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  • 1.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Kaplan, Alexander
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Product and Production Development.
    Johansson, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Rask, Kjell
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Fältholm, Ylva
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Bergquist, Bjarne
    Projekt: LUPO - globala länkar2010Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 2.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Arasteh Khouy, Iman
    Kumar, Uday
    Schunnesson, Håkan
    Selection of maintenance strategy, using analytical hierarchy process2009In: Communications in Dependability and Quality Management, ISSN 1450-7196, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 121-132Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Selection of appropriate maintenance strategy is key to economic viability of aviation and manufacturing industries. The study discusses and presents an approach to facilitate the selection of the most appropriate maintenance strategy on the basis of the cost-benefit analysis by using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). The goal is to select the most cost-effective alternative, among Run-To-Failure (RTF), Preventive Maintenance (PM), incorporating Prognostic Health Management(PHM) capability, or any possible Design-Out Maintenance (DOM) strategies, which positively affects on aircraft operational availability. In this paper we proposed a stepwise algorithm to guide the selection process, based on two criteria of operational availability (benefit) and cost of failure.

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  • 3.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Block, Jan
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Risk based maintenance deferral for components subject to hidden failure2012In: 2012 proceedings: Annual Reliability and Maintainability Symposium (RAMS 2012) : Reno, Nevada 23-26 Jan. 2012, Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Communications Society, 2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the aviation industry, it may be necessary to employ a combination of Failure Finding Inspection (FFI) and a scheduled discard task at a specific threshold, when a component is aging and its failures are hidden and exert a “safety effect”. This is to ensure an adequate level of availability of hidden functions, and to reduce the risk of multiple failures to an acceptable level. However, in some situations, operators prefer to extend the discard life of components beyond their recommended life limit, due to operational needs or logistic issues. This necessitates the definition of an optimal Failure Finding Inspection interval for the extended life period. The main purpose of this paper is to develop analytical and graphical methodologies to identify the optimal FFI interval for extension of the discard life of aircraft components. The paper considers repairable components which are periodically tested. The methodology assumes that the inspection and repair actions lead to as-bad-as-old (ABAO) reliability characteristics.The graphical approach proposed in this paper considers inspection and repair times, as well as the costs associated with accidents, inspection, and repair, and it takes into account the opportunity losses due to the maintenance downtime. The analytical approach for calculating the unavailability of the hidden function is based on the Mean Fractional Dead Time (MFDT).

  • 4.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Garmabaki, Amir
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ghodrati, Behzad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Optimum inspection interval for hidden functions during extended life2015In: International Journal of COMADEM, ISSN 1363-7681, Vol. 18, no 3, p. 45-49Article in journal (Refereed)
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  • 5.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ghodrati, Behzad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Optimum inspection interval for hidden functions during extended life2014Conference paper (Refereed)
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  • 6. Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Gupta, Suprakash
    Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi.
    Karim, Ramin
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Selection of maintenance strategy for aircraft systems using multi-criteria decision making methodologies2010In: International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering (IJRQSE), ISSN 0218-5393, Vol. 17, no 3, p. 223-243Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper, proposes the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodology for selection of a maintenance strategy to assure the consistency and effectiveness of maintenance decisions. The methodology is based on an AHP-enhanced TOPSIS, VIKOR and benefit-cost ratio, in which the importance of the effectiveness appraisal criteria of a maintenance strategy is determined by the use of AHP. Furthermore, in the proposed methodology the different maintenance policies are ranked using the benefit-cost ratio, TOPSIS and VIKOR. The method provides a basis for consideration of different priority factors governing decisions, which may include the rate of return, total profit, or lowest investment. When the preference is the rate of return, the benefit-cost ratio is used, and for the total profit TOPSIS is applied. In cases where the decision maker has specific preferences, such as the lowest investment, VIKOR is adopted. The proposed method has been tested through a case study within the aviation context for an aircraft system. It has been found that using the methodology presented in the paper, the relative advantage and disadvantage of each maintenance strategy can be identified in consideration of different aspects, which contributes to the consistent and rationalized justification of the maintenance task selection. The study shows that application of the combined AHP, TOPSIS, and VIKOR methodologies is an applicable and effective way to implement a rigorous approach for identifying the most effective maintenance alternative.

  • 7.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Gupta, Suprakash
    Kumar, Uday
    Assessment of the cost of operational consequences of failures in aircraft operation2007In: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Reliability and Safety, 2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance decisions regarding aircraft require consideration of the operational impact of failures. The cost of the operational impact of failure is difficult to assess due to the influence of a large number of contributory factors. This study attempts to assess the cost of operational consequences of failures using the expertise of the field experts following a pairwise contribution technique. The study shows that the proposed model can be a tool to assess the cost of operational consequences of failures in aircraft operation, when there is not sufficient and reliable data

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  • 8.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Cost based risk analysis to identify inspection and restoration intervals of hidden failures subject to aging2011In: IEEE Transactions on Reliability, ISSN 0018-9529, E-ISSN 1558-1721, Vol. 60, no 1, p. 197-209Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The analytical model presented in this paper aims to study possible maintenance strategies considering risk constrains, to preserve or assure availability of hidden functions of a repairable unit in aircraft systems considering ageing effect. The paper discusses two known strategies for hidden failure management aviation and other high risk industries, namely Failure Finding Inspection (FFI), and a combination of a series of FFI and restoration after a specific number of FFI cycles ( i.e., FFI-Rs strategy). Based on discussions, the paper introduces a new approach named Dynamic Failure Finding Inspection strategy (DFFI) to assure the acceptable level of risk and also the unit's hidden function availability continuously . The paper presents analytical methods to estimate optimal FFI, and optimal thresholds for restoration of degradation (refreshing risk level) within FFI-Rs strategy. It also discusses criteria used to select appropriate thresholds to change the FFI intervals within DFFI strategy, i.e. reducing inspection intervals after specific thresholds, to reduce the risk. The method is based on the mean proportion of time i.e. (Mean Functional Dead Time, MFDT) that the unit is not functioning during the inspection intervals and the average unavailability behavior within the restoration/discard period. The proposed method considers inspection, repair, and restoration times, and takes in to account costs associated with inspection, repair, restoration, potential losses due to non-availability of aircraft due to maintenance downtime or accident often caused multiple failures.

