in later years. When the elderly are given the opportunity to beactive in their everyday lives and to live a meaningful life, it can promote maintainingindependence, which can contribute to a better quality of life. The aim of this study was tohighlight occupational therapists' experiences of promoting participation in activities for theelderly who live in nursing homes. Method: Semi-structured interviews were chosen to collectdata which were then analyzed on the basis of a qualitative content analysis according toLundman and Hällman Graneheim (2017). Results: The analysis resulted in three maincategories containing two subcategories each. The main category The world of the elderly iscentral to activity, the subcategories Gain knowledge about the person and the elderly in thecenter. The main category Environment hinders and enables the subcategories Physicalenvironment and Social environment and the main category Challenges to enable activity, thesubcategories Convey the importance of participation in activity to others and Factors within theorganization that the occupational therapist has difficulty influencing. Conclusion: Theoccupational therapist has an important role in promoting the participation of the elderly innursing homes but the occupational therapist's competence needs to be made visible to others toenable occupational therapists to become a natural part of the organization.

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  • 16.
    Axén, Anna
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Simu, Madelen
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner vid tidig rehabilitering för personer med stroke2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Suffering from a stroke can cause major consequences for an individual which can lead to physical and cognitive disabilities that change the individual’s activites in daily life. The occupational therapist’s focus on the individual’s activity och participation in meaningful activities has a significant role in stroke rehabilitation. Objektive: The purpose of the study was to investigate which occupational therapy interventions that are performed inthe early rehabilitation for individual’s with stroke in stroke units. Methods: The authors used a quantitative approach and the data collection was performed with structured questions in a web-based survey. The questions were designed based on the recommended occupational therapy interventions that are included in the National Board of Health and Welfare’s guidelines för stroke care. Results: The number of participants in the study was 59 and all participants were active occupational therapists at a stroke unit in 16 different regions in Sweden. The results showed that interventions with high priority in the National Board of Health and Welfare’s guidelines are not performed to a greater extent than interventions with lower priority. Twenty-four percent of the participants felt that they did not have the opportunity to work based on the guidelines for stroke care. Conclusion: Participants performed the interventions recommended in the guidelines to varying extent and also perform other interventions not included in the guidelines. The requirement to perform evidence-based care instead of basing the choice of interventions on proven experience can be likened to a paradigm shift. In order to facilitate that transition, the possibilities of following the Swedish guidelines should be examined further and a clarification of the order of priority in the guidelines be published.

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  • 17.
    Babic, Ivana
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Karatzidou, Styliani
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Självskattad aktivitetsbalans hos läkare och sjuksköterskor inom slutenvård: En kvantitativ studie2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Aktivitetsbalans är ett kärnbegrepp inom arbetsterapi och kan definieras som en subjektiv upplevelse av rätt mängd och rätt variation mellan olika aktiviteter. Forskning har visat att aktivitetsbalans är en viktig faktor för hälsa och välbefinnande. Däremot finns ingen tidigare forskning gällande aktivitetsbalans hos läkare och sjuksköterskor inom slutenvård som författarna till studien kunde hitta. Syfte: Att beskriva den självskattade aktivitetsbalansen hos läkare och sjuksköterskor inom slutenvård. Metod: En kvantitativ studie med insamlat datamaterial från en webbenkätundersökning med självskattningsinstrumentet Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ) samt kompletterande bakgrundsfrågor. I studien deltog sammanlagt 100 läkare och sjuksköterskor från olika slutenvårdsavdelningar i Sverige. Resultat: Det mest utmärkande resultatet var att ungefär två tredjedelar av hela urvalsgruppen inte var nöjda med sin mängd och variation av aktiviteter i vardagen. Utifrån enskild yrkesgrupp visade resultatet även att läkare var mindre nöjda med sina aktiviteter i vardagen än sjuksköterskor. Slutsats: Läkare och sjuksköterskor upplevde svårigheter att uppnå aktivitetsbalans i vardagen och därför behövs hälsofrämjande insatser av bland annat arbetsterapeuter. Vidare forskning med större population behövs göras med målgruppen läkare och sjuksköterskor inom slutenvård.

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  • 18.
    Bagatell, Nancy
    et al.
    University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
    Womack, Jennifer L.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Human capacity for action as core content in occupational scienceeducation2016In: Journal of Occupational Science, ISSN 1442-7591, E-ISSN 2158-1576, Vol. 23, no 4, p. 514-518Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Incentives for teaching occupational science may vary from advancementof the discipline to providing philosophical grounding for the profession ofoccupational therapy. Regardless of the aim, the essential content of thesubject matter – occupational science – has been largely unexplored. Inseeking to refine concepts of occupation that emerged from scholarshipin occupational therapy and yet distance the conversation from anapplied perspective, occupational scientists have focused heavily on theform, function and meaning of occupation as well as socioculturalfactors effecting occupational engagement. This focus has largelydivorced the content from the exploration of the embodied experienceof and the human capacity for action. This paper seeks to challenge thatdivision by considering human capacity for action as integral tounderstanding occupation, and knowledge of body structure andfunction as key to understanding human capacity for action. We offer anexample of a course where human capacity for action is foregrounded,enabling students to more clearly understand the relationship betweenoccupation, embodied action, and body structures and functions.

  • 19.
    Barchéus, Ida-Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Möjligheter och utmaningar i vardagliga aktiviteter för personer med läkemedelsassisterande behandling vid opiatberoende2017Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 60 credits / 90 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to describe involvement in everyday activities for people with opioid replacement therapy. To answer the purpose, an empirical qualitative design was chosen that is appropriate for capturing a person's own thoughts, feelings, experiences, experiences and opinions and the world in which he lives with the person's own words. Data were collected through interviews with people who have opioid replacement therapy. The collected data consisted of six interviews analyzed based on a latent qualitative content analysis. Analysis of data resulted in an overall theme; Living in life does not survive life and four categories; A struggle to adapt to something new and find structure in everyday life. To dare to believe in his ability. To get professional support along the way. The importance of the social environment for breaking old life. The result showed that involvement in everyday activities is a major challenge and a struggle that depends both on the support people receive from care and social services in their change process, their confidence in their own ability and how to succeed in creating a new identity and how the social environment around them look. Conclusions that can be deduced from the results of the study can give implications for people who have opioid replacement therapy to help build new life in addition to receiving medication. It is a struggle to adapt and create a new identity and in that work, occupational therapy can perform an important role.

