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  • 1.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Compactness of embedding between Sobolev type spaces with multiweighted derivatives2009In: AIHT : Analysis, Inequalities and Homogenization Theory: Midnight sun conference in honor of Lars-Erik Persson, 2009Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider a new Sobolev type function space called the space with multiweighted derivatives. As basis for this space serves some differential operators containing weight functions. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness and compactness of the embedding between the spaces with multiweighted derivatives in different selections of weights.

  • 2.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Embedding theorems for spaces with multiweighted derivatives2007Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This Licentiate Thesis consists of four chapters, which deal with a new Sobolev type function space called the space with multiweighted derivatives. This space is a generalization of the usual one dimensional Sobolev space. Chapter 1 is an introduction, where, in particular, the importance to study function spaces with weights is discussed and motivated. In Chapter 2 we consider and analyze some results of L. D. Kudryavtsev, where he investigated one dimensional Sobolev spaces. Moreover, in this chapter we present and prove analogous results by B. L. Baidel'dinov for generalized Sobolev spaces. These results are crucially for the proofs of the main results of this Licentiate Thesis. In Chapter 3 we prove some embedding theorems for these new generalized Sobolev spaces. The main results of Kudryavtsev and Baidel'dinov about characterization of the behavior of functions at a singularity take place in weak degeneration of spaces. However, with the help of our new embedding theorems we can extend these results to the case of strong degeneration. In Chapter 4 we prove some new estimates for each function in a Tchebychev system. In order to be able to study also compactness of the embeddings from Chapter 3 such estimates are crucial. I plan to study this question in detail in my further PhD studies.

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  • 3.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new results concerning boundedness and compactness for embeddings between spaces with multiweighted derivatives2009Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This Doctoral Thesis consists of five chapters, which deal with a new Sobolev type function space called the space with multiweighted derivatives. This space is a generalization of the usual one dimensional Sobolev space. As basis for this space serves some differential operators containing weight functions.Chapter 1 is an introduction, where, in particular, the importance to study function spaces with weights is discussed and motivated. In Chapter 2 we prove some new estimates for each function in a Tchebychev system. In order to be able to study compactness of the embeddings from Chapter 3 such estimates are crucial.In Chapter 3 we rewrite and present some results of L. D. Kudryavtsev, where he investigated one dimensional Sobolev spaces. Moreover, in this chapter we rewrite and discuss some analogous results by B. L. Baidel'dinov for generalized Sobolev spaces. These results are not available in the Western literatures in this way and they are crucial for the proofs of the main results in Chapter 4. In Chapter 4 we prove some embedding theorems for these new generalized Sobolev spaces. The main results of Kudryavtsev and Baidel'dinov about characterization of the behavior of functions at a singularity take place in weak degeneration of the spaces. However, with the help of our new embedding theorems we can extend theseresults to the case of strong degeneration.The main aim of Chapter 5 is to establish boundedness and compactness of the embedding considered in Chapter 4.In Chapter 4 basically only sufficient conditions for boundedness of this embedding were obtained. In Chapter 5 we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for boundedness and compactness of this embedding and the main results are proved in a different way.

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 4.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Kalybay, Aigerim
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Summability of a Tchebysheff system of functions2007Report (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    et al.
    L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
    Oinarov, Ryskul
    L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Boundedness and compactness of the embedding between spaces with multiweighted derivatives when 12011In: Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal, ISSN 0011-4642, E-ISSN 1572-9141, Vol. 61, no 1, p. 7-26Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider a new Sobolev type function space called the space with multiweighted derivatives W-p(n),(alpha) over bar, where (alpha) over bar = (alpha(0), alpha(1), ......, alpha(n)), alpha(i) is an element of R, i = 0, 1,......,n, and parallel to f parallel to W-p(n),((alpha) over bar) = parallel to D((alpha) over bar)(n)f parallel to(p) + Sigma(n-1) (i=0) vertical bar D((alpha) over bar)(i)f(1)vertical bar, D((alpha) over bar)(0)f(t) = t(alpha 0) f(t), d((alpha) over bar)(i)f(t) = t(alpha i) d/dt D-(alpha) over bar(i-1) f(t), i = 1, 2, ....., n. We establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the boundedness and compactness of the embedding W-p,(alpha) over bar(n) -> W-q,(beta) over bar,(m) when 1 <= q < p < infinity, 0 <= m < n

  • 6.
    Abdikalikova, Zamira
    et al.
    L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
    Oinarov, Ryskul
    L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Boundedness and compactness of the embedding between spaces with multiweighted derivatives when 1≤ q2009Report (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Abramovic, Shoshana
    et al.
    University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway.
    Fejer and Hermite–Hadamard Type Inequalitiesfor N-Quasiconvex Functions2017In: Mathematical notes of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, ISSN 0001-4346, E-ISSN 1573-8876, Vol. 102, no 5-6, p. 599-609Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Some new extensions and refinements of Hermite–Hadamard and Fejer type inequali-ties for functions which are N-quasiconvex are derived and discussed.

  • 8.
    Abramovich, S.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. UIT The Arctic University of Norway, Narvik, Norway.
    Extensions and Refinements of Fejer and Hermite–Hadamard Type Inequalities2018In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 759-772Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper extensions and refinements of Hermite-Hadamard and Fejer type inequalities are derived including monotonicity of some functions related to the Fejer inequality and extensions for functions, which are 1-quasiconvex and for function with bounded second derivative. We deal also with Fejer inequalities in cases that p, the weight function in Fejer inequality, is not symmetric but monotone on [a, b] .

