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  • 1.
    Abbu, Muthanna
    et al.
    Building and Construction Engineering Deptartment, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq.
    Al-Ataar, Alyaa A.
    Building and Construction Engineering Deptartment, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq.
    Abd Alrahman, Saad
    Building and Construction Engineering Deptartment, Northern Technical University, Mosul, Iraq.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    The mechanical properties of lightweight (volcanic pumice) concrete containing fibers with exposure to high temperatures2023Inngår i: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials, ISSN 2191-0243, Vol. 32, nr 1, artikkel-id 20220249Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Fires are considered one of the main risks leading to building collapse. Lightweight concrete comprises a variety of components, each of which has a distinct behavior under the effect of temperature change. A total of sixteen concrete mixtures were investigated in this paper. A reference mix of concrete comprising simply ordinary Portland cement and ten mixes having varying percentages of fine and coarse lightweight aggregates (pumice), which were replaced gravel and sand by fine pumice and coarse aggregates pumice by 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%, respectively. In addition, the study focused on the effects of adding fibers to lightweight aggregate concrete mixtures. Polypropylene fibers, carbon fibers, and steel fibers were employed as fiber additions. The binary mixture had higher density than the remaining mixtures containing one substitute. The behavior of six concrete mixes in addition to the reference mix of ordinary concrete after exposure to temperatures 100, 250, 350 and 450 °C for two hours and then cooled in two ways (water and air) as well as examined directly and the results showed that the concrete mixes containing fiber better behavior compared to other mixtures, especially at high temperature. If left to cool in the air, the lightweight concrete containing Volcanic Pumice can recover its compression strength after being exposed to high temperatures.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 2.
    Abdeldjouad, Lokmane
    et al.
    EVRNZA Laboratory, University of Ouargla, Ouargla, Algeria; Department of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Ouargla, Ouargla, Algeria.
    Dheyab, Wisam
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Asadi, Afshin
    EnvoGéotechnique Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand.
    Shukla, Sanjay Kumar
    Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering Research Group, School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
    Thermal curing effects on alkali-activated treated soils with palm oil fuel ash2023Inngår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials, E-ISSN 2214-5095, Vol. 19, artikkel-id e02455Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Regarding the significance of binder quantity, alkali activator molarities, and thermal curing, this work was utilized to geopolymerize with a potassium-based alkaline activator to strengthen soils. Five different molarities of palm oil fuel ash (POFA) in four different amounts were utilized to activate the clayey soil. POFA admixtures have been used to test soils. The results showed that for mixtures with 10 and 12.5 molarities, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) with 15 % and 20 % of POFA was stronger. Comparing the strengths of the blends with various POFA amounts and concentration molarities allowed for this determination. To increase the strength, it is crucial to consider how the geopolymerization method's temperature and curing time affect the UCS of the soil-POFA mixture with and without fibers. The UCS of the treated soil mixtures was changed by heating at 30, 50, 70, and 90 degrees C. The outcomes demonstrate that increasing the curing temperature will hasten the alkaline activation process. After seven days of heating, the treated soil specimens with and without fibers exhibit the best mechanical properties at a healing temperature of about 70 degrees C, with compressive strengths of 16.7 and 11.4 MPa. The interaction between the geo-polymeric matrix and the fiber surface, the molarities of the alkaline solution, and the heating temperature were the most important aspects, according to an investigation of the microstructures, in improving the behavior of the reinforced mixes. By offering an efficient approach for increasing the qualities of soil treated by the alkali activation of POFA through the inclusion of glass fibers with adequate molarities of reagent and cure heating temperature, the current work offers new insights into soil stabilization operations. This has advantages over conventional calcium-based binders due to their emission of carbon dioxide during manufacture, which is one of the major causes of global warming.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 3.
    Abdulhameed, Ali A.
    et al.
    Department of Reconstruction and Projects, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
    Hason, Mahir M.
    Disaster Information Management Centre, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
    Sharba, Amjad Ali K.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Hanoon, Ammar N.
    Department of Reconstruction and Projects, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq.
    Amran, Mugahed
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, 9677 Amran, Yemen.
    Magbool, Hassan M.
    Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Experimental and environmental investigations of the impacts of wood sawdust on the performance of reinforced concrete composite beams2023Inngår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials, E-ISSN 2214-5095, Vol. 19, artikkel-id e02550Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    It has been established that using recycled materials to replace some of the fine aggregates is a viable solution. Most researchers focused on the durability aspect of wood sawdust concrete, while less information is available on its structural performance. Therefore, this article aimed to investigate the performance of reinforced concrete beams fabricated from concrete with a partially replaced fine aggregate (FA) by wood sawdust (WS) in the range of 5–45 % (by weight). Six beams underwent 4-point bending tests till collapse. The beams' slump, density, compressive strength, cracking and failure mode, energy absorption, and economic and environmental aspects were studied. The findings showed that the failure region of sawdust concrete was more significant than the reference samples. Despite the compressive strength of the concrete containing different ratios of sawdust being reduced by about 7–30 %, the target compressive strength still has a limit of low to normal concrete grade. The results show that the increase in sawdust percentages decreased the acquired absorbed energy of the subjected load to reach failure. A cost reduction of 9 % and a cost index of 61 % is achieved using wooden sawdust-based concrete. By substituting sawdust for fine aggregate, the sustainability of sawdust concrete in terms of cost and environmental advantages may be improved. In addition, it is well-known that harnessing the transformative potential of industrial waste in concrete production not only minimizes landfill usage, but also promotes resource efficiency, reduces carbon emissions, and advances the circular economy, propelling designers, engineering and builders towards a greener and more sustainable future in the construction industry. According to the test findings, wood sawdust may be utilized to produce normal and low-strength structural concrete.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 4.
    Abdullah, Gamil M. S.
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, P.O. 1988, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
    Ahmad, Mahmood
    Institute of Energy Infrastructure, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000, Kajang, Malaysia; Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology Peshawar (Bannu Campus), Bannu, 28100, Pakistan.
    Babur, Muhammad
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
    Badshah, Muhammad Usman
    Water Wing, Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA), WAPDA House Peshawar, Peshawar, 25000, Pakistan.
    Al-Mansob, Ramez A.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Gombak, 50728, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Fawad, Muhammad
    Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland; Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
    Boosting-based ensemble machine learning models for predicting unconfined compressive strength of geopolymer stabilized clayey soil2024Inngår i: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 14, nr 1, artikkel-id 2323Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The present research employs new boosting-based ensemble machine learning models i.e., gradient boosting (GB) and adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) to predict the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of geopolymer stabilized clayey soil. The GB and AdaBoost models were developed and validated using 270 clayey soil samples stabilized with geopolymer, with ground-granulated blast-furnace slag and fly ash as source materials and sodium hydroxide solution as alkali activator. The database was randomly divided into training (80%) and testing (20%) sets for model development and validation. Several performance metrics, including coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean squared error (MSE), were utilized to assess the accuracy and reliability of the developed models. The statistical results of this research showed that the GB and AdaBoost are reliable models based on the obtained values of R2 (= 0.980, 0.975), MAE (= 0.585, 0.655), RMSE (= 0.969, 1.088), and MSE (= 0.940, 1.185) for the testing dataset, respectively compared to the widely used artificial neural network, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, multivariable regression, and multi-gen genetic programming based models. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis result shows that ground-granulated blast-furnace slag content was the key parameter affecting the UCS.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 5.
    Abdullha, Khalid A.
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq.
    Abdullha, Aziz I.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Tikrit University, Tikrit, Iraq.
    Abdul-Razzak, Ayad A.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Mechanical properties, thermal and chemical effect of polymer cotton bars reinforced with carbon / glass fiber2022Inngår i: Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, ISSN 1448-4846Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Many researchers are interested in using natural fibres to treat due to recent advancements in polymer characteristics. The mechanical properties of three types of bars are studied in this paper: Cotton Fibre-Reinforced Polymer bars, Cotton/Carbon Fibre-Reinforced Polymer bars, and Cotton/Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer bars. The goal of the paper was to create low-cost bars with comparable mechanical performance and corrosion resistance to steel reinforcement. The bars were made using two methods: fibres immersed in polymer and fibres coated with polymer by repeated tension and relaxation of fibres. The second method produced better results in terms of the tensile strength of Cot.CFRP, Cot.GFRP, and Cot.FRP bars, which were 688, 477, and 284 MPa, respectively, and the stress–strain curve revealed brittle behaviour for all bars and modulus of elasticity of 43, 31 and 22 GPa. When sand was put on the bar’s surface, the bars demonstrated a good connection with the concrete. It also showed good resistance to moisture, alkaline solutions and acids, as well as heat resistance at temperatures below 200°C.