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  • 9. Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Ghodrati, Behzad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Risk based maintenance decision for periodically tested repairable components subject to hidden failure2011In: Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Reliability, Safety and Hazard - ICRESH 2010: Mumbai Dec 15-16, 2010 / [ed] P V Varde, Piscataway, NJ: IEEE Communications Society, 2011, p. 197-204Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper aims to develop a graphical method to facilitate the identification of risk and cost of postponement of restoration for repairable components which are periodically tested and whose failures are hidden, i.e, are detectable by inspection or upon demand. The paper focuses on the items which are under aging, however, the methodology is flexible to implement for any aging pattern. The paper considers Failure Finding Inspection (FFI) with restoration actions (FFI+Res), for the “safety effect” categories of hidden failures. As-bad-as-old (ABAO) inspection effectiveness and as-good-as-new (AGAN) restoration effectiveness are considered. In case of repair due to findings by inspection, as-bad-as-old repair effectiveness is considered. The graphical methodology proposed in this paper considers inspection and repair times, as well as the costs associated with accident, inspection, repair, and restoration, and takes into account the opportunity losses due to the maintenance downtime. The analytical approach is based on the Mean Fractional Dead Time. In the case of an operational limit, when it is not possible to remove the unit for restoration, or one needs to use the unit longer than the expected operating time, the paper introduces an approach to analyzing the possibility of and conditions for providing an extension to the restoration interval that satisfies the risk constraints and the business requirements at the same time.

  • 10.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering.
    Söderholm, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    On aircraft scheduled maintenance program development2010In: Journal of Quality in Maintenance Engineering, ISSN 1355-2511, E-ISSN 1758-7832, Vol. 16, no 3, p. 229-255Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present issues and challenges of scheduled maintenance task development within the maintenance review board (MRB) process, and to find potential areas of improvement in the application of the MSG-3 methodology for aircraft systems. Design/methodology/approach – The issues and challenges as well as potential areas of improvement have been identified through a constructive review that consists of two parts. The first part is a benchmarking between the Maintenance Steering Group (MSG-3) methodology and other established and documented versions of reliability-centred maintenance (RCM). This benchmarking focuses on the MSG-3 methodology and compares it with some RCM standards to identify differences and thereby find ways to facilitate the application of MSG-3. The second part includes a discussion about methodologies and tools that can support different steps of the MSG-3 methodology within the framework of the MRB process. Findings – The MSG-3 methodology is closely related to the RCM methodology, in which the anticipated consequences of failure are considered for risk evaluation. However, MSG-3 considers neither environmental effects of failures nor operational consequences of hidden failures. Furthermore, in MSG-3, the operational check (failure-finding inspection) is given priority before all other tasks, whereas in RCM it is considered as a default action, where there is no other applicable and effective option. While RCM allows cost-effectiveness analysis for all failures that have no safety consequences, MSG-3 just allows it for failures with economic consequences. A maintenance program that is established through the MRB process fulfils the requirements of continuous airworthiness, but there is no foundation to claim that it is the optimal or the most effective program from an operator’s point-of-view. The major challenge when striving to achieve a more effective maintenance program within the MRB process is to acquire supporting methodologies and tools for adequate risk analysis, for optimal interval assignments, and for selection of the most effective maintenance task. Originality/value – The paper presents a critical review of existing aircraft scheduled maintenance program development methodologies, and demonstrates the differences between MSG-3 and other RCM methodologies.

  • 11. Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Söderholm, Peter
    Risk of operational consequences of aircraft system failure2010In: International Journal of Performability Engineering, ISSN 0973-1318, Vol. 6, no 2, p. 149-158Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to describe a methodology for identifying different operational consequences and associated costs caused by aircraft system failure, in order to facilitate and enhance the capability of taking correct and efficient decisions when analyzing the cost-effectiveness of maintenance tasks. The paper focuses on the operational consequences of failures that lead to delay. To identify the operational consequences of aircraft system failures, Empirical studies of possible scenarios involving aircraft failures and their operational consequences for a commercial airline have been performed. Empirical data were extracted through document studies and interviews, guided by the application of an Event Tree Analysis (ETA). In order to effectively utilize the knowledge of field experts in the assessment process, a pairwise comparison technique was adopted for quantifying the contribution of different factors to the operational. The work was performed together with experienced practitioners from both an aircraft manufacturer and commercial airlines, which contributed to a continuous verification of the outcome of the study.The study shows that the proposed methodology based on ETA and pairwise comparison can be used to identify and quantify the cost of operational consequences of failures in aircraft operation, when there is no sufficient and reliable data.

  • 12.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Söderholm, Peter
    Kumar, Uday
    An overview of trends in aircraft maintenance program development: past, present, and future2007In: Risk, Reliability and Societal Safety: Pproceedings of the European Safety and Reliability Conference 2007 (ESREL 2007), Stavanger, Norway, 25 - 27 June 2007 / [ed] Terje Aven; Jan Erik Vinnem, London: Taylor and Francis Group , 2007, p. 2067-2076Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The purpose of this paper is to describe the trends in aircraft maintenance program development during the last 50 years, including the reasons for the aircraft industry to change its view of maintenance. The major milestones and fundamental reasons for such development are also discussed and illustrated in relation to a flow diagram, which shows the logical and chronological order of the trends. Finally, the paper describes some possibilities and challenges as regards applying Information & Communication Technology (ICT) within the emerging approach of e-Maintenance in order to enhance the surveillance of aircraft maintenance program performance.