  • 9.
    Abramovich, Shosana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some New Refined Hardy Type Inequalities with Breaking Points p = 2 or p = 32014In: Concrete Operators, Spectral Theory, Operators in Harmonic Analysis and Approximation: 22nd International Workshop in Operator Theory and its Applications, Sevilla, July 2011 / [ed] Manuel Cepedello Boiso; Håkan Hedenmalm; Marinus A. Kaashoek; Alfonso Montes Rodríguez; Sergei Treil, Basel: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag, 2014, p. 1-10Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For usual Hardy type inequalities the natural “breaking point” (the parameter value where the inequality reverses) is p = 1. Recently, J. Oguntuase and L.-E. Persson proved a refined Hardy type inequality with breaking point at p = 2. In this paper we show that this refinement is not unique and can be replaced by another refined Hardy type inequality with breaking point at p = 2. Moreover, a new refined Hardy type inequality with breaking point at p = 3 is obtained. One key idea is to prove some new Jensen type inequalities related to convex or superquadratic funcions, which are also of independent interest

  • 10.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Krulić, Kristina
    Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb.
    Pečarić, Josip
    Faculty of Textile Technology, University of Zagreb.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new refined Hardy type inequalities with general kernels and measures2010In: Aequationes Mathematicae, ISSN 0001-9054, E-ISSN 1420-8903, Vol. 79, no 1-2, p. 157-172Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We state and prove some new refined Hardy type inequalities using the notation of superquadratic and subquadratic functions with an integral operator Ak defined by, where k: Ω1 × Ω2 is a general nonnegative kernel, (Ω1, μ1) and (Ω2, μ2) are measure spaces and,. The relations to other results of this type are discussed and, in particular, some new integral identities of independent interest are obtained.

  • 11.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Inequalities for averages of quasiconvex and superquadratic functions2016In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 19, no 2, p. 535-550Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For n ε ℤ+ we consider the difference Bn-1 (f)-Bn(f):= 1/an n-1/ηi=0 f(ai/an-1)-1/an+1 nηi=0f(ai/an) where the sequences{ai} and {ai-ai-1} are increasing. Some lower bounds are derived when f is 1-quasiconvex and when f is a closely related superquadratic function. In particular, by using some fairly new results concerning the so called "Jensen gap", these bounds can be compared. Some applications and related results about An-1 (f)-An(f):= 1/an n-1/ηi=0 f(ai/an-1)-1/an+1 nηi=0f(ai/an) are also included.

  • 12.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new estimates of the ‘Jensen gap’2016In: Journal of inequalities and applications, ISSN 1025-5834, E-ISSN 1029-242X, Vol. 2016, article id 39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Let (μ,Ω) be a probability measure space. We consider the so-called ‘Jensen gap’ J(φ,μ,f)=∫ Ω φ(f(s))dμ(s)−φ(∫ Ω f(s)dμ(s)) for some classes of functions φ. Several new estimates and equalities are derived and compared with other results of this type. Especially the case when φ has a Taylor expansion is treated and the corresponding discrete results are pointed out.

  • 13.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new scales of refined Hardy type inequalities via functions related to superquadracity2013In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 679-695Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    For the Hardy type inequalities the "breaking point" (=the point where the inequality reverses) is p = 1. Recently, J. Oguntoase and L. E. Persson proved a refined Hardy type inequality with a breaking point at p = 2. In this paper we prove a new scale of refined Hardy type inequality which can have a breaking point at any p ≥ 2. The technique is to first make some further investigations for superquadratic and superterzatic functions of independent interest, among which, a new Jensen type inequality is proved

  • 14.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    University of Haifa, Department of Mathematics.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Pecaric, Josip
    University of Zagreb.
    Varosanec, Sanja
    University of Zagreb.
    General inequalities via isotonic subadditive functionals2007In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 10, no 1, p. 15-28Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this manuscript a number of general inequalities for isotonic subadditive functionals on a set of positive mappings are proved and applied. In particular, it is pointed out that these inequalities both unify and generalize some general forms of the Holder, Popoviciu, Minkowski, Bellman and Power mean inequalities. Also some refinements of some of these results are proved.

  • 15.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Samko, Natasha
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On some new developments of Hardy-type inequalities2012In: 9th International Conference on Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Aerospace and Sciences: ICNPAA 2012 / [ed] Seenith Sivasundaram, Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2012, p. 739-746Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we present and discuss some new developments of Hardy-type inequalities, namely to derive (a) Hardy-type inequalities via a convexity approach, (b) refined scales of Hardy-type inequalities with other “breaking points” than p = 1 via superquadratic and superterzatic functions, (c) scales of conditions to characterize modern forms of weighted Hardy-type inequalities.

  • 16.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Samko, Natasha
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On γ-quasiconvexity, superquadracity and two-sided reversed Jensen type inequalities2015In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 18, no 2, p. 615-627Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper we deal with γ -quasiconvex functions when −1γ 0, to derive sometwo-sided Jensen type inequalities. We also discuss some Jensen-Steffensen type inequalitiesfor 1-quasiconvex functions. We compare Jensen type inequalities for 1-quasiconvex functionswith Jensen type inequalities for superquadratic functions and we extend the result obtained forγ -quasiconvex functions to more general classes of functions.

  • 17.
    Abramovich, Shoshana
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Haifa.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Samko, Natasha
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new scales of refined Jensen and Hardy type inequalities2014In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 17, no 3, p. 1105-1114Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Some scales of refined Jensen and Hardy type inequalities are derived and discussed. The key object in our technique is ? -quasiconvex functions K(x) defined by K(x)x-? =? (x) , where Φ is convex on [0,b) , 0 < b > ∞ and γ > 0.