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  • 20.
    Barchéus, Ida-Maria
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Ranner, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Månsson Lexell, Eva
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory disorders, and Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund-Malmö, Sweden.
    Larsson-Lund, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Occupational therapists’ experiences of using a new internet-based intervention - a focus group study2023In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 31, no 1, article id 2247029Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Research is limited about how the introduction of new ways of delivering and conducting occupational therapy, in accordance with expected changes in health care, is experienced by occupational therapists (OTs).

    Aim

    To explore how OTs experienced use of a new internet-based intervention, ‘Strategies for Empowering activities in Everyday life’ (SEE), focusing on supporting client resources to manage an active everyday life after stroke.

    Material and methods

    A focus group study with periodical repeated discussion was designed. Four sessions during a period of 22 months were conducted with a total of four OTs.

    Result

    Overall, the results reflected that the OTs experienced that the use of SEE for persons with stroke was a valuable complement to existing rehabilitation. The process of introducing SEE included a multifaceted transition involving context, intervention process and delivery that renewed occupational therapy.

    Conclusion

    These results indicate how the use of new internet-based interventions such as SEE can influence and support renewal of occupational therapy that extends beyond the particular intervention. Continued research is needed to explore more aspects of SEE feasibility.

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  • 21.
    Barchéus, Ida-Maria
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Ranner, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Nyman, Anneli
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Månsson Lexell, Eva
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Rehabilitation Medicine, Memory Clinic and Geriatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund-Malmö, Sweden.
    Larsson-Lund, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Developing and testing the feasibility of a new internet-based intervention-A case study of people with stroke and occupational therapists2023In: PLOS ONE, E-ISSN 1932-6203, Vol. 18, no 12, article id e0296364Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Internet-based interventions are called for within rehabilitation to meet the limited access to support for self-management after stroke. Therefore, a new intervention program, “Strategies for Empowering activities in Everyday life” (SEE) was developed. The aim of this study was to explore and describe how clients with stroke and their occupational therapists experienced the SEE intervention process and whether SEE has the potential to promote an active everyday life.

    Methods: A qualitative descriptive case study was designed. Four people with stroke (two of each sex, mean age 66,5 years) and their two occupational therapists (one of each sex) were included. A mix of data collection methods as interviews, assessments, registration forms and fieldnotes was used to uncover the participants’ experiences and potential changes. Data were analysed with pattern matching.

    Findings: The analysed data formed three categories: “Not being able to take on the internet-based intervention”, “Being facilitated in the change process of everyday life through the internet-based intervention”, and “Providing a new internet-based intervention is a transition from ordinary practice”. These categories included two to four subcategories that reflected aspects of SEE feasibility and acceptability with a focus on content and delivery.

    Conclusion: The first test of the intervention indicates that the content and delivery of SEE can be feasible and acceptable both for clients and occupational therapists. The findings suggest that SEE has the potential to support clients’ self-reflections and their adoption of strategies that influence engagement in daily activities and satisfaction with life in various ways. Further research with large-scale studies is needed.

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  • 22.
    Batmanghelich, Catherine
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    En litteraturstudie om aktiviteters betydelse för upplevd hälsa bland äldre immigranter: En litteraturöversikt2017Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: A literature study on the meaning of activities for experienced health among elderly immigrants.

    Method: Data collection was carried out through a systematic literature search in the databases Cinahl, PubMed, Psycinfo and Medline. The inclusion criteria and the review of the articles resulted in eight articles with quantitative assumptions finally being included.

    Results: From the compilation of the literature study four categories were identified. These four categories were: The importance of age for perceived activity and health in connection with migration, the importance of social support for the conduct of activities and the experience of health, the importance of acculturation for the activity and the experience of good health, and the work and the importance of education for activity and health.

    Summary: The outcome indicates that the health of older immigrants is an area that occupational therapists should pay attention to. There is a need for research that illustrates how occupational therapists can offer intervention to this group.

     

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  • 23.
    Bengtsson, Emma
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Wolter, Julia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att använda arbetsterapeutiska interventioner för personer med multipel skleros2021Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose. The purpose of the study was to investigate and describe occupational therapists' experiences of using occupational therapy interventions for people with multiple Sclerosis (MS). Method. A convenience sample was used. The request was sent out in the group "Occupational therapists on facebook" and occupational therapists who worked with people with MS were searched via websites on the internet and contacted to be recruited as participants in the study. To answer the purpose, a qualitative approach was chosen and to collect data for the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Results. The analysis resulted in four categories: “Fatigue management course” which described how the occupational therapist works with occupational balance, everyday structure, energy saving strategies and the importance of rest. “Conducting occupational therapy interventions in groups” highlighted how the positive effects of group dynamics contributed to the work with people with MS when cognitive training, hand training and creative activity were conducted in groups. “Individual occupational therapy interventions” described interventions that are individualized for people with MS unique needs such as housing adaptation, compensatory aids and activity training. “The occupational therapist's profession-specific competencies” described occupational therapists' abutment and competence in a client-centered and evidence-based approach, ability to teamwork, improvement and development work and ability to coach people with MS. Conclusion. Fatigue management course is an extremely important occupational therapy group intervention for people with MS that should be offered at an early stage of the disease. Individually adapted aids are needed for people with MS to make everyday life easier. Occupational therapists must make demands for improvement and skills development. Digital tools need to be used to benefit people with MS rehabilitation even during a pandemic. Larger studies are needed to highlight a larger national perspective, as well as to investigate what conditions are needed to implement national guidelines in a more efficient way and more evenly within Sweden.                                                                                        

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  • 24.
    Berg, Linda
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Molarin, Karin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeutiska interventioner och arbetsterapeutens erfarenheter av interventioner inom palliativ vård: en litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study was to gather occupational therapy interventions in palliative care and describe the occupational therapist's experiences of them. Method: A literature search was performed in the databases PubMed and Cinahl. After compiling the interventions, a qualitative content analysis was performed to identify the occupational therapists' experiences. Results: The interventions were divided into the following five categories:Compensatory measures, Enabling ADL, Preventive measures through guiding and training, Activity as symptom management and Activity-based measures. Three categories with subcategories were identified based on the qualitative content analysis: Meet the client's needs (have an understanding of the client's situation, consider the client's values), See the importance of performing activities (enable continued participation and belonging to others, use activity as symptom management) and Managing constraints and opportunities (be flexible, have a well-functioning team). Conclusion: The occupational therapist has an important role within the palliative care team. The need for increased knowledge of the occupational therapist's role is needed to facilitate teamwork, which is an important part of palliative care.