  • 6.
    Abkar, Mahdi Mohammed Abdullah
    et al.
    Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Parit Raja, Malaysia.
    Yunus, Riduan
    Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Parit Raja, Malaysia.
    Al-Shameri, Ahmed Saleh Ahmed Saif
    Faculty of Technology Management & Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Parit Raja, Malaysia.
    Harouache, Ahmed
    Faculty of Technology Management & Business, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Johor, Parit Raja, Malaysia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
    An empirical investigation of automation technology as material waste mitigation measure at Johor construction sites2023Inngår i: Frontiers in Built Environment, E-ISSN 2297-3362, Vol. 9, artikkel-id 1232195Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Automation technology in the construction industry is the use of advanced tools, devices, and processes that reduce manual labor and enhance efficiency in various construction activities. Automation technology can minimize waste, optimize resource utilization, and reduce the environmental impact of construction processes. This study aims to examine the relationship between automation technology adoptions (ATAs) utilizing reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R), building information modeling (BIM), industrialized building systems (IBSs), green building index (GBI), and Internet of Things (IoT) practices toward construction site performance (CSP) to measure their influences on material waste mitigation measures at Johor construction sites. To achieve these goals, five hypotheses were developed to explore the association between ATA and CSP. Data were gathered utilizing an online survey. The participants were contractors and expert practitioners in the Johor construction industry, including architects, project managers, and academicians/researchers. A total of 257 valid responses were used to investigate the assumptions. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) procedure was used. The findings revealed that ATA utilizing 3R, BIM, IBS, GBI, and IoT as material mitigation measures positively enhances CSP.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 7.
    Abolhasani, Hasanali
    et al.
    Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran.
    Farzi, Gholamali
    Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran.
    Davoodi, Ali
    Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 917751111, Iran.
    Vakili-Azghandi, Mojtaba
    Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Gonabad, Gonabad, 96919-57678, Iran.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Neisiany, Rasoul Esmaeely
    Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran.
    Development of self-healable acrylic water-based environmental-friendly coating as an alternative to chromates coatings2023Inngår i: Progress in organic coatings, ISSN 0300-9440, E-ISSN 1873-331X, Vol. 176, artikkel-id 107402Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this study, different coating systems, including solvent-based epoxy and water-based acrylic resins, were evaluated for their potential as an alternative to chromate coatings in order to avoid Cr(VI) toxic hazards. The resins were used as either pigment-free coatings or were formulated with 20-wt% zinc/aluminum pigments. The coatings were subsequently applied on galvanized ST12 steel plates and their corrosion resistance was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) evaluations. The effect of the binder and pigment type on the impact resistance of two different polymeric coatings was also evaluated. The results of impact tests revealed completely peeled film from the substrate for epoxy coatings. However, under the same experimental conditions, very few small cracks were created in water-based acrylic coatings for both pigmented and pigment-free cases. In addition, some other parameters such as drying time and coating cost were taken into account to select a good alternative to chromate coatings. The results of this work can facilitate the introduction of an inexpensive environmentally friendly acrylic coating as a promising self-healing alternative to chromate coating.

  • 8.
    Acosta, April Anne
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Behaviour of the Cold-formedTrapezoidal Sheet Overlap Jointin a Gerber Lapped Connection2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 9.
    Agrawal, Dhiraj
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, 441110, India.
    Waghe, Uday
    Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, 441110, India.
    Ansari, Khalid
    Department of Civil Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Hingna Road, Wanadongri, Nagpur, 441110, India.
    Amran, Mugahed
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, 9677, Amran, Yemen.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Eng., School of Eng., Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Alluqmani, Ayed E.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah, 41411, Saudi Arabia.
    Thakare, Nitin
    Department of Civil Engineering, G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nagpur, 441110, India.
    Optimization of eco-friendly concrete with recycled coarse aggregates and rubber particles as sustainable industrial byproducts for construction practices2024Inngår i: Heliyon, E-ISSN 2405-8440, Vol. 10, nr 4, artikkel-id e25923Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In this technology era, sustainable construction practices have become quite imperative. The exploration of alternative materials to reduce the environmental footprint is of paramount importance. This research paper delves into an exhaustive investigation concerning the utilization of recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and rubber particles (RP) in concrete. It contributes to the growing body of knowledge aimed at fostering sustainable development in the construction industry by reducing waste, promoting recycling, and mitigating the environmental footprint of building materials. The objective of the study is to evaluate the potential benefits and limitations associated with incorporating these materials, thereby providing a sustainable alternative to conventional concrete. In this research, construction and demolition waste were recycled and used as RCA as a fractional switch of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) from 0% to 100%, with an increment of 20% replacement of NCA in concrete. The RP received from discarded tires generated as automobile industry waste were used as a volumetric fractional substitution of sand in concrete from 0% to 20%, with a 5% increment. No pre-treatment for RCA and RP was carried out before their utilization in concrete. A total of 26 mixes, including control concrete without NCA and RP, with a design strength of 40 MPa, were prepared and tested. Concrete mixes were examined for workability, density, mechanical, and durability properties. It was found that the concrete with 60% RCA and 10% RP showed satisfactory results in evaluation with the strength parameters of control concrete, as the compressive strength obtained for this concrete mix is 40.18 MPa, similar to the control mix. The optimization for RCA and RP was conducted using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The major concern observed was a rise in water absorption with an increase in the percentage replacement of NCA and natural sand by RCA and RP. Findings from the investigation illustrate a promising prospect for the use of RCA and RP in concrete applications, displaying competent mechanical properties and enhanced durability under certain conditions, offering a viable option for environmentally friendly construction practices. However, the research also sheds light on some constraints and challenges, such as the variability in the quality of RCA and the necessity for meticulous quality control to ensure the reliability and consistency of the end product. It is discerned that further refinement in processing techniques and quality assurance measures is pivotal for mainstream adoption of RCA and RP in concrete construction.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
    fulltext
  • 10.
    Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Gonzalez, Jaime
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Andersson, Kasper
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Leidzen, Jon
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Andersson, Erik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Petersson, Mats
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Häggström, Jens
    Swedish Traffic Administration, Luleå, Sweden.
    Cracking and Fatigue of Heavy Loaded Prestressed Concrete Bridge in Sweden2022Inngår i: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering / [ed] František Wald; Pavel Ryjáček, Zürich: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 2022, s. 792-799Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A prestressed concrete bridge was built in 1963 with BBRV cables. It has three spans and a total length of 134.8 m. Due to mining activities the bridge was loaded with trucks with a total weight of 90 ton during 2012-2014 and from 2019. Crack development has been monitored manually and from 2020 with strain gauges and LVDTs.

    Cracks normally vary between 0.1 to 0.3 mm in width and grow in length with time. In November 2020 some of the strain gauges on the concrete showed alarming growth and the bridge was closed for traffic. Additional strain gauges were installed on vertical reinforcement bars and an assessment was carried out of the fatigue capacity of the bridge. It was found that the new strain gauges did not indicate any growth in strain and that the fatigue capacity was sufficient. The bridge could be opened again for traffic after being closed for five weeks. Monitoring drift in the strain gauges and fatigue are discussed.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 11.
    Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Gonzalez, Jaime
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Capacci, L.
    Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    Biondini, F.
    Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    Structural model updating of an existing concrete bridge based on load testing and monitoring data2023Inngår i: Life-Cycle of Structures and Infrastructure Systems / [ed] Fabio Biondini, Dan M. Frangopol, Taylor & Francis Group, 2023, Vol. 1, s. 3999-4006Konferansepaper (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [en]

    The backbone of European infrastructure was built after the end of the second World War and has reached, or is near to, the end of its nominal design life. This issue urges the development of structural assessment procedures that can provide infrastructure managers the information to make decisions for repairing, upgrading, or replacement. In this paper, a methodology based on load testing and Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for the assessment of a 65- year-old prestressed concrete bridge located in Northern Sweden is presented. The retrieved data is used to develop and calibrate structural models with different levels of data completeness. The SHM procedure includes the evaluation of material properties by diagnostics, definition of the layout and installation of the instrumentation, test execution, and data analysis. A preliminary structural model is developed based only on the original design parameters, and it is sequentially updated with monitoring data retrieved during a performed proof loading test of the bridge.