  • 18.
    Abylayeva, A. M.
    et al.
    L. N.Gumilev Eurasian National University, Khazakstan.
    Baiarystanov, A. O.
    L. N.Gumilev Eurasian National University, Khazakstan.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. UiT The Artic University of Norway, Norway.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Additive weighted Lp estimates of some classes of integral operators involving generalized Oinarov Kernels2017In: Journal of Mathematical Inequalities, ISSN 1846-579X, E-ISSN 1848-9575, Vol. 11, no 3, p. 683-694Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Inequalities of the formkuK f kq 6C(kr f kp +kvH f kp) , f > 0,are considered, where K is an integral operator of Volterra type and H is the Hardy operator.Under some assumptions on the kernel K we give necessary and sufficient conditions for suchan inequality to hold.1

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  • 19.
    Abylayeva, Akbota M.
    et al.
    Department of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana .
    Oinarov, Ryskul
    Department of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Boundedness and compactness of a class of Hardy type operators2016In: Journal of inequalities and applications, ISSN 1025-5834, E-ISSN 1029-242X, no 1, article id 324Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We establish characterizations of both boundedness and of compactness of a general class of fractional integral operators involving the Riemann-Liouville, Hadamard, and Erdelyi-Kober operators. In particular, these results imply new results in the theory of Hardy type inequalities. As applications both new and well-known results are pointed out.

  • 20.
    Abylayeva, Akbota M.
    et al.
    Department of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan .
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. UiT, Tromso, Norway. RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
    Hardy type inequalities and compactness of a class of integral operators with logarithmic singularities2018In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 21, no 1, p. 201-215, article id 21-16Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We establish criteria for both boundedness and compactness for some classes of integraloperators with logarithmic singularities in weighted Lebesgue spaces for cases 1 < p 6 q <¥ and 1 < q < p < ¥. As corollaries some corresponding new Hardy inequalities are pointedout.1

  • 21.
    Adeleke, E.O.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State P. M. B. 2240, Nigeria.
    Čižmešija, A.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Zagreb, Bijenička cesta 30, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
    Oguntuase, James A.
    Department of Mathematics, University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State P. M. B. 2240, Nigeria.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Narvik University College, P.O. Box 385, Narvik, N-8505, Norway.
    Pokaz, D.
    Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Zagreb, Kačićeva 26, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia.
    On a new class of Hardy-type inequalities2012In: Journal of inequalities and applications, ISSN 1025-5834, E-ISSN 1029-242X, Vol. 2012, no 259Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this paper, we generalize a Hardy-type inequality to the class of arbitrary non-negative functions bounded from below and above with a convex function multiplied with positive real constants. This enables us to obtain new generalizations of the classical integral Hardy's, Hardy-Hilbert's, Hardy-Littlewood-P\'{o}lya's and P\'{o}lya-Knopp's inequalities as well as of Godunova's and of some recently obtained inequalities in multidimensional settings. Finally, we apply a similar idea to functions bounded from below and above with a superquadratic function.

  • 22.
    Adey, J.
    et al.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Jones, R.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Palmer, D. W.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Briddon, P. R.
    Physics Centre, School of Natural Science, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
    Öberg, Sven
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Degradation of boron-doped Czochralski-grown silicon solar cells2004In: Physical Review Letters, ISSN 0031-9007, E-ISSN 1079-7114, Vol. 93, no 5, p. 055504-1Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The formation mechanism and properties of the boron-oxygen center responsible for the degradation of Czochralski-grown Si(B) solar cells during operation is investigated using density functional calculations. We find that boron traps an oxygen dimer to form a bistable defect with a donor level in the upper half of the band gap. The activation energy for its dissociation is found to be 1.2 eV. The formation of the defect from mobile oxygen dimers, which are shown to migrate by a Bourgoin mechanism under minority carrier injection, has a calculated activation energy of 0.3 eV. These energies and the dependence of the generation rate of the recombination center on boron concentration are in good agreement with observations.

  • 23.
    Adey, J.
    et al.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Jones, R.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Palmer, D. W.
    School of Physics, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, United Kingdom.
    Briddon, P. R.
    Physics Centre, School of Natural Science, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
    Öberg, Sven
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Theory of boron-vacancy complexes in silicon2005In: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics, ISSN 1098-0121, E-ISSN 1550-235X, Vol. 71, no 16, p. 165211-Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The substitutional boron-vacancy BsV complex in silicon is investigated using the local density functional theory. These theoretical results give an explanation of the experimentally reported, well established metastability of the boron-related defect observed in p-type silicon irradiated at low temperature and of the two hole transitions that are observed to be associated with one of the configurations of the metastable defect. BsV is found to have several stable configurations, depending on charge state. In the positive charge state the second nearest neighbor configuration with C1 symmetry is almost degenerate with the second nearest neighbor configuration that has C1h symmetry since the bond reconstruction is weakened by the removal of electrons from the center. A third nearest neighbor configuration of BsV has the lowest energy in the negative charge state. An assignment of the three energy levels associated with BsV is made. The experimentally observed Ev+0.31 eV and Ev+0.37 eV levels are related to the donor levels of second nearest neighbor BsV with C1 and C1h symmetry respectively. The observed Ev+0.11 eV level is assigned to the vertical donor level of the third nearest neighbor configuration. The boron-divacancy complex BsV2 is also studied and is found to be stable with a binding energy between V2 and Bs of around 0.2 eV. Its energy levels lie close to those of the V2. However, the defect is likely to be an important defect only in heavily doped material.