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  • 25.
    Bergfeldt, Ingrid
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Svedin, Linn
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Upplevd aktivitetsbalans hos yrkesarbetande föräldrar med barn i åldern 6-10år2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur yrkesarbetande föräldrar med barn i åldrarna 6-10 år upplever sin aktivitetsbalans.

    Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 14 yrkesarbetande föräldrar. Intervjuerna genomfördes med en deltagare åt gången. De transkriberade intervjuerna analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilken slutligen resulterade i fyra kategorier.  

    Resultat: Resultatet visade de fyra kategorierna: “Att få livspusslet att gå ihop” som beskriver de svårigheter deltagarna har att få rätt mängd och rätt variation mellan aktiviteterna. “Stressande arbetssituation” beskriver deltagarnas upplevelse av hur deras aktivitetsbalans påverkas av arbetet. “Egna aktiviteter som kraftkälla” beskriver deltagarnas upplevelse av att få tid till egna aktiviteter. Samt “Rekreation ger återhämtning” som beskriver vad deltagarna upplever som återhämtning och hur det påverkar övriga aktiviteter.

    Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att deltagarna inte upplever aktivitetsbalans i vardagen. Detta beror på att lönearbetet tar en stor del av den vakna tiden och att barnen och deras välbefinnande prioriteras. Deltagarnas upplevelse är att de har balans när vardagen flyter på utan störande moment och aktiviteterna harmonierar samt att vara lugn och ostressad själv.

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  • 26.
    Bergfors, Hanna
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Carlsson, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av digitalisering i arbetet med klienter med kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Aim: The purpose of this study was to describe the experience of digitalization for occupational therapists in their work with cognitive impairment clients. Method: To answer the purpose of the study, a qualitative method was used. Data was collected through eight semi-structured interviews with professional licensed occupational therapists from different areas within the public sector. The collected data was analyzed through qualitative content analysis with an inductive approach. Results: The analyzed collected data resulted in four categories: Motivating participation in an increasingly complex digital everyday life, Digital meetings entails pros and cons, Pedagogical interventions based on digital conditions and The need to follow the development. The result describes new ways of working incorporated by occupational therapists to support clients' participation in society as well as the management of digital tools and services. The result also describes factors that have influenced occupational therapists' acquisition of digital skills in order to provide their clients with digital solutions as the digitalization transition has been accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic. Conclusion: The study showed that occupational therapists took great responsibility to acquire their own digital skills to support their client’s participation, and that interventions and meeting forms have had to be adapted from a client-centred perspective based on digital conditions. Further research is needed regarding digital video meetings as an alternative to physical meetings and the influence on occupational therapy assessment and intervention. 

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  • 27.
    Bergin, Michelle
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology.
    ‘Finding the play’- exploring with occupational therapists practice possibilities in the context of Irish schoolyards.Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    Research has identified diverse constraints to the adoption of school-based occupational therapy approaches and a lack of attention to addressing the barriers to children’s play opportunities. Critical contextualised research is advocated to inform practice possibilities.

    Aims/Objectives

    This inquiry aimed to explore with occupational therapists their existing practices in Irish schoolyards to raise consciousness and generate practice possibilities concerned with play, as an issue of occupational justice.

    Materials and Methods

    Using the theory of practice architectures, 6 occupational therapists from diverse sites of practice participated in a critical action research process using dialogical focus group and occupational mapping methods. 

    Results

    Three themes were generated 1) Existing practices as situated 2) (Re)mattering play and practices as occupations and 3) Practice possibilities – “Finding the play” between responsiveness and responsibilities. A further interrelated dimension was how the research methods provided mechanisms of raising consciousness. 

    Conclusions, and Significance.

    Alongside constructing knowledges on existing practices in an Irish context, this inquiry contributes to understandings of practices as socially embedded generative processes of “finding the play”, highlighting ethical responsibilities to make visible inequities reproduced in habitual practices and engage in relationships of solidarity to (re)construct alternative shared practices. 

  • 28.
    Bergin, Michelle
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Playing along (with)in the hard yard? Play, practices, and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis aims to generate knowledges on practice possibilities concerned with children’s play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Navigating the intersections between theory and practice required an ongoing examination of the tensions and points of resonance between ideas, ideals, and practices. Drawing on critical occupational perspectives, four distinct yet interrelated studies contribute to the thesis aim, exploring play, particularly the play of children with minoritized identities, as an issue of occupational justice from diverse perspectives. Minoritized draws attention to the active social processes that create inequitable opportunities for children because of their identities relative to gender, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, religion, sexuality, and disability.

    In Study I, a scoping review using the Joanna Briggs institute methodology, showed a paucity of existing research on the play of Irish Traveller children, an ethnic minoritized community. Using an existing conceptual model to categorise reported influencing factors emphasized the distinct restricting factor of racism on Irish Traveller children’s play. To address the problematization of at-risk representations of Irish Traveller children, as reflective of culturist assumptions, greater attention to children’s own diverse constructions of play as a capability is proposed.

    Study II completed virtual and walking interviews with ten primary school teachers to explore their practices and experiences of particularly children with minoritized identities play in Irish schoolyards. The reflexive thematic analysis highlighted how prevailing norms interrelated with the locus of risks of exclusion to children’s individual choices and how teachers’ while valuing play, prioritised safety and an absence of conflict. Knowledges constructed on teachers and children negotiating individual and collective interests within diverse occupations in relationships (with)in the schoolyard, resonated with conceptualisations of collective occupations as constitutive with the production of the social space.