  • 12.
    Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Gonzalez, Jaime
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Bianchi, Silvia
    Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    Biondini, Fabio
    Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
    Kukay, Brian
    Montana Technological University, Montana, United States.
    Available Tests to evaluate Residual Prestressing Forces in Concrete Bridges2022Inngår i: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering / [ed] František Wald; Pavel Ryjáček, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 2022, s. 1123-1131Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The reduction of the structural capacity and eventual collapse of existing concrete bridges is often related to the loss of the initial prestressing forces. This loss can be associated to immediate or time dependent factors such as elastic shortening, creep, relaxation, loading, and cracking, among others. In addition, environmental factors can lead to corrosion of the strands with the subsequent reduction of their area, loss of bond with the concrete and additional cracking which in turn will influence the value of the residual prestress force and the bridge capacity. Therefore, the evaluation of such losses is critical in the decision-making process of defining a financial and environmental cost optimized intervention strategies (e.g., strengthening or replacement). In this paper, a detailed literature review regarding destructive and non-destructive methods for measuring the residual force in prestressed concrete bridges is carried out and used to develop a database of existing experimental tests.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 13.
    Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Ulfberg, Adrian
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Gonzalez-Libreros, Jaime
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Data Validation of Strain-Based Monitoring Systems in Low Temperature Conditions, Case Study: The Kalix Bridge2023Inngår i: Building for the Future: Durable, Sustainable, Resilient - Proceedings of the fib Symposium 2023 - Volume 2 / [ed] Alper Ilki; Derya Çavunt; Yavuz Selim Çavunt, Springer, 2023, Vol. 2, s. 986-995Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Over the last decades, economic growth and sustained development have enforced the need to ensure reliable and long-lasting infrastructure network to guarantee serviceability and safety. Nevertheless, detrimental effects can lead over time to insufficient structural performance under increasing service loadings and extreme events. Hence, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) arises as a solution to cope with the need of having timely and continuous data to assess the state of crucial structural assets, such as prestressed concrete bridges. On this matter, the validation of the retrieved data becomes essential for the risk-based decision making in the assessment of bridges, where selecting the most suitable monitoring system could allow to addressed main causes to the right phenomena of deterioration during the service life of the bridge. Consistently with these efforts, this paper deals with a comparative study between the data acquired by different strain-based sensors such as Fiber optic systems (FOS) and strain gauges that were installed to monitor a proof loading test developed on a 65-year-old balanced cantilever prestressed concrete bridge located in Northern Sweden. The monitored data led to establish main differences between emerging types of monitoring systems such as FOS to the well-based strain gauges when exposed to low temperature conditions. Conclusions regarding the influencing parameters between both retrieved data are drawn when evaluating the structural response under serviceability loading conditions is performed, supporting decision makers when different levels of structural assessment are required.

  • 14.
    Alagumalai, Vasudevan
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India.
    Shanmugam, Vigneshwaran
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India.
    Balasubramanian, Navin Kumar
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India.
    Krishnamoorthy, Yoganandam
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, ARM College of Engineering and Technology, Kanchipuram 603209, India.
    Ganesan, Velmurugan
    Department of Agricultural Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai 602105, India.
    Försth, Michael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Berto, Filippo
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 13 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
    Chanda, Avishek
    Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Impact response and damage tolerance of hybrid glass/kevlar-fibre epoxy structural composites2021Inngår i: Polymers, E-ISSN 2073-4360, Vol. 13, nr 16Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The present study is aimed at investigating the effect of hybridisation on Kevlar/E-Glass based epoxy composite laminate structures. Composites with 4 mm thickness and 16 layers of fibre (14 layers of E-glass centred and 2 outer layers of Kevlar) were fabricated using compression moulding technique. The fibre orientation of the Kevlar layers had 3 variations (0, 45 and 60°), whereas the E-glass fibre layers were maintained at 0° orientation. Tensile, flexural, impact (Charpy and Izod), interlaminar shear strength and ballistic impact tests were conducted. The ballistic test was performed using a gas gun with spherical hard body projectiles at the projectile velocity of 170 m/s. The pre-and post-impact velocities of the projectiles were measured using a high-speed camera. The energy absorbed by the composite laminates was further reported during the ballistic test, and a computerised tomographic scan was used to analyse the impact damage. The composites with 45° fibre orientation of Kevlar fibres showed better tensile strength, flexural strength, Charpy impact strength, and energy absorption. The energy absorbed by the composites with 45° fibre orientation was 58.68 J, which was 14% and 22% higher than the 0° and 60° oriented composites. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

  • 15.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Gonzalez-Libreros, Jaime
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Nilsson, Martin
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Quantifying the Environmental Impact of Railway Bridges Using Life Cycle Assessment: A Case Study2022Inngår i: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 2022Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    As emission regulations in the EU are becoming stricter, the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the construction industry has become a pressing need. As part of the efforts related to this issue, it has been found that Environmental Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) approaches are required to optimize the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of buildings and infrastructure assets. In this paper, The Institution of Structural Engineers guidance on how to calculate the embodied carbon in structures is used as LCA model and evaluated in a case study. The guidance divides the structure´s life cycle into five stages (A1-A3: Product, A4-A5: Construction process, B1-B7: Use, C1-C4: End of live and D: Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary) and the environmental impact is measured in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (kgCo2e) or global warming potential (GWP). The model was applied to an existing reinforced concrete trough bridge, which is a structure type commonly used in Swedish railways. Results show that that the model was effective and simple for investigating the environmental impact of the studied structure. 

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  • 16.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. College of engineering, University of Mosul, Iraq.
    Jonasson, Jan-Erik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Nilsson, Martin
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Prediction of Restraint in Second Cast Sections of Concrete Culverts using Artificial Neural Networks2018Inngår i: European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, ISSN 1964-8189, E-ISSN 2116-7214, Vol. 22, nr 2, s. 226-245Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Estimation of restraint is very important for accurately predicting the risk of early thermal and shrinkage cracking in concrete structures. The stress in young concrete is affected by changes in its dimensions during hydration and the restraint imposed by adjoining structures. In concrete culverts, the restraints from existing structures acting upon the first and second casting sections to be cast are different, causing them to exhibit different early cracking behaviour. This work presents a new method for predicting restraint in complex concrete structures using artificial neural networks (ANNs). Finite element calculations were performed to predict restraint in 108 slabs, 324 walls and 972 roofs from second sections of concrete culverts, and the results obtained were used to train and validate ANN models. The ANN models were then used to study the effects of varying selected parameters (the thickness and width of the roof and slab, the thickness and height of the walls, and the length of the culvert section) on the predicted restraint. Mathematical expressions for predicting restraint values in slabs, walls and roofs were derived based on the ANN models’ output and implemented in an Excel spreadsheet that provides a simple way of predicting restraint in practical applications. Restraint values predicted in this way agree well with the results of finite-element calculations

  • 17.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Jonasson, Jan-Erik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Nilsson, Martin
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Reducing Thermal Crack Risks Caused by Restraint in Young Concrete - A Case Study on Walls of Water Tanks2022Inngår i: Nordic Concrete Research, ISSN 0800-6377, Vol. 66, nr 1, s. 41-54Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Concrete cracks in structures such as water tanks and nuclear power stations cause anxiety to owners, contractors and engineers. These cracks may significantly increase the structure’s permeability and thus increase leakage, reduce durability, and eventually lead to loss of structural functionality. Therefore it is important to minimize their occurrence and size. To identify effective ways of minimizing cracking in young concrete segments, a parametric study was conducted using the finite element method (FEM). Parameters considered include casting sequence, joint position, wall height, and cooling. The study examined continuous and jumped casting approaches to the casting of a cylindrical reinforced concrete tank for a sewage-treatment plant, with and without the application of the ‘kicker’ technique in which the lower part of the wall is cast with the slab. The main cause of cracking is thermal change and restraint imposed by adjacent older structures, and the FEM predictions agree well with experimental observations. Continuous casting is most effective at minimizing cracking because it creates only two contact edges between newly cast and existing structures producing the lowest level of restraint. The kicker technique is shown to be very effective for reducing restraint and consider rephasing.