  • 24.
    Adjizian, J.J.
    et al.
    Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton.
    Latham, Chris
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Öberg, Sven
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Material Science.
    Briddon, P.R.
    Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Heggie, M.I.
    Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton.
    DFT study of the chemistry of sulfur in graphite, including interactions with defects, edges and folds2013In: Carbon, ISSN 0008-6223, E-ISSN 1873-3891, Vol. 62, p. 256-262Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sulfur has several roles, desirable and undesirable, in graphitization. We perform density functional theory calculations within the local density approximation to define the structures and energetics of sulphur in graphite, including its interactions with point defects and edges, in order to understand its role in the later stages of graphitization. We find sulphur does not cross-link layers, except where there are defects. It reacts very strongly with vacancies in neighbouring layers to form a six coordinate split vacancy structure, analogous to that found in diamond. It is also highly stable at basal edge sites, where, as might be expected, the size and valency of sulfur can be easily accommodated. This suggests a role for sulphur in stabilizing graphene edges, and following from this, we show that sulfur dimers can open, i.e. unzip, folds in graphite rapidly and exothermically.

  • 25. Agarwal, R.P.
    et al.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Zafer, A.
    Selected papers of the international workshop on difference and differential inequalities, Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey, July 3--7, 19961998In: Mathematical Inequalities & Applications, ISSN 1331-4343, E-ISSN 1848-9966, Vol. 1, no 3, p. 347-461Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 26.
    Ahmadzadeh, Farzaneh
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Lundberg, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Strömberg, Thomas
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Multivariate process parameter change identification by neural network2013In: The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, ISSN 0268-3768, E-ISSN 1433-3015, Vol. 69, no 9-12, p. 2261-2268Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Whenever there is an out-of-control signal in process parameter control charts, maintenance engineers try to diagnose the cause near the time of the signal which is not always lead to prompt identification of the source(s) of the out-of-control condition and this in some cases yields to extremely high monetary loses for manufacture owner. This paper applies multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) control charts and neural networks to make the signal identification more effective. The simulation of this procedure shows that this new control chart can be very effective in detecting the actual change point for all process dimension and all shift magnitudes considered. This methodology can be used in manufacturing and process industries to predict change points and expedite the search for failure causing parameters, resulting in improved quality at reduced overall cost. This research shows development of MEWMA by usage of neural network for identifying the step change point and the variable responsible for the change in the process mean vector.

  • 27.
    Akhmetkaliyeva, Raya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Department of Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
    Coercive estimates for the solutions of some singular differential equations and their applications2013Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This Licentiate thesis deals with the study of existence and uniqueness together with coercive estimates for solutions of certain differential equations. The thesis consists of four papers (papers A, B, C and D) and an introduction, which put these papers into a more general frame and which also serves as an overview of this interesting field of mathematics. In the text below the functions r(x), q(x), m(x) etc. are functions on (-∞,+∞), which are different but well defined in each paper. In paper A we study the separation and approximation properties for the differential operator ly=-y″+r(x)y′+q(x)y in the Hilbert space L2 :=L2(R), R=(-∞,+∞), as well as the existence problem for a second order nonlinear differential equation in L2 . Paper B deals with the study of separation and approximation properties for the differential operator ly=-y″+r(x)y′+s(x)‾y′ in the Hilbert spaceL2:=L2(R), R=(-∞,+∞), (here ¯y is the complex conjugate of y). A coercive estimate for the solution of the second order differential equation ly =f is obtained and its applications to spectral problems for the corresponding differential operatorlis demonstrated. Some sufficient conditions for the existence of the solutions of a class of nonlinear second order differential equations on the real axis are obtained. In paper C we study questions of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of the third order differential equation (L+λE)y:=-m(x)(m(x)y′)″+[q(x)+ir(x)+λ]y=f(x), (0.1) and conditions, which provide the following estimate: ||m(x)(m(x)y′)″||pp+||(q(x)+ir(x)+λ)y||pp≤ c||f(x)||pp for a solution y of (0.1). Paper D is devoted to the study of the existence and uniqueness for the solutions of the following more general third order differential equation with unbounded coefficients: -μ1(x)(μ2(x)(μ1(x)y′)′)′+(q(x)+ir(x)+λ)y=f(x). Some new existence and uniqueness results are proved and some normestimates of the solutions are given.

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  • 28.
    Akhmetkaliyeva, Raya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Department of Fundamental and Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
    Maximal regularity of the solutions for some degenerate differential equations and their applications2018Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This PhD thesis deals with the study of existence and uniqueness together with coercive estimates for solutions of certain differential equations.

    The thesis consists of six papers (papers A, B, C, D, E and F), two appendices and an introduction, which put these papers and appendices into a more general frame and which also serves as an overview of this interesting field of mathematics.

    In the text below the functionsr = r(x), q = q(x), m = m(x) etc. are functions on (−∞,+∞), which are different but well defined in each paper. Paper A deals with the study of separation and approximation properties for the differential operator                                                                                       

                                                       

    in the Hilbert space (here is the complex conjugate of ). A coercive estimate for the solution of the second order differential equation is obtained and its applications to spectral problems for the corresponding differential operator  is demonstrated. Some sufficient conditions for the existence of the solutions of a class of nonlinear second order differential equations on the real axis are obtained.

    In paper B necessary and sufficient conditions for the compactness of the resolvent of the second order degenerate differential operator  in is obtained. We also discuss the two-sided estimates for the radius of fredholmness of this operator.

    In paper C we consider the minimal closed differential operator

                                          

    in , where are continuously differentiable functions, and is a continuous function. In this paper we show that the operator is continuously invertible when these coefficients satisfy some suitable conditions and obtain the following estimate for :

                                                ,

    where is the domain of .

    In papers D, E, and F various differential equations of the third order of the form

          

    are studied in the space .

    In paper D we investigate the case when and .

    Moreover, in paper E the equation (0.1) is studied when . Finally, in paper F the equation (0.1) is investigated under certain additional conditions on .

    For these equations we establish sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the solution, and also prove an estimate of the form

         

    for the solution of equation (0.1).