    Study III used individual and group walking interview methods to explore with 23 children their play in two Irish primary schools, identified as disadvantaged. Using the lens of the theory of practice architectures, the analysis highlighted children’s contrasting representations of play as habitual and emerging situated relational processes. Children’s acceptance of social hierarchies, individualistic and exclusionary social practices within schoolyards generated insights into the consequences of significant constraints and normative ideas on children’s play. Play was thus interrelated with the reproduction of what was termed the “hard yard”. However, the transformative potential of play was also suggested in how shared play created possibilities for fun, solidarity, and friendship.

    Study IV drawing on earlier studies, engaged six occupational therapists from diverse sites of practice in a critical action research inquiry to interrogate existing practices and generate practice possibilities focused on play and occupational justice in Irish schoolyards. Putting the theory of practice architectures to use again, the analysis drew attention to how habitual practices interrelated with constraints including circumscribed professional identities, service expectations and cultural norms to (re)produce practice possibilities, in tension with occupational justice ideals. Furthermore, the research process using dialogical focus group and occupational mapping methods provided a mechanism for raising consciousness that (re)mattered occupations and occupational justice.

    In conclusion, this thesis contributes nuanced understandings of play as socially situated practices interrelated with significant constraints and diverse social practices (with)in the particularities of Irish schoolyards. The ways in which inequities were (re)produced in habitual, individualistic, and exclusionary practices within schoolyards, and relationships of solidarity and fun were created within shared play supports understandings of the centrality of occupations to (in)justice. The insights generated problematized inclusive practices drawing attention to normative discourses, the individualising of choices, the neglect of substantive issues, such as racism and the significance of vulnerabilities and friendships. This thesis suggests practice possibilities that extend beyond play as an individual concern to consider ethical responsibilities to raise consciousness on the relational nature of collective practices with(in) shared spaces. Furthermore, in connecting (with) theorizing on occupation as collective, the theory of practice architectures and mechanisms of raising consciousness this thesis contributes to understandings of praxis.

  • 29.
    Bergin, Michelle
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation. Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland.
    Boyle, Bryan
    Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University College Cork, Ireland.
    Lilja, Margareta
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Prellwitz, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Education and Technology, Health, Medicine and Rehabilitation.
    Exploring with children, play in Irish primary schoolyards.Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
    The full text will be freely available from 2024-05-08 09:52
  • 30.
    Berglund, Erica
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Eriksson, Marie
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Nyblivna pensionärers upplevelse av hälsa och aktivitetsbalans i vardagslivet2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Vid pensioneringen har personen lämnat sitt arbete som kan ha varit den största aktiviteten i vardagen. Det blir en omställning som kan leda till både förändrad hälsa och inverka på aktivitetsbalansen. Syfte: Studiens syfte var att undersöka hur nyblivna pensionärer upplever sin hälsa och aktivitetsbalans i vardagen. Metod: Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes med 12 nyblivna pensionärer. Intervjuerna genomfördes gemensamt av författarna med en deltagare åt gången. De transkriberade intervjuerna analyserades i två domäner med kvalitativ innehållsanalys vilket resulterade i totalt fem kategorier. Resultat: Översiktligt visade resultatet att övergången till pensioneringen i huvudsak var positiv men det fanns även en saknad efter tidigare arbetskamrater och strukturen de hade när de arbetade. Resultatet visade två domäner med kategorier. Domänen Hälsa med kategorierna: Kroppens styrka och Positiv och negativ energi. Det centrala inom domänen Hälsa visar att fysisk kapacitet och att ha energi till att utföra meningsfulla aktiviteter ger en god hälsa. Socialt nätverk, sjukdomar och väder är aspekter som påverkar hälsan. Domänen Aktivitetsbalans beskrevs inom kategorierna: Självbestämmande utan tidspress, Variationer i aktivitet och Stressorer som påverkar.  Det övergripande inom domänen Aktivitetsbalans visar att deltagarna uppfattar sig ha aktivitetsbalans när de har en självbestämmande vardag utan tidspress. Slutsats: Slutsatsen är att deltagarna upplever hälsa och aktivitetsbalans i vardagen när de har energi och fysisk kapacitet för att kunna utföra självbestämmande och meningsfulla aktiviteter utan tidspress. Med kunskap från aktuell studie och mer forskning kan arbetsterapeuter med en ökad förståelse vägleda individer i övergången till pension och ge stöd till att implementera meningsfulla aktiviteter.

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  • 31.
    Bertilsson, Ann-Sofie
    et al.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Ranner, Maria
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    von Koch, Lena
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Eriksson, Gunilla
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Speech Pathology, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Johansson, Ulla
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Development and Research, County Council of Gävleborg/Uppsala University, Gävle, Sweden.
    Ytterberg, Charlotte
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Guidetti, Susanne
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
    Tham, Kerstin
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.
    A client-centred ADL intervention: three-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial2014In: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, ISSN 1103-8128, E-ISSN 1651-2014, Vol. 21, p. 377-391Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: The aim was to study a client-centred activities of daily living (ADL) intervention (CADL) compared with the usualADL intervention (UADL) in people with stroke regarding: independence in ADL, perceived participation, life satisfaction,use of home-help service, and satisfaction with training and, in their significant others, regarding: caregiver burden, lifesatisfaction, and informal care. Methods: In this multicentre study, 16 rehabilitation units were randomly assigned to deliverCADL or UADL. The occupational therapists who provided the CADL were specifically trained. Eligible for inclusion werepeople with stroke treated in a stroke unit £3 months after stroke, dependent in ‡two ADL, not diagnosed with dementia, andable to understand instructions. Data were collected at inclusion and three months thereafter. To detect a significant differencebetween the groups in the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) domain “participation”, 280 participants were required. Intention-totreatanalysis was applied. Results: At three months, there was no difference in the outcomes between the CADL group(n = 129) and the UADL group (n = 151), or their significant others (n = 87/n = 93) except in the SIS domain “emotion” infavour of CADL (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The CADL does not appear to bring about short-term differences in outcomes andlonger follow-ups are required.