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  • 18.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion.
    Jonasson, Jan-Erik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Nilsson, Martin
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion.
    Reduction of Early Age Crack Risks in Concrete Walls by Using a New Casting Technique2016Inngår i: Structural Engineering International, ISSN 1016-8664, E-ISSN 1683-0350, Vol. 26, nr 3, s. 216-224Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Volumetric changes in early age concrete that are restrained might lead to cracks. The degree of restraint is influenced by the casting sequence and the dimensions of the castings. In the current study a new casting technique is proposed to reduce restraint in the newly cast concrete with a new arrangement of the structural joint to the existing old concrete. The proposed technique is valid for the typical structure wall-on-slab using one structural joint. This casting method means that lower part of the wall is cast together with the slab, and that part is called a kicker. Hereby, the behavior of the structure changes from a typical case wall-on-slab to a typical case wall-on-wall. It has been proven by the beam theory and demonstrated by numerical calculations that there is a clear reduction in the restraint from the slab to the wall using kickers. In the paper different kicker heights are studied with the aim of determining the minimum restraint in the upper part of the wall cast in contact with the kicker. The technique using kickers is compared with common measures used in the field to avoid cracking, such as cooling pipes in the new casting and/or heating cables in the adjoining old concrete. The presented method is both cost and time effective, as it opens the possibility to use larger structural length of each casting sequence.

  • 19.
    Al-Gburi, Majid
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Yusuf, Salim A.
    College of Engineering, University of Mosul, Mosul, Iraq.
    Investigate the effect of mineral additives on concrete strength using ANN2022Inngår i: Asian Journal of Civil Engineering, ISSN 1563-0854, Vol. 23, nr 3, s. 405-414Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In addition to cement, sand, gravel, and water, the current investigation of the influence ofadditives on the compressive strength of concrete at 28 days includes fly ash, silica fume, andslag. 315 concrete compositions with various amounts of additives are trained and tested using anartificial neural network. Concrete strength is largely affected by the specific gravity of cementand the specific gravity of fine and coarse particles, according to the studies. For greatercompressive strength, it is preferable to use materials with a higher specific gravity. Compressivestrength has grown as the amount of silica fumes has increased. Increased amounts of slag orsuper-plasticizer resulted in the same behavior. When the amount of fly ash was increased, thecompressive strength of the material decreased.

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  • 20.
    Al-Maliki, Hadi Naser Ghadhban
    et al.
    Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Al-Balhawi, Ali
    Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Al-Taai, Salwa R.
    Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Madhloom, Huda M.
    Civil Engineering Department, Engineering College, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Structural Behavior Of Precast High Strength Reinforced Concrete Vierendeel Truss Walls: A Numerical Approach2021Inngår i: International Journal of GEOMATE, ISSN 2186-2982, Vol. 21, nr 84, s. 137-150Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Reinforced concrete (RC) walls have been widely used in different types of civil engineering projects. Therefore, their behaviour under several kinds of loading is of utmost importance. In this study, the main objective is to investigate the behaviour of RC Vierendeel walls under the applied loads by employing numerical analyses for the studied walls. Several assumptions are adopted in these analyses to simulate the actual behaviour of Vierendeel walls, which were experimentally studied in previous investigations. The numerical results showed that the simulated numerical behaviour has a very good agreement with the experimental results of the tested models. Statically, this agreement is validated and verified in terms of the mean and standard deviation values. Therefore, the proposed numerical models and assumptions are the suitable ones to simulate the structural behaviour of these walls under the applied conditions. The structural behaviour is presented in terms of load capacity, crack pattern, deflection, and mode of failure. The results show that the reactive powder concrete (RPC) models have more resistance under the applied load in terms of deflection, cracks, and ductility index than the models of normal strength concrete (NSC). Also, the openings are the main reason for the diagonal cracking at the corners of the RC walls. The deflection in all models is a single curvature. The mode of failure for all models is shear.  

  • 21.
    Alnadish, Adham Mohammed
    et al.
    Department of Transportation and Geotechnical Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Balochistan Campus, Quetta, Pakistan.
    Katman, Herda Yati Binti
    Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, Malaysia.
    Ibrahim, Mohd Rasdan
    Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Mashaan, Nuha S.
    School of Engineering, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
    A bibliometric analysis and review on the performance of polymer-modified bitumen2023Inngår i: Frontiers in Materials, E-ISSN 2296-8016, Vol. 10, artikkel-id 1225830Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The addition of polymer to a base binder has been documented as a successful approach in terms of improving physical and rheological properties of the base bitumen. However, the main drawbacks of polymer-modified bitumen are incompatibility and degradation of polymer due to aging. This article aims to introduce a bibliometric analysis and review on modifying bitumen with polymers. Additionally, this article intent to highlight the significant gaps and recommendations for future work. Furthermore, another objective of this article is to provide a worth attempt regrading reducing the negative impact of polymer’s drawbacks on the performance of polymer-modified base binder. The findings of this article demonstrated that the test of storage stability for polymer-amended bitumen should be modified, in which the softening point of aluminum tube centerpiece should be measured to introduce a better evaluation for the storage stability of polymer-amended bitumen. In addition, the effects of kinetic factors (mixing sequence, viscosity of blend, shear rate, and time of mixing) on the compatibility of polymer-amended bitumen should be investigated. Moreover, the addition of compatibilizers and stabilizers to polymer-modified binder is recommended to improve compatibility and reduce the effect of aging on degradation of polymer.

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  • 22.
    Alniemi, Jamal
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Jämförande studie av lastnedräkningar för hand och med FEM-program2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
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  • 23.
    Al-Sarafi, A. H.
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Alias, A. H.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Jakarni, F. M.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Shafri, H. Z. M.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Building Information Modelling: Challenges, Benefits, and Prospects for Adoption in Developing Countries2023Inngår i: International Conference on Information Systems and Intelligent Applications: ICISIA 2022 / [ed] Mostafa Al-Emran; Mohammed A. Al-Sharafi; Khaled Shaalan, Springer Nature, 2023, s. 551-566Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    In the fast-expanding construction industry worldwide, building information modelling (BIM) is a robust process. However, to date, developing countries are not very well adopting the techniques proven to help significantly produce effective management of construction projects. This study reviews numerous current studies conducted on the challenges and benefits of adopting BIM. It aims to identify the challenges and benefits of BIM. Additional focus was given to developing countries since fewer documented articles were found in the literature. However, many challenges are identified which hinder BIM adoption to full potential, particularly in developing countries. The most common findings proposed five critical benefits of BIM adoption, namely: i) improved data management (rich) information; ii) improved visualization of project execution; iii) clash detection; iv) reducing waste in the material; v) reducing the financial risk associated with the project in order by obtaining earlier reliable cost estimates. Likewise, the most common findings defined five major BIM adoption obstacles are: i) resilience to change industry culture; ii) high Investment cost; iii) lack of client demand; iv) absence of stakeholder collaboration; v) lack of awareness. It was found that there is a considerable benefit gained by those construction organizations already practicing the information modelling. Most of the organizations that adopted BIM are situated in European countries, followed by the united states of America. Thus, future work should focus on how to raise the level of awareness and general adaptability, especially in developing nations.

  • 24.
    Alshaeer, Honin Ali Yahya
    et al.
    Jamilus Research Centre for Sustainable Construction (JRC-SC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia.
    Irwan, J. M.
    Jamilus Research Centre for Sustainable Construction (JRC-SC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia.
    Alshalif, Abdullah Faisal
    Jamilus Research Centre for Sustainable Construction (JRC-SC), Faculty of Civil Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia.
    Noman, Efaq Ali
    Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen; Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Institute of Integrated Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
    Amran, Mugahed
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, Amran University, 9677 Amran, Yemen.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar, Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Alhokabi, Abdulmajeed
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali
    Micropollutant Research Centre (MPRC), Institute of Integrated Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia.
    Optimisation of compressive strength of foamed concrete with a novel Aspergillus iizukae EAN605 fungus2023Inngår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials, E-ISSN 2214-5095, Vol. 19, artikkel-id e02400Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The production of concrete by incorporating a microorganism has emerged as a promising research area, offering potential benefits such as reduce carbon footprint, enhance durability and increased strength. The present study reported for the first time using a fungal strain (Aspergillus iizukae EAN605) in biocementation. The study aims to investigate the effectiveness of incorporating Aspergillus iizukae EAN 605 into foam concrete to improve its performance, particularly its strength. The study employs the response surface methodology (RSM) to explore the relationship between density, microorganism concentration and water /cement ratio (w/c) and their effects on compressive strength. Through a series of experiments,the highest recorded compressive strength was achieved with a density of 1800kg/m3, w/c ratio of 0.5, and Aspergillus iizukae EAN605 concentration of 0.5g/l, resulting in a remarkable 37.5% increase compared to foam concrete (FC). The variables of density, A. iizukae EAN 605 and their interaction density*fungi (D*F) significantly impacted compressive strength, with p-values of 0.000, 0.016, and 0.010, respectively.X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was employed to identify the crystalline composition of the precipitates formed on the fungal hyphae, providing insights into the mineralogical transformations occurring during the biocementation process. Additionally, scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging was utilised to visualise the morphology and distribution of the calcite crystals, further supporting the evidence of fungal-mediated mineral precipitation in foam concrete. The findings of this study hold significant implications for the concrete industry, as the incorporation of Aspergillus iizukae EAN605 in foam concrete offers a sustainable solution to enhance compressive strength and contribute to environmental friendly construction practices. This study provides valuable insights for future research and practical applications in the field of bio-foamed concrete (B-FC).