                             

                           

                                 

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  • 29.
    Akhmetkaliyeva, Raya D.
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan.
    Ospanov, K. N.
    Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan.
    Zulkhazhav, A.
    Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010008, Kazakhstan.
    Compactness of the Resolvent of One Second Order Differential Operator2014In: 10th International Conference on Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Aerospace and Sciences (ICNPAA 2014) / [ed] Sivasundaram, Seenith, American Institute of Physics (AIP), 2014, Vol. 1637, no 1, p. 13-17, article id 13Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 30.
    Akhmetkaliyeva, Raya D.
    et al.
    Department of Pure Mathematics, Eurasian National University, Munaytpassov k., 13, Astana,010008, Kazakhstan.
    Persson, Lars-Erik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Department of Mathematics, Narvik University College,Postboks 385, Narvik 8505, Norway.
    Ospanov, K.N.
    Department of Pure Mathematics, Eurasian National University, Munaytpassov k., 13, Astana,010008, Kazakhstan.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Some new results concerning a class of third-order differential equations2015In: Applicable Analysis, ISSN 0003-6811, E-ISSN 1563-504X, Vol. 94, no 2, p. 419-434Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider the following third-order differential equation with unbounded coefficients:Some new existence and uniqueness results are proved, and precise estimates of the norms of the solutions are given. The obtained results may be regarded as a unification and extension of all other results of this type

  • 31.
    Aksoy, A. G.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, Claremont McKenna College.
    Maligranda, Lech
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Real interpolation and measure of weak noncompactness1995In: Mathematische Nachrichten, ISSN 0025-584X, E-ISSN 1522-2616, Vol. 175, no 1, p. 5-12Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Behavior of weak measures of noncompactness under real interpolation is investigated. It is shown that "convexity type" theorems hold true for weak measures of noncompactness.

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  • 32.
    Aksoy, A.G.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics Claremont McKenna College Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
    Maligranda, Lech
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Lipschitz-Orlicz Spaces and the Laplace Equation1996In: Mathematische Nachrichten, ISSN 0025-584X, E-ISSN 1522-2616, Vol. 178, no 1, p. 81-101Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Stein and Taibleson gave a characterization for f ϵ Lp(ℝn) to be in the spaces Lip (α, Lp) and Zyg(α, Lp) in terms of their Poisson integrals. In this paper we extend their results to Lipschitz-Orlicz spaces Lip (α, Lm) and Zygmund-Orlicz spaces Zyg (φ, Lm) and to the general function φ ϵ P instead of the power function φ(t)= tα. Such results describe the behavior of the Laplace equation in terms of the smoothness property of differences of f in Orlicz spaces Lm (IRn). More general spaces δk(φ,X, q) are also considered.

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  • 33.
    Albeverio, S.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; SFB 237, Germany; BIBoS Research Center, Germany; CERFIM, Switzerland.
    Kurasov, P.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Department of Mathematics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany; Department of Mathematical and Computational Physics, St. Petersburg University, 198904, St. Petersburg, Russia.
    Rank one perturbations, approximations, and selfadjoint extensions1997In: Journal of Functional Analysis, ISSN 0022-1236, E-ISSN 1096-0783, Vol. 148, no 1, p. 152-169Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Albeverio, S.
    et al.
    Department of Mathematics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; SFB 237 Essen-Bochum-Düsseldorf, Germany; BiBoS Research Center, Bielefeld, Germany; CERFIM, Locarno, Switzerland.
    Kurasov, Pavel
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science. Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Mathematics, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Department of Mathematical and Computational Physics, St.Petersburg University, St.Petersburg, Russia.
    Finite rank perturbations and distribution theory1999In: Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, ISSN 0002-9939, E-ISSN 1088-6826, Vol. 127, no 4, p. 1151-1161Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Perturbations AT of a selfadjoint operator A by symmetric finite rank operators T from H2A) to H-2(A) are studied. The finite dimensional family of selfadjoint extensions determined by AT is given explicitly.

  • 35.
    Albing, Malin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Contributions to process capability indices and plots2008Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    This thesis presents contributions within the field of process capability analysis. Process capability analysis deals with how to assess the capability of processes. Based on process capability analysis one can determine how the process performs relative to its product requirements or specifications. An important part within process capability analysis is the use of process capability indices. This thesis focuses on process capability indices and process capability plots. The thesis consists of six papers and a summary. The summary gives a background to the research area, a short overview of the six papers, and some suggestions for future research. The thesis summary also consists of some new results, not presented in any of the appended papers. In paper I, the frequency and use of process capability analysis, together with statistical process control and design of experiments, within Swedish companies hiring alumni students are investigated. We also investigate what motivates organisations to implement or not implement these statistical methods, and what is needed to increase the use. In papers II-III we generalize the ideas with process capability plots and propose two graphical methods, for deeming a process capable at a given significance level, when the studied quality characteristic is assumed to be normally distributed. In paper II we derive estimated process capability plots for the case when the specification interval is one-sided. In paper III we derive elliptical safety region plots for the process capability index Cpk and its one-sided correspondences. The proposed graphical methods are helpful to determine if it is the variability, the deviation from target, or both that need to be reduced to improve the capability. In papers IV-VI we propose a new class of process capability indices designed for the situation with an upper specification limit, a target value zero, and where the studied quality characteristic has a skewed, zero- bound distribution with a long tail towards large values. The proposed class of indices is simple and possesses properties desirable for process capability indices. The results in papers IV-VI are also valid for the situation with a target value, not equal to zero but equal to a natural lower limit of the quality characteristic. Three estimators of the proposed class of indices are studied and the asymptotic distributions of these estimators are derived. We also consider decision procedures, based on the estimated indices, suitable for deeming the process capability at a given significance level. The new results in the summary combines the ideas from paper II with the results in papers IV-VI and a graphical method for the class of indices proposed in IV-VI are derived.