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  • 32.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Aktivitet: Aktivitetsmönster och dess relation till upplevd tillfredsställelse med livet i allmänhet2007Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 33.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Aktivitet: Distriktsarbetsterapeuters etiska dilemma vid hemrehabilitering1997Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 34.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Health-Promoting Personal Projects of Old Persons in Northern Sweden2016In: 1st CONTEC-ENOTHE Congress: National University of Ireland, Galway 15-19 June 2016, 2016, p. 203-Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 35.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Occupational Value Experienced in Personal Projects Relevant to Old Persons' Health and Well-Being2016Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 36.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Temporal patterns of daily occupations and personal projects relevant for older persons’ subjective health: a health promotive perspective2015Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Engagement in daily occupations has been shown to positively influence subjective health of older persons, but there is little knowledge of how such daily occupations should be temporally structured. This thesis is guided by two concepts to explore the temporal structure of daily occupations. Firstly, the concept temporal patterns of daily occupations are used to focus internal relationships and temporal order of daily occupations during 24-hour sequences. Secondly, the concept personal projects are used to focus sets of intentionally performed occupations structured to reach short- or long-term goals of a year. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop knowledge and understanding of temporal patterns of daily occupations and personal projects relevant for older persons’ health and well-being. This thesis includes four studies, according to a multi method sequential design. Participants in all four studies were recruited from retirement organizations in two municipalities in northern Sweden and all of them are living in their private urban or rural homes. For Study I and II, data of daily occupations and of health and well-being were collected from 151 older adults using open time-diaries completed for one week and two health questionnaires. A time-geographic method was used to analyze data from the time-diaries and descriptive and analytic statistics are applied for further analysis including the additional data from the two health questionnaires. The aim of Study I was to expand the knowledge regarding temporal patterns of daily occupations and to explore and describe older Swedish adults´ daily occupations from such a temporal pattern and time-use perspective. In Study I the temporal pattern of daily occupations of older persons was identified as real time-use and added time-use during 24-hour sequences. The pattern of real time-use showed i)a daily routine of six intervals ii) characteristic profiles illustrating number of participants in categorized occupations and iii) a pattern of merged categories of occupations. The pattern of added time-use for frequencies and durations of the 24-hour sequence showed a hierarchical structure with the highest frequencies and durations shown for care for oneself occupations followed by reflection and recreation, home-keeping, procure and prepare food, and transportation occupations (Study I). The aim of Study II was to identify characteristics of temporal patterns of daily occupations that could be related to high and low health among older adults in northern Sweden. The temporal pattern of daily occupations of older persons, identified as real time-use and added time-use during 24-hour sequences, showed similar patterns for groups of older persons reporting high and low health. Persons of high health reported higher frequencies and longer durations for home-keeping, procure and prepare food, and transportation occupations and lower frequencies and shorter durations for care for oneself and reflection and recreation occupations compared to the low health group (Study II). For Study III and IV, data of personal projects relevant for health and well-being were collected by interviews with 11 older persons selected from the high health subgroup in Study II. Data was analyzed by content analysis. The aim of Study III was to explore personal projects described by older persons in northern Sweden relevant to health and well-being during the forthcoming year. A coherent project system was developed. This system was structured as five core projects representing fourteen personal projects each including two to five sequential occupations, relevant to subjective health during the forthcoming year. The project system was anchored by the core projects: keeping the family together; enjoying one’s life at home; being close to nature; cultivating oneself; and promoting conditions for healthy ageing (Study III). In Study IV variations in occupational value were interpreted from older people´s personal projects relevant for health and well-being the forthcoming year. Variations in occupational value were identified from expressions in the 14 personal projects. Value dimensions of concrete and symbolic value were identified as the most frequently expressed and self-rewarding value as the least frequently expressed. Variations in occupational value within each personal project were shown as profiles of occupational value constructing the core projects. Profiles of occupational value of the core project cultivating one-self were dominated by concrete value while the remaining core projects were dominated by symbolic value (Study IV). Conclusions: This thesis contributes with knowledge of temporal patters of daily occupations described as real and added time-use during 24-hour sequences and the characteristics of such pattern showed for high health. Furthermore, it highlights a structure for a coherent project system relevant for occupational health during a year and the imbedded occupational value. This knowledge of the older persons’ structure and experiences of occupations may be used for promoting occupational health in different contexts. Keywords: elderly, temporal routines, structure of occupations, real time-use, added time-use, time-geographic method, core projects, personal projects, occupational value, health and well-being.

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  • 37.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Erlandsson, Lena-Karin
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Lilja, Margareta
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Gard, Gunvor
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Temporal Patterns of Daily Occupations Related to Older Adults' Health in Northern Sweden2015In: Journal of Occupational Science, ISSN 1442-7591, E-ISSN 2158-1576, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 127-145Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of temporal patterns of daily occupations that could be related to high and low subjective health among older adults in Northern Sweden. A cross-sectional design imprinted by time-geographic methodology was used and participants 70 years and older were purposively selected and divided into groups of high and low health using the SoC-29 and SF-36 questionnaires. Daily occupations data were registered and analysed using VISUAL Time-PAcTS and related to health conditions using SPSS. The results showed that the participants in the high- and low-health groups showed similar patterns of participation in occupations during the 24-hour sequences describing their daily routines. Some differences in patterns of frequency and duration of occupations were shown between health groups during the 24-hour sequences as well as within six intervals. The low-health group showed higher frequencies and longer durations for “care for oneself” and “reflection and recreation” occupations and lower for “house-keeping” and “procure and prepare food” occupations compared to the high-health groups. There were few significant differences between the high- and low-health groups' mean durations for occupations. The results of this study could contribute to the support and assistance of occupations of older adults in society.