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  • 13.
    Ahmadzadeh, Farzaneh
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ghodrati, Behzad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Mean Residual Life Estimation Considering Operating Environment2012Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The cost of maintenance of mechanized and automated mining systems is too high necessitating efforts to enhance the effectiveness of maintenance systems and organization. For effective maintenance planning, it is important to have a good understanding of the reliability and availability characteristics of the systems. This is essential for determining the Mean Residual Life (MRL) of systems so that maintenance tasks could be planned effectively. In this paper we used the statistical approach to estimate MRL. A Weibull proportional hazard model (PHM) with time-independent covariates was considered for modelling of the hazard function so that operating environment could be integrated in the reliability analysis. Methods are presented for calculating the conditional reliability function and computing the MRL as a function of the current conditions to guarantee the desired output. The model is verified and validated using data from the Hydraulic system of an LHD fleet from a Swedish mine. The results obtained from the analysis is useful to estimate the remaining useful life of such system which can be subsequently used for effective maintenance planning and help controlling unplanned stoppages of highly mechanized and automated systems.

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  • 14.
    Al-Douri, Yamur K.
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Karim, Ramin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Parida, Aditya
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Model-based security system for data acquisition in e-maintenance using artificial immune system and cloud computing2012In: International Journal of COMADEM, ISSN 1363-7681, Vol. 15, no 4, p. 26-37Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    eMaintenance solutions are extensively used by the industry today. eMaintenance is an emerging technology aimed to support the industry to achieve effectiveness and efficiency in their maintenance process through enhanced use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) . One of the essential components is an eMaintenance solution is data acquisition. Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) has been used to manage data acquisition is many industrial systems. Nowadays, modern SCADA systems are available through internet and other networks via IP protocol. An increased use of internet–based solution requires appropriate management approaches to improve the safety and security aspects of a system. Hence, this paper suggests a new security model based security for SCADA systems through Cloud computing and Artificial Immune System (AIS). Furthermore, the paper provides AIS, which is based on Decision Tree (C4.5 algorithm) using clustered feature set. The features set are selected from NSL-KDD cup. It is a new version of KDD dataset. As a result, two Antibodies are generated (that could recognize Normal and Antigen). After applying the resulted antibodies on the testing data set, the outputs are Normal, Antigen, and Unknown. Finally it is treated with Unknown as Antigen. As a result, high accuracy of the suggested model reaches 96.3%.

  • 15.
    Al-Jumaili, Mustafa
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Tretten, Phillip
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Karim, Ramin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Study of aspects of data quality in e-maintenance2012In: International Journal of COMADEM, ISSN 1363-7681, Vol. 15, no 4, p. 3-14Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 16.
    Almgren, Gunnar
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Almgren, T.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Just-in-time and right-in-space1996In: Minerals Industry International, ISSN 0955-2847, Vol. 1032, p. 26-29Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 17.
    Almgren, Gunnar
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Kumar, UdayLuleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.Vagenas, NickLuleå University of Technology.
    Mine mechanization and automation: proceedings of the second International Symposium on Mine Mechanization and Automation, Luleå, Sweden, 7-10 June 19931993Collection (editor) (Other academic)
  • 18.
    Aminu Sanda, Mohammed
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences.
    Abrahamsson, Lena
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Human Work Science.
    Galar, Diego
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Sandin, Fredrik
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.
    Delsing, Jerker
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Embedded Internet Systems Lab.
    Lean instrumentation framework for sensor pruning and optimization in condition monitoring2011In: The Eighth International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Machinery Failure Prevention Technologies: St. David's Hotel, Cardiff, Wales, 20 - 22 June 2011 ; CM2011/MFPT2011, Longborough, Glos: Coxmoor Publishing Co. , 2011, Vol. 1, p. 202-215Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This paper discusses a lean instrumentation framework for guiding the introduction of the lean concept in condition monitoring in order to enhance the organizational capability (i.e. human, technical and management trichotomy) and reduce the complexity in the maintenance management systems of industrial companies. Additionally, decision-making, based on severity diagnosis and prognosis in condition monitoring, is a complex maintenance function which is based on large data-set of sensors measurements. Yet, the entirety of such decision-making is not dependent on only the sensors measurements, but also on other important indices, such as the human factors, organizational aspects and knowledge management. This is because, the ability to identify significant features from large amount of measured data is a major challenge for automated defect diagnosis, a situation that necessitate the need to identify signal transformations and features in new domains. The need for the lean instrumentation framework is justified by the desire to have a modern condition monitoring system with the capability of pruning to the optimal level the number of sensors required for efficient and effective serviceability of the maintenance process. It is concluded that there are methodologies that can be developed to enable more efficient condition monitoring systems, with benefits for many processes along the value chain.

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  • 19.
    Arasteh khouy, Iman
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Larsson-Kråik, Per-Olof
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Nissen, Arne
    Trafikverket.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Cost-effective track geometry maintenance limits2016In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part F, journal of rail and rapid transit, ISSN 0954-4097, E-ISSN 2041-3017, Vol. 230, no 2, p. 611-622Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the past, railway maintenance actions were usually planned based on the knowledge and experience of the infrastructure owner. The main goal was to provide a high level of safety, and there was little concern about economic and operational optimisation issues. Today, however, a deregulated competitive environment and budget limitations are forcing railway infrastructures to move from safety limits to cost-effective maintenance limits to optimise operation and maintenance procedures. By so doing, one widens the discussion to include both operational safety and cost-effectiveness for the whole railway transport system. In this study, a cost model is proposed to specify the cost-effective maintenance limits for track geometry maintenance. The proposed model considers the degradation rates of different track sections and takes into account the costs associated with inspection, tamping, delay time penalties, and risk of accidents due to poor track quality. It draws on track geometry data from the Iron Ore Line (Malmbanan) in northern Sweden, used by both passenger and freight trains, to estimate the geometrical degradation rate of each section. The methodology is based on reliability and cost analysis and facilitates the maintenance decision-making process to identify cost-effective maintenance thresholds.