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  • 25.
    Alva, Vennström
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Säkerställa vätgassäkerhet genom användning av hållbar glutenplast: En laborativ och teoretisk studie om egenskaper hos olika kombinationer av glutenplast2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
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  • 26.
    Alyami, Mana
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
    Nassar, Roz-Ud-Din
    Department of Civil and Infrastructure Engineering at American University of Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.
    Khan, Majid
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan.
    Hammad, Ahmed WA
    Principle Scientist, Macroview Projects, Sydney, Australia.
    Alabduljabbar, Hisham
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
    Nawaz, R.
    Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, 32093 Hawally, Kuwait.
    Fawad, Muhammad
    Silesian University of Technology, Poland; Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia .
    Estimating compressive strength of concrete containing rice husk ash using interpretable machine learning-based models2024Inngår i: Case Studies in Construction Materials, E-ISSN 2214-5095, Vol. 20, artikkel-id e02901Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The construction sector is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Using recycled and waste materials in concrete is a practical solution to address environmental challenges. Currently, agricultural waste is widely used as a substitute for cement in the production of eco-friendly concrete. However, traditional methods for assessing the strength of such materials are both expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, this study uses machine learning techniques to develop prediction models for the compressive strength (CS) of rice husk ash (RHA) concrete. The ML techniques used in the present study include random forest (RF), light gradient boosting machine (LightGBM), ridge regression, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). A total of 348 values of CS were collected from the experimental studies, and five characteristics of RHA concrete were taken as input variables. For the performance assessment of the models, multiple statistical metrics were used. During the training phase, the correlation coefficients (R) obtained for ridge regression, RF, XGBoost, and LightGBM were 0.943, 0.981, 0.985, and 0.996, respectively. In the testing set, the developed models demonstrated even higher performance, with correlation coefficients of 0.971, 0.993, 0.992, and 0.998 for ridge regression, RF, XGBoost, and LightGBM, respectively. The statistical analysis revealed that the LightGBM model outperformed other models, whereas the ridge regression model exhibited comparatively lower accuracy. SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method was employed for the interpretability of the developed model. The SHAP analysis revealed that water-to-cement is a controlling parameter in estimating the CS of RHA concrete. In conclusion, this study provides valuable guidance for builders and researchers to estimate the CS of RHA concrete. However, it is suggested that more input variables be incorporated and hybrid models utilized to further enhance the reliability and precision of the models.

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  • 27.
    Aminoroaya, Alireza
    et al.
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
    Esmaeely Neisiany, Rasoul
    Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, 9617976487, Iran.
    Nouri Khorasani, Saied
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
    Panahi, Parisa
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Madry, Henning
    Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
    Cucchiarini, Magali
    Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University and Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
    Ramakrishna, Seeram
    Centre for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore.
    A review of dental composites: Challenges, chemistry aspects, filler influences, and future insights2021Inngår i: Composites Part B: Engineering, ISSN 1359-8368, E-ISSN 1879-1069, Vol. 216, artikkel-id 108852Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Resin-based dental composites are promising tooth-resembling materials in restorative dentistry. The limited longevity of dental composite restorations due to the bulk/marginal fracture and secondary caries as well as possible health risks are the critical challenges faced by such materials. Therefore, developments of resin-based dental composites received considerable attention in academic researches for clinical applications. A comprehensive review of the recent developments in the scientific literature on resin-based dental composites is presented in this article. Firstly, in the article, the challenges in dental composites are introduced and then the chemical aspects of the systems are classified through a review of employed resins. Subsequently, the different characteristics related to the fillers employed for the development of the resin-based dental composites are described. Finally, conclusions are drawn and future insights are proposed. This article provides an insight that paves the way for tailoring and designing resin-based dental composites for clinical applications.

  • 28.
    Aminoroaya, Alireza
    et al.
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, 428 S. Shaw Lane, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA.
    Khorasani, Saied Nouri
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
    Bagheri, Rouholah
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
    Talebi, Zahra
    Department of Textile Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
    Malekkhouyan, Roya
    Department of Chemical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, 84156-83111, Isfahan, Iran.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Neisiany, Rasoul Esmaeely
    Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland; Department of Polymer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, 9617976487, Sabzevar, Iran.
    Facile encapsulation of cyanoacrylate-based bioadhesive by electrospray method and investigation of the process parameters2024Inngår i: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 14, nr 1, artikkel-id 5389Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Polymer microcapsules containing cyanoacrylates have represented a promising option to develop self-healing biomaterials. This study aims to develop an electrospray method for the preparation of capsules using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as the encapsulant and ethyl 2-cyanoacrylate (EC) as the encapsulate. It also aims to study the effect of the electrospray process parameters on the size and morphology of the capsules. The capsules were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Moreover, the effects of electrospray process parameters on the size were investigated by Taguchi experimental design. FTIR and TGA approved the presence of both PMMA and EC without further reaction. FE-SEM micrograph demonstrated that an appropriate choice of solvents, utilizing an appropriate PMMA:EC ratio and sufficient PMMA concentration are critical factors to produce capsules dominantly with an intact and spherical morphology. Utilizing various flow rates (0.3–0.5 ml/h) and applied voltage (18–26 kV), capsules were obtained with a 600–1000 nm size range. At constantly applied voltages, the increase in flow rate increased the capsule size up to 40% (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05), while at constant flow rates, the increase in applied voltage reduced the average capsule size by 3.4–26% (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05). The results from the Taguchi design represented the significance of solution flow rate, applied voltage, and solution concentration. It was shown that the most effective parameter on the size of capsules is flow rate. This research demonstrated that electrospray can be utilized as a convenient method for the preparation of sub-micron PMMA capsules containing EC. Furthermore, the morphology of the capsules is dominated by solvents, PMMA concentration, and PMMA:EC ratio, while the average size of the capsules can be altered by adjusting the flow rate and applied voltage of the electrospray process.

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  • 29.
    Amran, Mugahed
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, 11942 Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
    Onaizi, Ali M.
    School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
    Makul, Natt
    Department of Civil Engineering Technology, Phranakhon Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10220, Thailand.
    Abdelgader, Hakim S.
    Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
    Tang, W. C.
    School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
    Alsulami, Badr T.
    Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia.
    Alluqmani, Ayed Eid
    Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 41411, Saudi Arabia.
    Gamil, Yaser
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia.
    Shrinkage mitigation in alkali-activated composites: A comprehensive insight into the potential applications for sustainable construction2023Inngår i: Results in Engineering (RINENG), ISSN 2590-1230, Vol. 20, artikkel-id 101452Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    The extant body of literature articulates a noticeable disparity in the susceptibility to cracking and concomitant material degradation between alkali-activated composites (AAC) and ordinary Portland cement (OPC), predominantly attributable to shrinkage and subsequent drying phenomena. This divergence derives from the nanoscopic porosity of AAC binders, which is substantially finer than their OPC counterparts. However, experimental research validates that the judicious incorporation of alternative cementitious materials and fibrous reinforcements enriches the shrinkage characteristics of AAC, thereby enhancing its overall structural performance. Given the crucial role of shrinkage in defining the material integrity of AAC, especially under constrained environmental conditions, an in-depth understanding of shrinkage mechanisms materializes as a necessity for conceiving efficient shrinkage-mitigating strategies. In light of the growing interest in optimizing AAC through various material integrations and methodological innovations aimed at shrinkage diminution, this scholarly review undertakes an extensive synthesis of the laboratorial investigations focused on AAC shrinkage behavior and mitigation. However, this article critically evaluates widespread strategies for shrinkage mitigation, explicating their operative mechanisms. Moreover, it is outlined gaps in the existing research paradigm, promoting for targeted scholarly endeavors to yield a more clear understanding of shrinkage dynamics and to facilitate the advancement of environmentally sustainable AAC composites. Meanwhile, this study intended to consolidate existing research on developing trends in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of the possible uses of AACs and identify viable strategies for addressing AAC shrinkages. By addressing the challenges related to micro-cracking and shrinkage, the long-term durability of AACs may be improved, leading to increased adoption of these materials as sustainable building options in the construction industry today.