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  • 36.
    Albing, Malin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Process capability analysis with focus on indices for one-sided specification limits2006Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this thesis some aspects of process capability analysis are considered. Process capability analysis deals with how to assess the capability of manufacturing processes. Based on the process capability analysis one can determine how the process performs relative to its product requirements or specifications. An important part within process capability analysis is the use of process capability indices. This thesis focuses on process capability indices in the situation when the specification limits are one- sided. The thesis consists of a summary and three papers, of which one is already published in an international journal. The summary gives a background to the research area, a short overview of the three papers, and some suggestions for future research. In Paper I, the frequency and use of process capability analysis together with statistical process control and design of experiments, within Swedish companies hiring alumni students are investigated. We also investigate what motivates organisations to implement or not implement these statistical methods, if there are differences in use that can be related to organisational types and what will be needed to increase the use. One conclusion drawn from the results is that the students employed in the Swedish industrial sector witness a modest use of these statistical methods and use in other sectors hiring the alumni is uncommon. In Paper II we present a graphical method useful when doing capability analysis having one-sided specification limits. This is an extension of the process capability plots previously developed for two-sided specification intervals. Under the assumption of normality we suggest estimated process capability plots to be used to assess process capability at a given significance level. The presented graphical approach is helpful to determine if it is the variability, the deviation from target, or both that need to be reduced to improve the capability. In Paper III the situation with non-negative process data having a skew distribution with a long tail towards large values are considered, when an upper specification limit only exists and the target value is 0. No proper indices exist for this specific situation, which is common in practice. We contribute to this area by proposing a new class of indices designed for skew, zero-bound distributions when an upper specification only exists and the target value is 0. This new class of indices is simple and possesses properties desirable for process capability indices. Two estimators of the proposed index are studied and the asymptotic distributions of these estimators are derived. Furthermore, we consider decision procedures, based on the estimated indices, suitable for deeming the process capability or not.

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  • 37.
    Albing, Malin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Process capability indices for Weibull distributions and upper specification limits2008Report (Other academic)
  • 38.
    Albing, Malin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Process capability indices for Weibull distributions and upper specification limits2009In: Quality and Reliability Engineering International, ISSN 0748-8017, E-ISSN 1099-1638, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 317-334Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider a previously proposed class of capability indices that are useful when the quality characteristic of interest has a skewed, zero-bound distribution with a long tail towards large values and there is an upper specification with a pre-specified target value, T = 0. We investigate this class of process capability indices when the underlying distribution is a Weibull distribution and focus on the situation when the Weibull distribution is highly skewed. We propose an estimator of the index in the studied class, based on the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters in the Weibull distribution, and derive the asymptotic distribution for this estimator. Furthermore, we suggest a decision rule based on the estimated index and its asymptotic distribution, and presents a power comparison between the proposed estimator and a previously studied estimator. A simulation study is also performed to investigate the true significance level when the sample size is small or moderate. An example from a Swedish industry is presented.

  • 39. Albing, Malin
    et al.
    Vännman, Kerstin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Elliptical safety region plots for Cpk2011In: Journal of Applied Statistics, ISSN 0266-4763, E-ISSN 1360-0532, Vol. 38, no 6, p. 1169-1187Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The process capability index Cpk is widely used when measuring the capability of a manufacturing process. A process is defined to be capable if the capability index exceeds a stated threshold value, e.g. Cpk4/3. This inequality can be expressed graphically using a process capability plot, which is a plot in the plane defined by the process mean and the process standard deviation, showing the region for a capable process. In the process capability plot, a safety region can be plotted to obtain a simple graphical decision rule to assess process capability at a given significance level. We consider safety regions to be used for the index Cpk. Under the assumption of normality, we derive elliptical safety regions so that, using a random sample, conclusions about the process capability can be drawn at a given significance level. This simple graphical tool is helpful when trying to understand whether it is the variability, the deviation from target, or both that need to be reduced to improve the capability. Furthermore, using safety regions, several characteristics with different specification limits and different sample sizes can be monitored in the same plot. The proposed graphical decision rule is also investigated with respect to power

  • 40. Albing, Malin
    et al.
    Vännman, Kerstin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Elliptical Safety Region Plots for Cpk, Cpu and Cpl2008Report (Other academic)
  • 41. Albing, Malin
    et al.
    Vännman, Kerstin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Process capability indices for one-sided specifications and skew zero-bound distributions2006Report (Other academic)
  • 42. Albing, Malin
    et al.
    Vännman, Kerstin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Skewed zero-bound distributions and process capability indices for upper specifications2009In: Journal of Applied Statistics, ISSN 0266-4763, E-ISSN 1360-0532, Vol. 36, no 2, p. 205-221Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A common practical situation in process capability analysis, which is not well developed theoretically, is when the quality characteristic of interest has a skewed distribution with a long tail towards relatively large values and an upper specification limit only exists. In such situations it is not uncommon that the smallest possible value of the characteristic is 0 and this also is the best value to obtain. Hence a target value 0 is assumed to exist. We investigate a new class of process capability indices for this situation. Two estimators of the proposed index are studied and the asymptotic distributions of these estimators are derived. Furthermore we suggest a decision procedure useful when drawing conclusions about the capability at a given significance level, based on the estimated indices and their asymptotic distributions. A simulation study is also performed, assuming that the quality characteristic is Weibull distributed, to investigate the true significance level when the sample size is finite.