  • 20.
    Arasteh khouy, Iman
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Larsson-Kråik, Per-Olof
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Nissen, Arne
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Geometrical degradation of switches and crossings on a Swedish heavy haul railroad: a case study2013In: Proceedings of 10th International Heavy Haul Association Conference, New Delhi, India, 2013, Vol. 1, p. 26-32Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Switches and crossings (S&Cs) are one of the most critical components of railway track systems in terms of safety, operation and maintenance. Each year, a considerable part of the maintenance budget is spent on inspection, maintenance and renewal of S&Cs. However, applying a cost-effective maintenance strategy helps to achieve the best performance at the lowest possible cost. In Sweden, the geometry of S&Cs is inspected at pre-defined time intervals by the STRIX track measurement car. In this paper, time series for the measured longitudinal level of S&Cs on the Iron Ore Line (Malmbanan) in northern Sweden have been used. Two parameters have been defined in this study, namely the absolute residual area (ARa) and the maximum settlement (Smax), to analyse the geometrical degradation of switches and crossings due to dynamic forces generated from train traffic. The paper also evaluates the growth rate of the longitudinal level degradation as a function of million gross tonnes (MGT). The results facilitate correct decision making in the maintenance process through understanding the degradation rate and defining the optimal maintenance thresholds for the planning process. In the long run this will lead to a cost-effective maintenance strategy with optimized inspection and maintenance intervals.

  • 21.
    Arasteh khouy, Iman
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Larsson-Kråik, Per-Olof
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Nissen, Arne
    Trafikverket.
    Lundberg, Jan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Geometrical degradation of railway turnouts: a case study from a Swedish heavy haul railroad2014In: Proceedings of the Institution of mechanical engineers. Part F, journal of rail and rapid transit, ISSN 0954-4097, E-ISSN 2041-3017, Vol. 228, no 6, p. 611-619Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Turnouts are critical components of track systems in terms of safety, operation and maintenance. Each year, a considerable part of the maintenance budget is spent on their inspection, maintenance and renewal. Applying a cost-effective maintenance strategy helps to achieve the best performance at the lowest possible cost. In Sweden, the geometry of turnouts is inspected at predefined time intervals using the STRIX / IMV 100 track measurement car. This study uses time series for the measured longitudinal level of turnouts on the Iron Ore Line (Malmbanan) in northern Sweden. Two different approaches are applied to analyse the geometrical degradation of turnouts due to dynamic forces generated by train traffic. In the first approach, the recorded measurements are adjusted at the crossing point and then the relative geometrical degradation of turnouts is evaluated by using two defined parameters, the absolute residual area and the maximum settlement, In the second approach, various geometry parameters are defined to estimate the degradation in each measurement separately. The growth rate of the longitudinal level degradation as a function of million gross tonnes / time is evaluated. The proposed methods are based on characterisation of the individual track measurements. The results facilitate correct decision-making in the maintenance process through understanding the degradation rate and defining the optimal maintenance thresholds for the planning process. In the long run, this can lead to a cost-effective maintenance strategy with optimised inspection and maintenance intervals.

  • 22.
    Asplund, Matthias
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Larsson, Dan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Rantatalo, Matti
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Nissen, Arne
    Trafikverket.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Inspection of railway turnouts using camera2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The railway turnout is an essential component in a railway system, used to divert traffic along different tracks. A turnout includes a number of different parts, including the switch blade, frog, point machine, switch roller, soleplate, check rail, wing rail, drive rods, control rods and other bars. These parts must be kept in good condition, meeting functional and safety requirements. Failing to comply will result in a reduction of the network’s capacity with economic consequences. Not honouring the safety limits could result in severe accidents, including derailment, causing human casualties. By performing the right type of inspection and/or maintenance at the right time, these unwanted events can be reduced. To determine if and when a maintenance action should be performed, the condition of the turnout must be established, usually by manual inspections or with measurement vehicles. The drawback is the discrete nature of these inspection events. Failure modes with development times shorter than the inspection interval could result in a malfunction of the unit. An on-line measurement system would be able to deal with these failure events and initiate correct maintenance actions at an earlier stage. With an on-line system, remotely located turnouts could be inspected without on-site personnel. Capacity consuming failures of turnouts with a strategic location or with bottleneck characteristics could also be corrected before they affect traffic. This paper describes a feasibility study of a camera based inspection system for turnouts and discusses the effect the method could have on system reliability and capacity.

  • 23. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    A method for managing the availability improvement efforts2006In: Engineering Asset Management: Proceedings of the First World Congress on Engineering Asset Management (WCEAM), London: Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag, 2006, p. 445-451Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Availability is an important characteristic of a repairable system. When the availability of system is low, efforts are needed to improve it. Any improvement in the availability of a system is associated with the requirement of additional effort and cost. Therefore, it is essential to use methods or techniques for availability allocation amongst various components/subsystems of a system with the minimum effort and cost. The concept of importance measures could be used to prioritize the components or subsystems for the availability improvement process. The study shows, it is useful to obtain the availability importance measures value of each component in the system prior to deploying resources towards improving the specific components. With the assistance of importance measures one can identify the components/subsystems that merit additional research and development to improve their availabilities, so that the greatest gain is achieved in the system availability. Each component should be assigned a value and the component with a greater value will have a greater influence on the availability of the system. Generally, the importance of components should be used during the design or evaluation of systems to determine which components or subsystems have the greatest importance for the availability of the system.

  • 24. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Availability alocation through importance measures2007In: International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, ISSN 0265-671X, E-ISSN 1758-6682, Vol. 24, no 6, p. 643-657Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - To define availability importance measures in order to calculate the criticality of each component or subsystem from availability point of view and also to demonstrate the application of such importance measures for achieving optimal resource allocation to arrive at the best possible availability. Design/methodology/approach - In this study the availability importance measures of a component are defined as a partial derivative of the system availability with respect to the component availability, failure rate, and repair rate. Analyses of these measures for a crushing plant are performed and the results are presented. Furthermore, a methodology aimed at improving the availability of a system using the concept of importance measures is identified and demonstrated by use of a numerical example.Findings - The availability importance measure of a component/subsystem is an index which shows how far an individual component contributes to the overall system availability. The research study indicates that the availability importance measures could be applied in developing a strategy for availability improvement. The subsystem/component with the largest value of importance measure has the greatest effect on the system availability. Research limitations/implications -The result of availability improvement strategy is demonstrated using only a hypothetical example.Practical implications - Using of availability importance measures will help managers and engineers to identify weaknesses and indicate modifications which will improve the system availability.Originality/value - This paper presents the concept of availability importance measure for a component/subsystem. It also introduces some availability importance measures based on failure rate, mean time between failures (MTBF), and repair rate/mean time to repair (MTTR) of a component /subsystem. The concept of importance measures are used to prioritize the components or subsystems for the availability improvement process.