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  • 30.
    Andersson, Isac
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Ek, Niklas
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Temperature distribution and charring penetrations in timber assemblies exposed to parametric fire curves: Comparisons between tests and TASEF predictions2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Four furnace tests have been performed using two different parametric fire curves and the results are compared with computer simulations and Eurocode calculations. What differentiates the parametric fire curve from other fire curves is in particular the cooling phase, something that has proven to be hard to model for timber structures.

    A literature study and computer simulations were followed by experimental work performed at SP Wood Building Technology in Stockholm. The computer simulations were performed using the computer code TASEF. The predictions from TASEF were compared with measurements from the fire tests to evaluate how well the program can predict temperature distribution using a parametric fire curve.

    The four fire tests were executed at SP Wood Building Technology, glued laminated timber beams were used in all tests. When preparing the test specimens thermocouples were installed to measure temperature distribution, the thermocouples were installed in drilled holes. A deviation study regarding these drill-holes was performed as a part of the preparations. The temperature distributions measured during the tests were compared with the temperature distribution predicted by TASEF.

    Charring rate and charring depth were obtained from the fire tests, from the TASEF simulations but also by using equations given in the Eurocode. Since TASEF simulates temperature distribution and not charring depth, the 300 °C isotherm was assumed to represent the charring depth. The results from all three methods were compared and evaluated.

    The agreement between experiments and TASEF predictions regarding temperature distribution and charring depth were in general very good. Parametric fire curves with opening factors of 0.02 m1/2 and 0.04 m1/2 were used in four fire tests. TASEF performed more accurate predictions regarding the temperature distribution for the small opening factor but looking at the charring depth the predictions were better for the bigger opening factor. It is recommended to perform further studies and find out the reason for this behaviour.

    Comparing the charring depths measured at the tests with values calculated using Eurocode 5 there were some differences in charring depths. Charring depths for the horizontal direction of the beams were much alike, but when comparing the charring depths for the vertical direction there is a significant difference. The equations regarding charring depth for wood exposed to parametric fire curves in Eurocode 5 underestimate the charring depth. It is recommended to evaluate these equations further.

    For one of the timber beams delamination occurred, this has previously been assumed not to occur to glued laminated beams. More studies should be performed regarding delamination of glued laminated beams exposed to fire.

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  • 31.
    Andersson, Kasper
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Leidzén, Jon
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Cracking and Fatigue in the Prestressed Concrete Bridge at Autio2022Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    In early 2020, cracks were discovered on the bridge crossing the Torne River at Autio. This resulted in an investigation being launched to determine the structural state of the bridge. In conjunction with this investigation, monitoring equipment was installed on the bridge, which enabled the collection of measured strain at four critical points on the bridge. 

    In this thesis the measured strain was used to approximate stresses in the prestressing cables and thereby calculate the effects of fatigue on the bridge. Two different structural standards were used to calculate the results: Eurocode 2, and fib Model Code 2010. Likewise, two different cycle-counting methods were used to calculate the results: the Rainflow-algorithm, and the largest-magnitude approach. 

    Regardless of structural standard or cycle-counting method, the results indicate that the effects of fatigue are neither an issue for the bridge, currently, nor will it be in the expected lifetime of the bridge.

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  • 32.
    Andersson, Lucas
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Shadow effects in open cross-sections: An analysis of steel temperatures with COMSOL Multiphysics, TASEF and Eurocode2018Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 poäng / 30 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    Steel is a material commonly used in various constructions such as high-rise buildings, sport arenas, ships etc. Steel is a versatile building material due to its isotropic characteristics, e.g. both high tensile- and compressive strength. This allows steel to be formed into open section profiles which reduces material usage but simultaneously allows the tensile- and compressive stress resistance to be high in directions were loads are applied. Although steel has a high stress resistance its sensitivity to fire is larger than other building materials due to its high thermal conductivity. The strength of the material is reduced at higher temperatures and thereby makes the dimensioning of beams in fire cases vital in fire safety design of structural elements.

    An aspect to consider when dimensioning open section building elements in steel is the shadow effect. The shadow effect is the result of the open cross-section geometrical shape of beams and columns, e.g. H-profiles. The interior of the profile is screened from thermal radiation caused by fire which makes the characteristics of the thermal exposure different from closed cross-section profiles. A common way to estimate the temperatures of steel after a certain time of fire exposure is to use numerical calculations described in Eurocode. In these calculations the shadow effect is applied as a reduction of the total heat exchange, i.e. both convection and thermal radiation, from the fire exposure.

    A more realistic approach is to separate these boundary conditions and treat them as independent quantities. Wickström (2001) argues that a void is created within the flanges and that reduction factor thereby only should be applied to the radiative part of the total heat exchange, acting as a reduction of surface emissivity within the profile. This, since the convection is not affected by the shadow effect. Wickströms (2001) suggestion of application has been investigated in this thesis and has showed a better correlation than the approach suggested in Eurocode when compared to experimental tests.

    Shadow effects calculated on the premises of separated boundary conditions for the total heat exchange has of yet only been investigated in detail with TASEF+-simulations, but these simulations predicts steel temperatures with satisfactory results. It is possible to reproduce a similar setup in the program COMSOL Multiphysics in two-dimensional simulations, and further three-dimensional simulations. This possibility has been investigated in this thesis.

    COMSOL Multiphysics has proven to be an adequate tool when it comes to simulate fire exposure on slender steel beam with shadow effects considered. Both three- and two-dimensional models produced simulation results correlating well to simulations conducted in TASEF. Additionally, adequate correlations with experimental tests were obtained for COMSOL Multiphysics as well. Further work regarding fire simulations with the utilisation of COMSOL Multiphysics is thereby suggested.

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  • 33.
    Andersson, Lucas
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Thermal Exposure Caused by the Smoke Gas Layer in Pre-flashover Fires: A Two-zone Model Approach2016Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 poäng / 15 hpOppgave
    Abstract [en]

    A pre-flashover fire is very different from a post-flashover fire. The main difference is that in a pre-flashover fire the gas temperature and the radiation temperature differ. One thing that makes it a lot different is that the thermal exposure induced by a pre-flashover fire is largely affected by the smoke gas layer. These smoke gases can be very hot and therefore they emit heat radiation to their surroundings. The theory used, to calculate the thermal exposure of a pre-flashover fire, in this thesis relies on using thermal resistances to describe the heat transfer from the smoke gases. By doing so it is possible to calculate the temperatures of the smoke gases and the surfaces in touch with the smoke gases. Another approach is to use CFD software to numerically calculate the temperatures and in this thesis the two-zone model are compared to FDS, a CFD software. The two-zone model are also compared to a reduced-scale test. The comparisons gave good results, the two-zone model produced similar results compared to re reduced-scale test and FDS. This method of calculating thermal exposure can thereby be used to evaluate evacuation safety and save a lot of calculation time compared to calculating the thermal exposure with CFD software such as FDS.

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  • 34.
    Andrade, Pedro
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Structural Assessment and Optimization of the Modular System of a Student Residential Building in Luleå and Coimbra: Affordable Houses Project2010Rapport (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Nowadays there is a main concern that should always be present in our minds; it is important to integrate and reconcile the economic, social and environmental aspects within a holistic and balanced sustainable development framework.Therefore, the construction sector has been facing a profound change in the materials used, new processes and approaches. According to this new aim, a new concept of structures had been born; the Affordable Houses.A concept is more often seen as an abstract idea of something, being it materialization always faced as a challenge. Therefore the challenge of this thesis is to create a system that could be able to erect, literally, a structure and, simultaneously, create conditions for the construction of a building, through the appliance of the concept of Modular Houses and Top Down Construction.For the implementation of these new concepts two case studies were created for the construction of a student residential building in Coimbra and Luleå. These case studies are integrated in different environments and socio-economic conditions, which will allow the assessment of this study to a more global application.This study was developed within the scope of a partnership between the University of Coimbra and Luleå University of Technology and was supervised by Professor Luís Simões da Silva (UC) and Professor Milan Veljkovic( LTU).