  • 43.
    Al-Chalabi, Hussan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Lundberg, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Jonsson, Adam
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Case Study: Model for Economic Lifetime of Drilling Machines in the Swedish Mining Industry2015In: The Engineering Economist, ISSN 0013-791X, E-ISSN 1547-2701, Vol. 60, no 2, p. 138-154Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to develop a practical economic replacement decision model to identify the economic lifetime of a mining drilling machine. A data driven optimisation model was developed for operating and maintenance costs, purchase price and machine resale value. Equivalent present value of these costs by using discount rate was considered. The proposed model shows that the absolute optimal replacement time (ORT) of a drilling machine used in one underground mine in Sweden is 115 months. Sensitivity and regression analysis show that the maintenance cost has the largest impact on the ORT of this machine. The proposed decision making model is applicable and useful and can be implemented within the mining industry.

  • 44.
    Al-Hamadandy, Raied
    et al.
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Goss, J.P.
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Briddon, P.R.
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Mojarad, Shahin A.
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Al-Hadidi, Meaad
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    O'Neill, A.G.
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
    Rayson, Mark
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Oxygen vacancy migration in compressively strained SrTiO32013In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Vol. 113, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The intrinsic properties of strontium titanate render it promising in applications such as gate dielectrics and capacitors. However, there is growing evidence that oxygen vacancies significantly impact upon its use, with the diffusion and deep donor level of the oxygen vacancy leading to electrical leakage. Where grown epitaxially on a lattice mismatched substrate, SrTiO 3 undergoes bi-axial strain, altering its crystal structure and electronic properties. In this paper, we present the results of first-principles simulations to evaluate the impact of strain in a (001) plane upon the migration of oxygen vacancies. We show that in the range of strains consistent with common substrate materials, diffusion energies in different directions are significantly affected, and for high values of strain may be altered by as much as a factor of two. The resulting diffusion anisotropy is expected to impact upon the rate at which oxygen vacancies are injected into the films under bias, a critical factor in the leakage and resistive switching seen in this material

  • 45.
    Al-Hamadany, R.
    et al.
    Newcastle University.
    Goss, J.P.
    Newcastle University.
    Briddon, P.R.
    Newcastle University.
    Mojarad, S.A.
    Newcastle University.
    O'Neill, A.G.
    Newcastle University.
    Rayson, Mark
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Impact of tensile strain on the oxygen vacancy migration in SrTiO3: Density functional theory calculations2013In: Journal of Applied Physics, ISSN 0021-8979, E-ISSN 1089-7550, Vol. 113, no 22Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Strontium titanate is a promising dielectric material for device applications including capacitors and gate dielectrics. However, oxygen vacancies, which are inevitable donor defects mobile under bias at room temperature, lead to undesirable leakage current in SrTiO3 thin films. Epitaxially grown SrTiO3 on lattice mismatched substrates leads to strained SrTiO3, inducing structural phase transitions from a cubosymmetric non-ferroelectric geometry to tetragonal and orthorhombic structures, depending upon the sign of the strain. In this study, density functional calculations have been performed to determine the impact of isotropic biaxial tensile strain in a (001) plane upon the phase of SrTiO3 and the activation energy for the migration of oxygen vacancies in such strained SrTiO3. The phase transition of the host material yields anisotropy in oxygen vacancy diffusion for diffusion within and between planes parallel to the strain. We found a general reduction in the barrier for diffusion within and normal to the plane of tensile strain. The inter-plane diffusion barrier reduces up to 25% at high values of strain. The variation in the barrier corresponding to in-plane diffusion is smaller in comparison to inter-plane diffusion. Finally, we reflect upon how the interplay between lattice strain with native defects plays a crucial role in the conduction mechanism of thin film, strained SrTiO3

  • 46.
    Almqvist, Andreas
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Machine Elements.
    Burtseva, Evgeniya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Rajagopal, K.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas AM University, Texas, United States.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On lower-dimensional models in lubrication, Part B: Derivation of a Reynolds type of equation for incompressible piezo-viscous fluids2021In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology, ISSN 1350-6501, E-ISSN 2041-305X, Vol. 235, no 8, p. 1703-1718Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The Reynolds equation is a lower-dimensional model for the pressure in a fluid confined between two adjacent surfaces that move relative to each other. It was originally derived under the assumption that the fluid is incompressible and has constant viscosity. In the existing literature, the lower-dimensional Reynolds equation is often employed as a model for the thin films, which lubricates interfaces in various machine components. For example, in the modelling of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) in gears and bearings, the pressure dependence of the viscosity is often considered by just replacing the constant viscosity in the Reynolds equation with a given viscosity-pressure relation. The arguments to justify this are heuristic, and in many cases, it is taken for granted that you can do so. This motivated us to make an attempt to formulate and present a rigorous derivation of a lower-dimensional model for the pressure when the fluid has pressure-dependent viscosity. The results of our study are presented in two parts. In Part A, we showed that for incompressible and piezo-viscous fluids it is not possible to obtain a lower-dimensional model for the pressure by just assuming that the film thickness is thin, as it is for incompressible fluids with constant viscosity. Here, in Part B, we present a method for deriving lower-dimensional models of thin-film flow, where the fluid has a pressure-dependent viscosity. The main idea is to rescale the generalised Navier-Stokes equation, which we obtained in Part A based on theory for implicit constitutive relations, so that we can pass to the limit as the film thickness goes to zero. If the scaling is correct, then the limit problem can be used as the dimensionally reduced model for the flow and it is possible to derive a type of Reynolds equation for the pressure.