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  • 25. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Maintenance schedule by using reliability analysis: a case study at Jajarm bauxite mine of Iran2005In: 20th World Mining Congress, November 7-11, 2005, Tehran, Iran: mining and sustainable development, Teheran: Geological Survey of Iran , 2005Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance represents a significant proportion of the overall operating costs in the mining industry. The optimal maintenance scheduling can reduce the cost of maintenance and extend equipment lifetime. Since the cost of maintenance is very high, therefore, mining industry need to reduce maintenance cost reasonably meanwhile keeping system reliability and availability high. Despite the large cost of maintenance, mine management has only given passing attention to the optimization of the maintenance process. Performance of a mine production system depends on reliability and effectiveness of maintenance strategy of the equipment. An unplanned failure can result in significantly higher repair costs than a planned maintenance or repair. Of even more important is the loss of production associated with larger equipment failures. This paper is divided into two parts. First part introduces a methodology for optimal maintenance scheduling using reliability analysis and maintenance data analysis, in the form of time between failure and time to repair distributions. In the second part we present a case study from Jajarm bauxite mine of Iran to illustrate the effectiveness of the maintenance scheduling model.

  • 26. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Production assurance concept for a mine production system2008In: Mine planning and equipment selection: proceedings of seventeenth International Symposium on Mine Planning and Equipment Selection (MPES 2008), held in Beijing, China October 20-22, 2008 / [ed] Raj K Singhal, Bejing: Conference Division, Metallurgical Council of CCPIT , 2008, p. 379-387Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 27. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Reliability analysis of mining equipment: a case study of a crushing plant at Jajarm Bauxite Mine in Iran2008In: Reliability Engineering & System Safety, ISSN 0951-8320, E-ISSN 1879-0836, Vol. 93, no 4, p. 647-653Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The performance of mining machines depends on the reliability of the equipment used, the operating environment, the maintenance efficiency, the operation process, the technical expertise of the miners, etc. As the size and complexity of mining equipments continue to increase, the implications of equipment failure become ever more critical. Therefore, reliability analysis is required to identify the bottlenecks in the system and to find the components or subsystems with low reliability for a given designed performance. It is important to select a suitable method for data collection as well as for reliability analysis. This paper presents a case study describing reliability and availability analysis of the crushing plant number 3 at Jajarm Bauxite Mine in Iran. In this study, the crushing plant number 3 is divided into six subsystems. The parameters of some probability distributions, such as Weibull, Exponential, and Lognormal distributions have been estimated by using ReliaSoft's Weibull++6 software. The results of the analysis show that the conveyer subsystem and secondary screen subsystem are critical from a reliability point of view, and the secondary crusher subsystem and conveyer subsystem are critical from an availability point of view. The study also shows that the reliability analysis is very useful for deciding maintenance intervals.

  • 28.
    Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Reliability Characteristics Based Maintenance Scheduling: A Case Study of a Crushing Plant2007In: International Journal of Performability Engineering, ISSN 0973-1318, Vol. 3, no 3, p. 319-328Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The cost of maintenance is too high in mining industry to ignore. This is mainly due to poor understanding of the maintenance process which is greatly influenced by the reliability characteristics of the operating system. The paper introduces an approach for maintenance scheduling of a mining system based on reliability analysis which is divided into two parts. The first part introduces a methodology for optimal maintenance scheduling based on analysis of maintenance data in the form of time-between-failure and time-to-repair distributions. In the second part, we present a case study from Jajarm Bauxite Mine in Iran to illustrate the applicability of the maintenance scheduling model.

  • 29. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Markeset, T.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Overall production assurance effectiveness2008In: Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress on Engineering Asset Management and Intelligent Maintenance Systems: WCEAM-IMS 2008 : Engineering Asset Management - A Foundation for Sustainable Development, 27 - 30 October 2008, Beijing, China, 2008, p. 202-206Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 30. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Markeset, Tore
    University of Stavanger.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    A framework for improvement of production plant performance using production assurance programs2010In: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management, ISSN 0975-6809, E-ISSN 0976-4348, Vol. 1, no 1, p. 59-65Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The main objective of a production assurance program (PAP) for a production plant is to ensure that the planned production capacity is achieved. The assurance programs describe the activities necessary to fulfil the objectives, how they will be carried out, by whom, and when. These activities also provide input to decisions-making regarding design, manufacturing, construction, installation, operation, and maintenance of plants. It is a challenge to manage and improve production assurance. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a methodology for improvement of production assurance performance through PAP, organized into four steps, namely data collection and information management, modeling and data analysis, generation of improvement alternatives and evaluation and decision-making.

  • 31. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Markeset, Tore
    University of Stavanger.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Improvement of production plant performance using production assurance programs2007Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    There is an increased use of production assurance programmes in Oil and Gas industries. The programme describes the production assurance activities necessary to fulfill the objectives, how they will be carried out, by whom and when. The activities provide input to decisions regarding concept, design, manufacturing, construction, installation, operation and maintenance. It is a challenge to manage and improve production assurance. The aim of this paper is to present and discuss a methodology for improvement of production assurance performance. The proposed methodology consists of four steps. These steps are i) data collection and information management; ii) modeling and data analysis; and iii) generate improvement alternatives; and iv) evaluation alternatives and decision making.