  • 35.
    Andrade, Pedro
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Lagerqvist, Ove
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Simões, Rui
    DEC, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    On global and local buckling response of structural angle sandwich panels2022Inngår i: Thin-walled structures, ISSN 0263-8231, E-ISSN 1879-3223, Vol. 180, artikkel-id 109835Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Having in mind the topic of industrialised construction and the benefits of modular construction, sandwich panels are investigated to be utilised as load-bearing wall elements. To assess its full potential, the present paper tackles the linear elastic buckling response of axially loaded angle sandwich panels, by means of numerical and analytical calculations, as the upper bound of its load bearing capacity. The failures modes are obtained and framed for concentrically loaded angle panels with fixed and pin-ended supports. A parametric study of the angle panel comprising a series of finite element models is undertaken where responses are compared with analytical calculations based on the theory of sandwich panels. Boundaries for local and global buckling are identified and framed.

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  • 36.
    Andrade, Pedro
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Lagerqvist, Ove
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Simões, Rui
    University of Coimbra, Department of Civil Engineering, Coimbra.
    Veljkovic, Milan
    Delft University of Technology, Department of Structural Engineering.
    Structural assessment of a column splice with opened slotted holes: Finger Connection2017Inngår i: ce/papers, E-ISSN 2509-7075, Vol. 1, nr 2-3, s. 514-521Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper introduces a novel joint based on a friction connection designed for column-splices. The jointwas developed within the scope of modular construction to improve the fast assembly of prefabricatedframes and to accommodate eventual misalignments. Gaps at the connection are considered on the jointhorizontal and vertical axis to accommodate misalignments whether they are rotations and/ordisplacements and so to allow for the easy fit of the columns. The efficiency of the joint resistance basedon different connection gaps subjected to uniform compression is assessed.

  • 37.
    Andrade, Pedro
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Lagerqvist, Ove
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Veljkovic, Milan
    Delft University of Technology.
    Simoes, Rui
    University of Coimbra.
    Lundholm, John
    Part Construction AB.
    Innovative system for the construction and management of student resisdences: Frameup system2016Inngår i: IABSE CONGRESS, STOCKHOLM, 2016: Challenges in Design and Construction of an Innovativeand Sustainable Built Environment / [ed] Lennart Elfgren, Johan Jonsson, Mats Karlsson, Lahja Rydberg-Forssbeck and Britt Sigfrid, CH - 8093 Zürich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, 2016, s. 1364-1370Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Sweden has a strong demand on the construction of student accommodations and consequently significant efforts have been taken to increase and streamline construction methods. In addition, the fluctuation on the number of students admitted at each year, in each university, lead to periods of house shortage or, in opposition to that, to eventual surplus on the housing market. For these reasons urges finding a fast execution process in construction to fulfil the market needs, together with a housing mechanism of control which balances the students’ needs with the housing availability. In this sense, the Frameup system arises as a solution to solve both problems by combining a modular construction with an innovative execution process.

    The FRAMEUP buildings uses a steel frame in combination with prefabricated 3D modules - fully equipped and suitable for student accommodations – which are assembled by starting from the roof to the 1st floor. The existence of the lifting system permits the erection of the building, promoting each time the building is lifted, a clearance of one-floor-height, at ground level, for the assembly of a new floor. The procedure is repeated several times, according to the number of floors, until the 1st floor of the building, the last floor of the execution sequence, is assembled.

    Alongside with its advantage on the fast execution, the Frameup system allows to efficiently increase or decrease the number of the floors and consequently its exchangeability with other buildings of same nature. Thus, assuming a net of FRAMEUP buildings at each university, its exchangeability system would create the necessary conditions so that the number of floors at each campus would follow the fluctuations of the students’ population among the different universities on different periods of time, so to suppress the needs for housing or to avoid the surplus on construction.

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 38.
    Andrade, Pedro
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Veljkovic, Milan
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Project: FRAMEUP - Optimization of frames for effective assembling2014Annet (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
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  • 39.
    Anerao, Prashant
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune 411046, India.
    Kulkarni, Atul
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune 411046, India.
    Munde, Yashwant
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Pune 411052, India.
    Shinde, Avinash
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Pune 411052, India.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Biochar reinforced PLA composite for fused deposition modelling (FDM): A parametric study on mechanical performance2023Inngår i: Composites Part C: Open Access, E-ISSN 2666-6820, Vol. 12, artikkel-id 100406Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Rice husk biochar was added to polylactic acid (PLA) to create a biocomposite filament suitable for the extrusion-based 3D printing process of fused deposition modelling (FDM). Taguchi L16 was used for experiment design, and the significance of process parameters was determined using variance analysis (ANOVA). For a 0.3-mm layer thickness, the addition of 5 wt.% biochar resulted in ultimate tensile strength and a modulus of elasticity of 36 MPa and 1103 MPa, respectively. The addition of biochar had a negative influence on flexural strength. The maximum flexural modulus was obtained with 3 % biochar, 100 % infill density, and 0.1 mm layer thickness. Particularly, 1 % biochar resulted in a considerable increase in impact strength, while a subsequent rise in biochar resulted in a decrease, probably due to the agglomeration effect. For 3D printed neat PLA, the average tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength observed were 19 MPa, 550 MPa, 54 MPa, 1981 MPa, and 25 KJ/m2, respectively. Additionally, considering the output of each test, a multicriteria decision-making model, namely, TOPSIS, has been utilized for ranking the mechanical performance. In order to optimise the mechanical properties of three-dimensional printed objects, the study suggests a layer thickness of 0.2 mm, an infill density of 100 %, and raster angle of 0° as the FDM process parameters.

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  • 40.
    Arason, Magnús
    et al.
    EFLA.
    Bie Gundersen, Espen
    Agder Fylkeskommunne.
    Collin, Peter
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Ramboll Sverige.
    Vestman, Victor
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Ramboll Sverige.
    Innovasjon i bruforsterkning i Agder2020Inngår i: Nyheter om stålbyggnad, ISSN 1404-9414, Vol. 2020, nr 4, s. 24-26Artikkel i tidsskrift (Annet vitenskapelig)
    Abstract [no]

    EFLA og Luleå Tekniska Universitet har bistått Agder fylkeskommune med forsterkning av to gamle stålbjelkebruer i Agder fylke, som dannet en flaskehals for vegtransport i området. I prosjekteringen er det brukt en metode som aldri har vært brukt i Norge før, og den har vist seg å være effektiv i forhold til kostnad, gjennomførbarhet og miljøpåvirkning. Prosjektet er et eksempel på vellykket nordisk samarbeid, og kan ha overføring til fremtidige prosjekter

    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 41.
    Arason, Magnús
    et al.
    EFLA Consulting Engineers, Reykjavik, Iceland.
    Ragnarsson, Guðmundur
    EFLA Consulting Engineers, Reykjavik, Iceland.
    Collin, Peter
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Ramboll.
    Hällmark, Robert
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Swedish Transport Administration.
    Strengthening of steel girder bridges using coiled pins2019Inngår i: 20th Congress of IABSE 2019: The Evolving Metropolis, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE) , 2019, Vol. 1, s. 38-43Konferansepaper (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    A requirement for heavier vehicular transport on the Norwegian road network has resulted in a demand for increased bearing capacity for many of the older bridges in the country. Many of the bridges that have been found to have insufficient capacity against present-day demands are steel girder bridges with concrete slabs without a shear connection between steel and concrete. There is a large number of bridges of this type in Norway and the paper presents strengthening of two of those, in Aust-Agder county in the south of the country. These bridges are approximately 30 m long, single span. The bearing capacity has been upgraded by installing composite action between the steel girders and the concrete slab using coiled pins, in conjunction with thickening of the bottom flange of the steel girders. To obtain composite action, the pins are fitted to tightly drilled holes through the top flange of girders up into the concrete slab. Coiled pins have not been used much for bridge applications. In the work presented, the method has been found to have advantages in terms of cost and workability. Furthermore, the method has benefits when viewed from an environmental standpoint, since it allows strengthening of existing non-composite bridges using relatively little new material, and minimizes traffic disruptions.