  • 38.
    Björklund, Cecilia
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Gard, Gunvor
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Lilja, Margareta
    Division of Occupational Therapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institute.
    Erlandsson, Lena-Karin
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Temporal Patterns of Daily Occupations among Older Adults in Northern Sweden2014In: Journal of Occupational Science, ISSN 1442-7591, E-ISSN 2158-1576, Vol. 21, no 2, p. 143-160Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This study sought to expand knowledge regarding patterns of daily occupations and, specifically, to explore and describe the daily occupations of Swedish people aged over 70 years by investigating sequences, contexts and time-use. A cross-sectional design with a time-geographic approach was used. Open time diaries from 151 participants were collected and analysed using the software VISUAL-TimePAcTS. The results were illustrated as a routine of six pooled intervals during 24-hour sequences. The intervals comprised different lengths of time and each interval was dominated by different occupations. Night was dominated by ‘care for oneself’; morning by ‘house-keeping’ and ‘reflection and recreation’; lunch-time by care for oneself; afternoon by ‘reflection and recreation’; dinner/tea-time by ‘care for oneself’, and evening by ‘reflection and recreation’. The results were also illustrated as characteristic profiles of occupations visualised by the number of participants in each occupation during 24-hour sequences. Occupations were mainly supported by the home environment. Summed time-use showed the highest proportions in ‘care for oneself’ and ‘reflection and recreation’ occupations. To what extent health and well-being experiences of patterns of daily occupations might be related to challenges and fulfilment of basic occupational needs requires further investigation

  • 39.
    Blauwet, Cheri A.
    et al.
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
    Lexell, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Derman, Wayne
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; Institute for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Division of Orthopaedics, Stellenbosch University, South Africa; and International Olympic Committee (IOC) Research Centre, South Africa.
    Idrisova, Guzel
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and Lesgaft National State University of Physical Education, Sport and Health, St. Petersburg, Russia; National Paralympic Committee of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
    Kissick, James
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Carleton University Sport Medicine Clinic, Ottawa, Canada.
    Stomphorst, Jaap
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and Sports Medicine Department, Isala Klinieken, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
    Wosornu, Yetsa Tuakli
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
    van der Vliet, Peter
    Medical Committee and Medical and Scientific Department, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn.
    Webborn, Nick
    Medical Committee, International Paralympic Committee, Bonn, Germany; and School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom.
    The Road to Rio: Medical and Scientific Perspectives on the 2016 Paralympic Games2016In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563, Vol. 8, no 8, p. 798-801Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In August and September of this year, the world will turn its attention to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the 2016 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games. Of interest to physiatrists, the Paralympic Games will take place from September 7 to 18, with an estimated total of 4 billion viewers. In the United States, for the first time in history, the Summer Games will be broadcast over a total of 66 hours on NBCUniversal. The Paralympic Games represent the pinnacle of elite sport for athletes with disabilities while also changing perceptions around the importance of grassroots sport and physical activity opportunities for the disability community more broadly.It is no secret that the planning and preparation for the Rio Games has brought with it a number of challenges—the Zika virus, water quality, construction delays, and the oft-tenuous state of the Brazilian political system, to name a few. In some respects, these challenges are important as they stimulate discourse about the future of the Olympic and Paralympic Movement. In Paralympic sport, some of our current and most salient challenges are rooted in principles of sports medicine and science, as outlined herein. Because it is imperative to uphold the highest standards of athlete health and safety at the Games, this presents an unparalleled opportunity for the voice of physiatrists to come to the fore. As experts in disability and functional performance, neurologic and musculoskeletal rehabilitation, and sports medicine, we uniquely are suited to make an important and timely impact on Paralympic sport. Here, we provide a snapshot of what to watch out for in Rio.

  • 40.
    Bontje, Peter
    et al.
    Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University.
    Asaba, Eric
    Department of Occupational Therapy, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University.
    Josephsson, Staffan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab. Karolinska institute, Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska institutet, Sektionen för arbetsterapi.
    Balancing struggles with desired results in everyday activities: strategies for elderly persons with physical disabilities2016In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, ISSN 0283-9318, E-ISSN 1471-6712, Vol. 30, no 1, p. 154-163Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The number of elderly persons with disabilities needing support with everyday activities increasing in Japan and around the world. Yet, engagement in everyday activities can support the quality of their daily life. Despite research focusing on reported meanings of people's actions, there is still limited knowledge on how engagement in everyday activity is enacted along with the meanings of persons’ actions. The aim of the present study was to identify meanings of persons’ actions within everyday activities of elderly Japanese with physical disabilities. Five elderly persons with physical disabilities living in the community participated in this study. Data were gathered by 10 participant observations of everyday activities supplemented with 13 unstructured interviews. Narrative analysis was used to identify meanings of persons’ actions. The analysis identified an overall plot termed ‘balancing struggles with desired results’. This plot illustrated that participants’ and other involved individuals balanced problematic situations with finding situations that accommodated their needs. Meanings of these actions were further identified as three complementary strategies. Two of three strategies aimed to mitigate given problems, one by ‘acting on a plan to achieve one's goals’, the other by ‘taking a step in a preferred direction by capitalising on emerging opportunities’. The third strategy focused on avoiding undesirable experiences by ‘modifying problematic situations’. In conclusion, these findings call for care and rehabilitation providers’ sensitivity to shifting foci of what matters in daily life's situations as well as aligning with persons’ skills, resources and perspectives. Accordingly, the judicious and flexible use of these complementary strategies can enhance elderly persons’ quality of daily living through everyday activities.