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  • 32. Barabady, Javad
    et al.
    Markeset, Tore
    University of Stavanger.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Review and discussion of production assurance program2010In: International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, ISSN 0265-671X, E-ISSN 1758-6682, Vol. 27, no 6, p. 702-720Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to review, discuss and further develop the production assurance (PA) concept; and to define and describe a typical production assurance program (PAP) and its elements. Design/methodology/approach - An explorative literature study covering PA and dependability concept was carried out on contemporary literature. During the course of the study, meetings and discussions with a number of experts in Sweden and Norway were performed. Different types of data and examples from the oil and gas industries are used to illustrate and support the discussions. Findings - This paper indicates that the concept of PA helps the decision maker to estimate whether a production plant is able to meet customer requirements, as it provides information about the production plant's delivery capacity, production rate and ability to deliver according to design or customer demands. PAP can provide a basis for effective production control. Research limitations/implications - The material analysed was mainly related to the oil and gas industry. However, the findings and discussion can be transferred to other areas of application, such as mine production plants and chemical process plants. Practical implications - A PAP is a valuable tool for production plant managers and engineers, not only for documenting a production plant's performance, but also for providing decision support for the development and optimization of the production plant to improve the plant's performance and reduce risk and uncertainties. Originality/value - In this paper the concept of dependability is extended to include capacity performance and customer requirements or market demand, which provides a measure for delivery assurance or plant production performance in relation to customer requirements. This paper also develops a generic PAP to achieve a high level of delivery assurance.

  • 33. Basu, A.
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Business case for sustainable performance: management at the project level leading to project sustainability2002In: MTM - 2002 Proceedings: International Seminar on Mining, Technology, and Management for Business Excellence, New Delhi, November 2002, Hyderabad: Mining Engineers' Association of India , 2002Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 34.
    Basu, Arun J.
    et al.
    Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Innovation and technology driven sustainability performance management framework (ITSPM) for the mining and minerals sector2004In: International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, ISSN 1389-5265, E-ISSN 1744-5000, Vol. 18, no 2, p. 135-149Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Sustainable development (SD) has been defined as the development that lasts while also contributing to a better quality of life for everyone involved (stakeholders). This is a global concept that integrates and balances the social, economic, and environment factors. A major component of implementing the SD concepts is its governance. Activities such as training and developing standards of measuring SD (indicators) are of critical importance for control and proper implementation of SD for the mining and minerals industry in a global scale maintaining the local constraints. Achieving project sustainability satisfies a local sustainability goal, which in turn would contribute to the corporate sustainability, and then the global sustainability of a country or a region. A sustainable development framework in the form of sustainable performance management (SPM) is addressed. Implementation of SPM requires a set of indicators for measuring, monitoring, and reporting the progress. This paper emphasises the need for innovation and technology driven sustainable performance management (ITSPM) framework, encapsulated by a Multi-Stakeholder Process (MSP) for performance management and developing the relevant performance indicators.

  • 35.
    Ben‐daya, Mohammed
    et al.
    King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Murthy, D.N. Prabhakar
    The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
    Introduction to Maintenance Engineering: Modeling, Optimization, and Management2016Book (Other academic)
  • 36.
    Biledt, E.
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Condition monitoring of hydraulic system on load-hand dump machines1991In: Condition monitoring '91: proceedings of an International Conference on Condition Monitoring held at the Stadthalle, Erding, Germany, 14-16 May 1991 / [ed] Mervin H. Jones; J. Guttenberg; H. Brenneke, Swansea: Pineridge Press , 1991Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 37.
    Björling, Sten-Erik
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Baglee, David
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Galar, Diego
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Singh, Sarbjeet
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Maintenance knowledge management with fusion of CMMS and CM2013In: DMIN 2013 International Conference on Data Mining: 22nd -25th July 2013, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA, 2013Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance can be considered as an information, knowledge processing and management system. The management of knowledge resources in maintenance is a relatively new issue compared to Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) and Condition Monitoring (CM) approaches and systems. Information Communication technologies (ICT) systems including CMMS, CM and enterprise administrative systems amongst others are effective in supplying data and in some cases information. In order to be effective the availability of high-quality knowledge, skills and expertise are needed for effective analysis and decision-making based on the supplied information and data. Information and data are not by themselves enough, knowledge, experience and skills are the key factors when maximizing the usability of the collected data and information. Thus, effective knowledge management (KM) is growing in importance, especially in advanced processes and management of advanced and expensive assets. Therefore efforts to successfully integrate maintenance knowledge management processes with accurate information from CMMSs and CM systems will be vital due to the increasing complexities of the overall systems.Low maintenance effectiveness costs money and resources since normal and stable production cannot be upheld and maintained over time, lowered maintenance effectiveness can have a substantial impact on the organizations ability to obtain stable flows of income and control costs in the overall process. Ineffective maintenance is often dependent on faulty decisions, mistakes due to lack of experience and lack of functional systems for effective information exchange [10]. Thus, access to knowledge, experience and skills resources in combination with functional collaboration structures can be regarded as vital components for a high maintenance effectiveness solution.Maintenance effectiveness depends in part on the quality, timeliness, accuracy and completeness of information related to machine degradation state, based on which decisions are made. Maintenance effectiveness, to a large extent, also depends on the quality of the knowledge of the managers and maintenance operators and the effectiveness of the internal & external collaborative environments. With emergence of intelligent sensors to measure and monitor the health state of the component and gradual implementation of ICT) in organizations, the conceptualization and implementation of E-Maintenance is turning into a reality. Unfortunately, even though knowledge management aspects are important in maintenance, the integration of KM aspects has still to find its place in E-Maintenance and in the overall information flows of larger-scale maintenance solutions. Nowadays, two main systems are implemented in most maintenance departments: Firstly, Computer Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS), the core of traditional maintenance record-keeping practices that often facilitate the usage of textual descriptions of faults and actions performed on an asset. Secondly, condition monitoring systems (CMS). Recently developed (CMS) are capable of directly monitoring asset components parameters; however, attempts to link observed CMMS events to CM sensor measurements have been limited in their approach and scalability. In this article we present one approach for addressing this challenge. We argue that understanding the requirements and constraints in conjunction - from maintenance, knowledge management and ICT perspectives - is necessary. We identify the issues that need be addressed for achieving successful integration of such disparate data types and processes (also integrating knowledge management into the “data types” and processes).