  • 42.
    Axelsson, Kennet B. E.
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Grennberg, Torsten
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Horrigmoe, Geir
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Johansson, Bernt
    Institutionen för Anläggningsteknik. Verksamhetsberättelse 1987/881988Rapport (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Fulltekst (pdf)
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  • 43.
    Axelsson, Kennet B. E.
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Grennberg, Torsten
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Horrigmoe, Geir
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Johansson, Bernt
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion.
    Institutionen för Anläggningsteknik, Verksamhetsberättelse 1988/891989Rapport (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
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  • 44.
    Axelsson, Kennet B. E.
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Grennberg, Torsten
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Horrigmoe, Geir
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Johansson, Bernt
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion.
    Institutionen för Anläggningsteknik. Verksamhetsberättelse 1989/901990Rapport (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
    Fulltekst (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 45.
    Axelsson, Kennet B. E.
    et al.
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Johansson, Bernt
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och -produktion.
    Elfgren, Lennart
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Grennberg, Torsten
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Horrigmoe, Geir
    Luleå tekniska universitet.
    Institutionen för Anläggningsteknik. Verksamhetsberättelse 1990/911991Rapport (Annet (populærvitenskap, debatt, mm))
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    FULLTEXT01
  • 46.
    Babaei, Mehdi
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
    Jalilkhani, Maysam
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Engineering, Faculty of Khoy, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
    Mollaei, Somayeh
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Bonab, East Azerbaijan, Iran.
    A Numerical Method for Estimating the Dynamic Response of Structures2021Inngår i: Journal of Civil and Environmental EngineeringArtikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
  • 47.
    Babu, Karthik
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Centurion University of Technology and Management, R.Sitapur, Odisha, 761211, India.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Shanmugam, Vigneshwaran
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha; Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 602 105, Tamil Nadu, India.
    Mensah, Rhoda Afriye
    School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
    Försth, Michael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Sas, Gabriel
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Restás, Ágoston
    Department of Fire Protection and Rescue Control, National University of Public Service, Budapest, 1011, Hungary.
    Berto, Filippo
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
    Fire Behavior of 3D-Printed Polymeric Composites2021Inngår i: Journal of materials engineering and performance (Print), ISSN 1059-9495, E-ISSN 1544-1024, Vol. 30, nr 7, s. 4745-4755Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    3D printing or additive manufacturing (AM) is considered as a flexible manufacturing method with the potential for substantial innovations in fabricating geometrically complicated structured polymers, metals, and ceramics parts. Among them, polymeric composites show versatility for applications in various fields, such as constructions, microelectronics and biomedical. However, the poor resistance of these materials against fire must be considered due to their direct relation to human life conservation and safety. In this article, the recent advances in the fire behavior of 3D-printed polymeric composites are reviewed. The article describes the recently developed methods for improving the flame retardancy of 3D-printed polymeric composites. Consequently, the improvements in the fire behavior of 3D-printed polymeric materials through the change in formulation of the composites are discussed. The article is novel in the sense that it is one of the first studies to provide an overview regarding the flammability characteristics of 3D-printed polymeric materials, which will further incite research interests to render AM-based materials fire-resistant.

  • 48.
    Babu, Karthik
    et al.
    Center for Polymer Composites and Natural Fiber Research, Tamil Nadu 625005, India.
    Rendén, Gabriella
    Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Polymeric Materials Division, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Afriyie Mensah, Rhoda
    School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
    Kim, Nam Kyeun
    Centre for Advanced Composite Materials, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
    Jiang, Lin
    School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
    Xu, Qiang
    School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.
    Restás, Ágoston
    Department of Fire Protection and Rescue Control, National University of Public Service, H-1011 Budapest, Hungary.
    Esmaeely Neisiany, Rasoul
    Department of Materials and Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran.
    Hedenqvist, Mikael S.
    Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Polymeric Materials Division, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
    Försth, Michael
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Byström, Alexandra
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Materialvetenskap.
    A Review on the Flammability Properties of Carbon-Based Polymeric Composites: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends2020Inngår i: Polymers, E-ISSN 2073-4360, Vol. 12, nr 7, artikkel-id 1518Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Carbon based fillers have attracted a great deal of interest in polymer composites because of their ability to beneficially alter properties at low filler concentration, good interfacial bonding with polymer, availability in different forms, etc. The property alteration of polymer composites makes them versatile for applications in various fields, such as constructions, microelectronics, biomedical, and so on. Devastations due to building fire stress the importance of flame-retardant polymer composites, since they are directly related to human life conservation and safety. Thus, in this review, the significance of carbon-based flame-retardants for polymers is introduced. The effects of a wide variety of carbon-based material addition (such as fullerene, CNTs, graphene, graphite, and so on) on reaction-to-fire of the polymer composites are reviewed and the focus is dedicated to biochar-based reinforcements for use in flame retardant polymer composites. Additionally, the most widely used flammability measuring techniques for polymeric composites are presented. Finally, the key factors and different methods that are used for property enhancement are concluded and the scope for future work is discussed.

  • 49.
    Babu, NB Karthik
    et al.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Assam Energy Institute, A Centre of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Sivasagar, India.
    Mensah, Rhoda Afriyie
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Shanmugam, Vigneshwaran
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Rashedi, Ahmad
    School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
    Athimoolam, Pugazhenthi
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College of Engineering Dindigul, Dindigul, India.
    Aseer, J. Ronald
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, India.
    Das, Oisik
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand.
    Self‐reinforced polymer composites: An opportunity to recycle plastic wastes and their future trends2022Inngår i: Journal of Applied Polymer Science, ISSN 0021-8995, E-ISSN 1097-4628, Vol. 139, nr 46, artikkel-id e53143Artikkel, forskningsoversikt (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Polymers and their composites have played an important role in industrial development. Polymer composites are becoming much stronger and more competitive than other materials as a result of ongoing research and development. This was made possible by newly developed techniques that could alter the physical and chemical properties of constituents. One of them is the self-reinforcement technique, which allows for the fabrication of high-strength thermoplastic polymer composites with reserved degradability, which is not possible with glass fiber/carbon fiber reinforcement. A self-reinforced polymer composite is made of a single polymeric material, which serves as both the matrix and the reinforcement. This review article discusses the use of self-reinforcement in various polymers and its impact on mechanical, thermal, and fire properties. Furthermore, the effects of process parameters (such as temperature and time, an), reinforcement structure, and mechanical property variation on the structure of self-reinforced composites are reviewed and presented in detail. In addition, the effect of foreign filler addition (such as flame retardants, inorganic particles, natural fibers, etc.) on self-reinforced composites is highlighted. In the end, the need for future research and its scope is presented.

  • 50.
    Bagge, Niklas
    Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och naturresurser, Byggkonstruktion och brand. Department of Bridge and Hydraulic Design, WSP Sverige AB, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Demonstration and examination of a procedure for successively improved structural assessment of concrete bridges2020Inngår i: Structural Concrete, ISSN 1464-4177, E-ISSN 1751-7648, Vol. 21, nr 4, s. 1321-1344Artikkel i tidsskrift (Fagfellevurdert)
    Abstract [en]

    Assessing the load‐carrying capacity of existing bridges is an important infrastructure management task. In order to support the structural assessment of concrete bridges better, a procedure has been proposed, based on successively improving the bridge analysis. A multilevel strategy for structural analysis has been combined with concepts for verification of the desired safety margin, thus providing tools for engineers to model the structural behavior of bridges more accurately when necessary. This paper describes the procedure as applied to a prestressed concrete girder bridge, with use of experiences from the previous failure tests and associated evaluations of the bridge. Initial structural assessment indicated the critical failure mode to be due to shear in one of the girders; however, the enhanced analysis showed a complex failure involving both the girder and the bridge deck slab. Improving the structural analysis using nonlinear FE analysis for the loading initially identified as critical, increased the permitted axle loads on the bridge to 12 to 14 times those given by traditional and standardized assessment methods, depending on the concept used for safety verification. The model uncertainty was crucial for the verification of the structural safety and has to be properly taken into account. However, there are few recommendations, with regard to model uncertainties, on the application of nonlinear FE analysis, and detailed guidelines should be used for the modeling procedure in order to reduce analyst‐dependent variability in the results. The presented study demonstrates the applicability and the advantages of using the proposed procedure for successively improved analysis for bridge assessment.

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