  • 41.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Lund University Hospital, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Institutionen för hälsa, vård och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital.
    Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt
    Lunds universitet, Lund University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital.
    Lexell, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Determinants of falls and fear of falling in ambulatory persons with late effects of polio2017In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563, Vol. 9, no 5, p. 455-463Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BackgroundFalls and fear of falling (FOF) are common in persons with late effects of polio but there is limited knowledge of associated factors.ObjectiveTo determine how knee muscle strength, dynamic balance and gait performance (adjusted for gender, age and BMI) are associated with falls and FOF in persons with late effects of polio.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingA university hospital outpatient clinic.ParticipantsEighty-one ambulatory persons with verified late effects of polio (43 men; mean age 67 years).Main Outcome MeasurementsNumber of falls the past year, Falls Efficacy Scale –International (FES-I) to assess FOF, a Biodex dynamometer to measure knee muscle strength, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test to assess dynamic balance and the Six Minute Walk test (6MWT) to assess gait performance. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for falls (categorical data) and linear regression analyses for FOF (continuous data) as dependent variables.ResultsFifty-nine % reported at least one fall during the past year and 79% experienced FOF. Reduced knee muscle strength in the more affected limb and gait performance were determinants of falls. An increase of 10 Nm in knee flexor and knee extensor strength reduced the OR between 0.70 and 0.83 (P=.01), and an increase of 100 meter in 6MWT reduced the OR to 0.41 (P=.001). All factors were determinants of FOF; reduced knee muscle strength in the more and less affected limbs explained 17% to 25% of the variance in FOF, dynamic balance 30% and gait performance 41%. Gender, age and BMI only marginally influenced the results.ConclusionsReduced gait performance, knee muscle strength and dynamic balance are to a varying degree determinants of falls and FOF in ambulatory persons with late effects of polio. Future studies need to evaluate if rehabilitation programs targeting these factors can reduce falls and FOF in this population. 

  • 42.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Lund University Hospital, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Institutionen för hälsa, vård och samhälle, Lunds universitet, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital.
    Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt
    Lunds universitet, Lund University, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Lexell, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehabilitation.
    Muscle Weakness and Perceived Disability of Upper Limbs in Persons With Late Effects of Polio2016In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563, Vol. 8, no 9, p. 825-832Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Muscle weakness in one or both upper limbs is common in persons with previous polio, but there is very limited knowledge how it influences daily life. Objective: To assess muscle weakness and self-perceived disability of the upper limbs in persons with late effects of polio and evaluate their association. Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: University hospital outpatient clinic. Participants: Twenty-eight persons (mean age 67, SD 16 years) with late effects of polio in their upper limbs. Main Outcome Measures: A fixed dynamometer (Biodex System 3 PRO dynamometer (Biodex Medical Systems Inc., Shirley, NY) was used to measure isometric shoulder abduction and elbow flexion, as well as isokinetic concentric elbow flexion and extension. A hand-held dynamometer (Grippit, Hägersten, Sweden) was used to measure isometric grip strength. The Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire was used to assess self-perceived disability of the upper limbs. The relationships between the measures were analyzed with the Spearman rank correlation coefficients (rho). Results: The participants were 20%-31% weaker in their more-affected upper limb compared with their less-affected limb. The DASH score was on average 33.5 (SD 18.6), indicating a mild-to-moderate disability of their upper limbs. Changing a lightbulb overhead, carrying a heavy object, and performing recreational activities that required muscle force with the arms were perceived as most difficult. The correlations (rho) between the muscle strength measurements and DASH scores ranged from -0.46 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] -0.10 to -0.71) to -0.61 (95% CI -0.31 to -0.80) for the more affected upper limb, and from -0.54 (95% CI -0.21 to -0.76) to -0.68 (95% CI -0.41 to -0.84) for the less affected upper limb (P < .05-.01). Conclusions: Persons with previous polio and muscle weakness in their upper limbs perceive difficulties to use their arms in daily life, especially when performing activities above their head and strenuous household or leisure activities. The fair-to-moderate correlations of muscle strength with self-perceived disability imply that the weakness can only partially explain the perceived disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand. Other factors are therefore important to consider in the rehabilitation of persons with late effects of polio and upper limb disability. © 2016 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.

  • 43.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    flansbjer, Ulla-Britt
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Lexell, Jan
    Self-reported walking ability in persons with chronic stroke and the relationship with gait performance tests2012In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563, Vol. 4, no 10, p. 734-738Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To assess self-reported walking ability in individuals with chronic stroke and to determine the relationship with gait performance tests. Design: Descriptive analysis of a convenience sample. Setting: A university hospital rehabilitation medicine clinic. Participants: Fifty ambulatory community-dwelling poststroke individuals (mean age, 64 years [range, 44-74 years] and mean time since stroke onset 42 months [range, 6-101 months]). Main Outcome Measures: The Walking Impact Scale (the Walk-12) to assess self-reported walking ability, and the Timed "Up & Go" test, 10-m Comfortable Gait Speed and Fast Gait Speed tests, and 6-Minute Walk Test to assess gait performance. Results: A majority of the participants (94%) reported limitations in their walking ability. The most common limitations were related to standing or walking, walking speed and distance, effort, and gait quality aspects. The ability to run was reported as most affected, whereas the need for support indoors or outdoors was least affected. Significant correlations (. P < .01) were found between the Walk-12 and the 4 gait performance tests (ρ = -0.60 to 0.60). Conclusions: Persons with chronic stroke perceive limitations in their walking ability. The relationship between the Walk-12 and the 4 gait performance tests indicates that self-reports and quantitative assessments are associated. Because the Walk-12 reflects broader dimensions than the gait performance tests, it can be a complementary tool when walking ability in persons with chronic stroke is evaluated.

  • 44.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital.
    Lexell, Jan
    Effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle-resistance training after stroke2012In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563, Vol. 4, no 11, p. 901-907Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability. The physical and cognitive impairments after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke often lead to activity limitations and participation restrictions. Many persons after stroke have a sedentary lifestyle, are physically inactive, and have a low fitness level. Physical fitness training is known to be beneficial for persons with a number of comorbid conditions or risk factors for stroke. Although exercise and physical activity are considered valuable, the evidence of their benefits after stroke is still insufficient. In this review, we summarize published randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle-resistance training after stroke on physical function, activity, participation, life satisfaction, and mood. We discuss various barriers that can impede the ability to perform exercise, and the importance of reducing these barriers to increase physical fitness levels after the completion of usual stroke rehabilitation, thereby enhancing leisure, well-being, and participation in society