  • 47.
    Almqvist, Andreas
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Machine Elements.
    Burtseva, Evgeniya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Rajagopal, Kumbakonam R.
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University 3123, 77843-3123, College Station, TX, USA.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On modeling flow between adjacent surfaces where the fluid is governed by implicit algebraic constitutive relations2024In: Applications of Mathematics, ISSN 0862-7940, E-ISSN 1572-9109Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We consider pressure-driven flow between adjacent surfaces, where the fluid is assumed to have constant density. The main novelty lies in using implicit algebraic constitutive relations to describe the fluid’s response to external stimuli, enabling the modeling of fluids whose responses cannot be accurately captured by conventional methods. When the implicit algebraic constitutive relations cannot be solved for the Cauchy stress in terms of the symmetric part of the velocity gradient, the traditional approach of inserting the expression for the Cauchy stress into the equation for the balance of linear momentum to derive the governing equation for the velocity becomes inapplicable. Instead, a non-standard system of first-order equations governs the flow. This system is highly complex, making it important to develop simplified models. Our primary contribution is the development of a framework for achieving this. Additionally, we apply our findings to a fluid that exhibits an S-shaped curve in the shear stress versus shear rate plot, as observed in some colloidal solutions.

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  • 48.
    Almqvist, Andreas
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Machine Elements.
    Burtseva, Evgeniya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Rajagopal, Kumbakonam
    J. Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 100 Mechanical Engineering, Office Building, 3123 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3123, TX, USA.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On flow of power-law fluids between adjacent surfaces: Why is it possible to derive a Reynolds-type equation for pressure-driven flow, but not for shear-driven flow?2023In: Applications in Engineering Science, ISSN 2666-4968, Vol. 15, article id 100145Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Flows of incompressible Navier–Stokes (Newtonian) fluids between adjacent surfaces are encountered in numerous practical applications, such as seal leakage and bearing lubrication. In seals, the flow is primarily pressure-driven, whereas, in bearings, the dominating driving force is due to shear. The governing Navier–Stokes system of equations can be significantly simplified due to the small distance between the surfaces compared to their size. From the simplified system, it is possible to derive a single lower-dimensional equation, known as the Reynolds equation, which describes the pressure field. Once the pressure field is computed, it can be used to determine the velocity field. This computational algorithm is much simpler to implement than a direct numerical solution of the Navier–Stokes equations and is therefore widely employed by engineers. The primary objective of this article is to investigate the possibility of deriving a type of Reynolds equation also for non-Newtonian fluids, using the balance of linear momentum. By considering power-law fluids we demonstrate that it is not possible for shear-driven flows, whereas it is feasible for pressure-driven flows. Additionally, we demonstrate that in the full 3D model, a normal stress boundary condition at the inlet/outlet implies a Dirichlet condition for the pressure in the Reynolds equation associated with pressure-driven flow. Furthermore, we establish that a Dirichlet condition for the velocity at the inlet/outlet in the 3D model results in a Neumann condition for the pressure in the Reynolds equation.

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  • 49.
    Almqvist, Andreas
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Machine Elements.
    Burtseva, Evgeniya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Rajagopal, Kumbakonam
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Texas, USA.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On lower-dimensional models in lubrication, Part A: Common misinterpretations and incorrect usage of the Reynolds equation2021In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology, ISSN 1350-6501, E-ISSN 2041-305X, Vol. 235, no 8, p. 1692-1702Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Most of the problems in lubrication are studied within the context of Reynolds’ equation, which can be derived by writing the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation in a dimensionless form and neglecting terms which are small under the assumption that the lubricant film is very thin. Unfortunately, the Reynolds equation is often used even though the basic assumptions under which it is derived are not satisfied. One example is in the mathematical modelling of elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL). In the EHL regime, the pressure is so high that the viscosity changes by several orders of magnitude. This is taken into account by just replacing the constant viscosity in either the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation or the Reynolds equation by a viscosity-pressure relation. However, there are no available rigorous arguments which justify such an assumption. The main purpose of this two-part work is to investigate if such arguments exist or not. In Part A, we formulate a generalised form of the Navier-Stokes equation for piezo-viscous incompressible fluids. By dimensional analysis of this equation we, thereafter, show that it is not possible to obtain the Reynolds equation, where the constant viscosity is replaced with a viscosity-pressure relation, by just neglecting terms which are small under the assumption that the lubricant film is very thin. The reason is that the lone assumption that the fluid film is very thin is not enough to neglect the terms, in the generalised Navier-Stokes equation, which are related to the body forces and the inertia. However, we analysed the coefficients in front of these (remaining) terms and provided arguments for when they may be neglected. In Part B, we present an alternative method to derive a lower-dimensional model, which is based on asymptotic analysis of the generalised Navier-Stokes equation as the film thickness goes to zero.

  • 50.
    Almqvist, Andreas
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Machine Elements.
    Burtseva, Evgeniya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    Rajagopal, Kumbakonam
    Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
    Wall, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Mathematical Science.
    On lower-dimensional models of thin film flow, Part C: Derivation of a Reynolds type of equation for fluids with temperature and pressure dependent viscosity2023In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part J, journal of engineering tribology, ISSN 1350-6501, E-ISSN 2041-305X, Vol. 237, no 3, p. 514-526Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper constitutes the third part of a series of works on lower-dimensional models in lubrication. In Part A, it was shown that implicit constitutive theory must be used in the modelling of incompressible fluids with pressure-dependent viscosity and that it is not possible to obtain a lower-dimensional model for the pressure just by letting the film thickness go to zero, as in the proof of the classical Reynolds equation. In Part B, a new method for deriving lower-dimensional models of thin-film flow of fluids with pressure-dependent viscosity was presented. Here, in Part C, we also incorporate the energy equation so as to include fluids with both temperature and pressure dependent viscosity. By asymptotic analysis of this system, as the film thickness goes to zero, we derive a simplified model of the flow. We also carry out an asymptotic analysis of the boundary condition, in the case where the normal stress is specified on one part of the boundary and the velocity on the remaining part.

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