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  • 38. Björling, Sten-Erik
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    ICT concepts for managing future challenges in e-maintenance2009In: 22nd International Congress on Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management: COMADEM 2009 ; June 9 - 11, 2009, San Sebastian, Spain, Miramar Palace / [ed] Aitor Arnaiz, Eibar: Fundaci n Tekniker , 2009Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The maintenance & operations fields are & will increasingly be dominated by information fragmentation, product & process complexities, increasingly important needs to access relevant knowledge in an ever faster pace, increased need for accurate analysis & implementation of the analysis results & need for more effective & accurate management.In addition to this the created solutions & processes also has to be effectively used in different work contexts including mobile work contexts & supporting interoperability with external ICT systems & processes. ICT-based frameworks should according to the factors & challenges described above be structured to be flexible enough to over time integrate new types of information & services, be usable both internally in the industrial facilities & in the field (mobile) & effectively act as a bridge between older & future ICT-systems. An example of such an integration approach is the PROTEUS project aiming at developing an "integrating" platform for maintenance management. The frameworks described during this presentation also will include modularised integration of not only data in existing maintenance systems and knowledge resources but also integration with web services (SOA), access & management of external computational services (analysis). These different modules will be accessible more dynamically than earlier web-based solutions. This in an environment that support several parallel work contexts & use not only in fixed networks but also in mobile / nomadic settings allowing a high degree of flexibility for the maintenance & operations staff.

  • 39.
    Block, Jan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Tyrberg, Tommy
    Support and Services, Saab, Sweden.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Fleet-Level Reliability Analysis of Repairable Units: A Non-Parametric Approach using the Mean Cumulative Function2013In: International Journal of Performability Engineering, ISSN 0973-1318, Vol. 9, no 3, p. 333-344Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Complex technical systems are normally repaired rather than replaced when they fail. It is often desirable to analyze the reliability characteristics of these systems based on data generated in a customer use environment, in order to assess the reliability, frequency of failure or other parameters which may be influenced by the systems’ age and usage. Despite the advantages of continuously analyzing reliability data to be able to improve the maintenance programme continuously, methods such as parametric and non-parametric analysis are often ignored due to a belief that the mean time between failures (MTBF) is sufficient to describe the reliability pattern of repairable units. This paper describes the use of the mean cumulative function (MCF) and linear estimates based on the recurrence rate to predict the expected number of failures in the future. Reliability data from two repairable units are used to verify the procedure and comparison. The empirical data used in the paper is based on field data gathered during the operational life of the Swedish military aircraft system FPL 37 Viggen from 1977 to 2006, which essentially is the whole life cycle of the system.

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  • 40.
    Block, Jan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Tyrberg, Tommy
    Saab Aerotech.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Fleet-level Reliability of Multiple Repairable Units: a Parametric Approach using the Power Law Process2014In: International Journal of Performability Engineering, ISSN 0973-1318, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 239-250Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The application of parametric reliability analysis methods for repairable units, such as Power law process, is quite clear and straightforward for a single repairable unit. However, in practice, the analyst needs to know the reliability characteristics of units at a fleet level. The application of parametric reliability analysis methods at the fleet level, even if it is limited in scope, is quite complex. The aim of this paper is to describe the use of the power law process for multiple repairable units with differing reliability characteristics, to predict the expected number of failures at fleet level. The empirical data used in the paper are based on field data gathered during the operational life of two types of multi repairable units used in the Swedish military aircraft system FPL 37 Viggen from 1977 to 2006. The paper performs the trend test using TTT-based MIL-HDBK-189 and Laplace tests, and assesses the equality of shape-parameters for the intensity function of the power law process for multiple units. Estimation of the scale- and shape-parameters using maximum likelihood estimation is also performed. The parametric approach using power law process was found to yield relatively accurate estimations of number of failures, compared to empirical data

  • 41.
    Block, Jan
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics. Saab Support and Services, Logistics Analysis and Fleet Monitoring, Lifecycle Logistics Division, Linköping, Sweden.
    Ahmadi, Alireza
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Xun, Xiao
    School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Spares Provisioning Strategy for Periodically Replaced Units within the Fleet Retirement Period2019In: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management, ISSN 0975-6809, E-ISSN 0976-4348, Vol. 10, no 3, p. 299-315Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Within aviation enterprises, the process of dismantling an aircraft at the end of its life is referred to as parting-out. Obviously, the asset value of the units and materials parted out from the retired airframes can be considerable. The benchmarked best practice within the aviation industry is to dismantle the retired aircraft and use the parted-out spares to support the remaining fleet or to offer them on the surplus market. Part-out-based spares provisioning (PBSP) has been a major focus of attention for aviation companies. The PBSP approach is a complex task that requires a multidisciplinary and integrated decision-making process. In order to control the stock level and fulfil the decision criteria within PBSP, it is necessary to make decisions on the termination, at specific times, of both the parting-out process and the maintenance and repair actions performed on the units.

    This paper considers repairable units and introduces a computational model to identify the applicable alternatives for repair termination times that will minimize the number of remaining spares at the end of the retirement period, while fulfilling the availability requirement for spares during the PBSP period, at the lowest possible cost.  The feasible alternatives are compared with regard to their respective costs, and the most cost-effective solution is selected. The cost model uses estimates of future maintenance requirements, the turn-around times, the cost of the various maintenance tasks, the future spares consumption, and the estimated salvage of spares from retired aircraft. The output of the model is a set of applicable alternatives which satisfy the availability requirements for spares for the active fleet. The method is illustrated using a case study performed on the Saab-105 training aircraft. 

    The results show that the proposed PBSP approach and computational model provide added value from a sustainability point of view, since the use of existing resources is maximized during the retirement process, through the process of reclaiming units and the applicable maintenance termination alternatives. The implementation of the proposed computational model in a PBSP programme provides a detailed and situation-based overview of the stock level dynamics, and contributes to the spares provisioning process by providing solutions to issues such as obsolescence, last-time buys and cannibalization.