  • 45.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Box 157, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Lexell, Jan
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
    Lundgren-Nilsson, Åsa
    Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
    Construct Validity of a New Rating Scale for Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio2013In: PM&R, ISSN 1934-1482, E-ISSN 1934-1563Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective: To evaluate the construct validity of a new rating scale for self-reported impairments in persons with late effects of polio. Design: Psychometric analysis of data on self-perceived impairments in persons with prior polio. Participants: Two hundred and seventy-three persons with prior polio (119 men and 154 women; mean age, 63.5 years). Method: Rasch analysis of a 13-item rating scale with 5 response categories, in which the participants rated how much they have been bothered by various post-polio-related impairments during the past 2 weeks. Results: The initial analysis showed disordered categories, misfit with some of the items, multidimensionality, and local dependency. After adjustment of the categories, which resulted in a 4-category rating scale, fit to the model was achieved, but the scale still showed signs of multidimensionality. Analyses of local dependency revealed correlations among some of the items, which resulted in a 5 testlet solution, which gave fit to the model and unidimensionality. Conclusion: After adjustment of the categories and local dependency, this new rating scale, Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio, can be considered as unidimensional. The good psychometric properties implies that the Self-Reported Impairments in Persons With Late Effects of Polio scale could be a useful rating scale that would increase our understanding of the impairments that persons with late effects of polio can experience. With further refinements, this scale may assist in the planning and evaluation of appropriate rehabilitation interventions.

  • 46.
    Brogårdh, Christina
    et al.
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Lexell, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Sjödahl Hammarlund, Catharina
    Department of Health Sciences, Lund University.
    Experiences of falls and strategies to manage the consequences of falls in persons with late effects of polio: a qualitative study2017In: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, ISSN 1650-1977, E-ISSN 1651-2081, Vol. 49, no 8, p. 652-658Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE:

    To explore how persons with late effects of polio experience falls and what strategies they use to manage the consequences of falls.

    DESIGN:

    A qualitative study with face-to-face interviews. Data were analysed by systematic text condensation.

    PARTICIPANTS:

    Fourteen ambulatory persons (7 women; mean age 70 years) with late effects of polio.

    RESULTS:

    Analysis resulted in one main theme, "Everyday life is a challenge to avoid the consequences of falls", and 3 categories with 7 subcategories. Participants perceived that falls were unpredictable and could occur anywhere. Even slightly uneven surfaces could cause a fall, and increased impairments following late effects of polio led to reduced movement control and an inability to adjust balance quickly. Physical injuries were described after the falls, as well as emotional and psychological reactions, such as embarrassment, frustration and fear of falling. Assistive devices, careful planning and strategic thinking were strategies to prevent falls, together with adaptation and social comparisons to mitigate the emotional reactions.

    CONCLUSION:

    Experiences of falls greatly affect persons with late effects of polio in daily life. To reduce falls and fall-related consequences both problem-focused and emotion-focused strategies are used. In order to increase daily functioning, these findings should be included in a multifaceted falls management programme.

  • 47.
    Bränholm, Inga-Britt
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Institutionen för Rehabiliteringsmedicin.
    Andersson, Marit
    Piteå älvdals sjukhus.
    Larsson, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Långtidssjukskrivning förändrar livet1995In: Läkartidningen, ISSN 0023-7205, E-ISSN 1652-7518, Vol. 92, no 23, p. 2421-2124Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 48.
    Bränholm, Inga-Britt
    et al.
    Umeå universitet, Institutionen för Rehabiliteringsmedicin.
    Andersson, Marita
    Hortlax vårdcentral.
    Larsson, Maria
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences, Health and Rehab.
    Arbetsterapeutisk bedömning vid kort- och långtidssjukskrivning1994In: Rehab Arcticus, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 6-10Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 49.
    Burman, Linnéa
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health, Learning and Technology.
    Yoga inom strokerehabilitering - ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv: En litteraturöversikt2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Bakgrund: Stroke är en av de främsta orsakerna till funktionshinder i världen. Det drabbar framför allt äldre, och kan leda till stora hinder i aktivitet. Yoga inom strokerehabilitering är ett område som det fortfarande inte forskats mycket på. Syfte: Att analysera och sammanställa befintlig vetenskap om yoga inom strokerehabilitering. Att ta reda på i vilka skeden av strokerehabilitering yoga används, hur det används som intervention, och att redogöra för effekter av yoga samt upplevelser av yoga och dess betydelse. Metod: Artiklarna som litteraturöversikten grundas på söktes fram genom databaserna PubMed, Cinahl, Ahmed och Psycinfo. Elva artiklar som matchade urvalskriterierna valdes ut och klarade kvalitetsgranskning. Resultat: Tio av de elva studierna använde yoga i kroniskt skede. Rote practise var den interventionsform som förekom mest, men även Aktivitetsfokuserad utbildning. Effekterna var mestadels ej signifikanta, förutom avseende vissa delar av fysisk funktion. Deltagarnas upplevelser var till stor del positiva och yoga upplevdes över lag vara betydelsefullt. Slutsats: Sammantaget är evidensen låg då mycket av resultaten ur de kvantitativa studierna saknar signifikans. Dock framkommer positiva upplevelser av yoga bland deltagare i de kvalitativa studierna. Fler och mer omfattande studier behövs för att tydliggöra effekterna av yoga för personer som haft stroke. 

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  • 50.
    Bäckman, Elenor
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Salehi, Jasmine
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Health Sciences.
    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av resor med buss för individer med synnedsättning2020Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this study was to describe occupational therapists' experiences of the opportunities and obstacles that existed in the bus traffic for individuals with visual impairments. The study adopted a qualitative approach. Criteria were set for selection in which eleven occupational therapists with at least one year's experience of working with individuals with visual impairment participated. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and then analyzed based on a qualitative content analysis. The analysis resulted in three categories: The importance of the environment on bus traveling, The importance of personal factors on bus traveling and Personal aids to use when traveling by bus. The result revealed that there are many opportunities and obstacles in the surroundings and that the experience of individuals with visual impairments affects their performance of activities. Moreover, there are many aids to use to facilitate bus activity. The conclusion indicated that there are more obstacles than opportunities in the environment for individuals with visual impairment and that intended opportunities could also be obstacles. Furthermore, it was stated that there should be professions included in the social planning who have knowledge of various disabilities and their needs, something that an occupational therapist can contribute with. 

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