  • 42.
    Candell, Olov
    et al.
    Saab Aerotech, Aircraft Services Division, Linköping, SE-581 88, Sweden.
    Karim, Ramin
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Söderholm, Peter
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Business Administration, Technology and Social Sciences, Business Administration and Industrial Engineering.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Server-oriented information logistics as support to intelligent transport services2010In: 16th World Congress and Exhibition on Intelligent Transport Systems 2009: 16th ITS World Congress ; Stockholm, Sweden, 21 - 25 September 2009, Curran Associates, Inc., 2010Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Today‟s society is dependent on an increasing volume of transportation services, which contributes to escalating requirements on economy, dependability, safety, and sustainability of applied transportation systems. When dealing with complex transportation systems with long life cycles, maintenance is fundamental to ensure these critical requirements. The increasing requirements and the technological development have also lead to the emerging approach of eMaintenance, which applies innovative Information & Communication Technology (ICT) to achieve effective information logistics for maintenance purposes. This paper describes the role and development of service-oriented eMaintenance solutions to enable intelligent transportation services and some related research efforts within railway and aviation.

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  • 43.
    Chamkhorami, Khosro Soleimani
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics. Faculty of Computer Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
    Kasraei, Ahmad
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics. Luleå university of technology.
    Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Famurewa, Stephen Mayowa
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Odelius, Johan
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Implications of Climate Change in Life Cycle Cost Analysis of Railway Infrastructure2023In: Proceedings of the 33rd European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2023) / [ed] Mário P. Brito; Terje Aven, Piero Baraldi; Marko Čepin; Enrico Zio, Research Publishing , 2023, p. 2089-2096, article id P093Conference paper (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Extreme weather conditions from climate change, including high or low temperatures, snow and ice, flooding,storms, sea level rise, low visibility, etc., can damage railway infrastructure. These incidents severely affect the reliability of the railway infrastructure and the acceptable service level. Due to the inherent complexity of the railway system, quantifying the impacts of climate change on railway infrastructure and associated expenses has been challenging. To address these challenges, railway infrastructure managers must adopt a climate-resilient approach that considers all cost components related to the life cycle of railway assets. This approach involves implementing climate adaptation measures to reduce the life cycle costs (LCC) of railway infrastructure while maintaining the reliability and safety of the network. Therefore, it is critical for infrastructure managers to predict, "How will maintenance costs be affected due to climate change in different RCP's scenarios?"The proposed model integrates operation and maintenance costs with reliability and availability parameters such as mean time to failure (MTTF) and mean time to repair (MTTR). The proportional hazard model (PHM) is used to reflect the dynamic effect of climate change by capturing the trend variation in MTTF and MTTR. A use case from a railway in North Sweden is studied and analyzed to validate the process. Data collected over a 20-year period is analyzed for the chosen use case. As a main result, this study has revealed that climate change may significantly influence the LCC of switch and crossing (S&C) and can help managers predict the required budget.

  • 44.
    Chattopadhyay, G.
    et al.
    Queensland University of Technology.
    Kumar, Saurabh
    Larsson-Kråik, Per-Olof
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Estimation of parameter for rail degradation2006In: Condition Monitoring and Diagnostic Engineering Management: COMADEM 2006 ; proceedings of the 19th international congress, Luleºa, Sweden, 12 - 15 June 2006 / [ed] Uday Kumar, Luleå: Luleå tekniska universitet, 2006, p. 605-612Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Rail degradation is a significant problem for rail industries. Wear and fatigue comprises major component of rail degradation. It depends on operational conditions such as train speed, axle load, rail-wheel material type, size and profile, track construction, characteristics of bogie type, Million Gross Tonnes (MGT), curvature, traffic type, weather and environmental conditions. Development of prediction model related to those defects leading to rail breaks and/or rail replacements is vital for economic and safe operation of rail services. Estimation of parameter for failure models is necessary for accurate prediction of expected number of rail defects over a period of time based on Million Gross Tonnes (MGT) traffic, operating conditions and maintenance strategies. This paper focuses on collection and analysis of field data for various defects developed in rail track over a period of time for estimation of parameter for models predicting degradation of rails.

  • 45. Dandotiya, Rajiv
    et al.
    Fuqing, Yuan
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Optimal maintenance decision for line reparable units (LRU’s) for an aircraft system — A conceptual approach2008In: Quarterly Journal of the Operational Research Society of India (OPSEARCH), ISSN 0030-3887, E-ISSN 0975-0320, Vol. 45, no 3, p. 291-302Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Maintenance decisions concerning repair of the Line Replaceable Unit (LRU) of an aircraft fleet need to be considered carefully while deciding the phasing out of the fleet. This is important for achieving higher degree of cost effectiveness and fleet availability at desired level. Discard rate and phasing out period for an aircraft fleet are the critical parameters for determining optimum time to stop the maintenance of LRU. The economic value of remaining useful life of an aircraft fleet should be taken into consideration by salvaging the LRU at the end of the phasing out. The paper suggests a methodology to arrive the time that will minimize the total life cycle cost and provide us economic basis to withdraw the maintenance resources. A mathematical model has been developed for the discard rate of aircrafts based on failure rate, mission life and remaining useful life of the aircrafts in the fleet. This will assist in fulfilling the managing demand of LRU while phasing out of the aircraft fleet.

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    fulltext
  • 46.
    Eker, O.F.
    et al.
    Meliksah University, Kayseri, Turkey.
    Camci, F.
    Meliksah University, Kayseri, Turkey; Integrated Vehicle Health Management Centre, Cranfield University, United Kingdom.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    SVM based diagnostics on railway turnouts2012In: International Journal of Performability Engineering, ISSN 0973-1318, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 289-298Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Railway turnout systems are one of the most critical pieces of equipment in railway infrastructure. Early identification of failures in turnout systems is important to obtain increased availability and safety, and reduced operating and support costs. This paper aims to develop a method to identify 'drive-rod out-of-adjustment' failure mode, one of the most frequently observed failure modes. Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Gaussian kernel is used for diagnosis. In addition, the results of feature selection with statistical t-test and feature reduction with principal component analysis (PCA) are compared in the paper

  • 47.
    Eker, Omer Faruk
    et al.
    Fatih University.
    Camci, Fatih
    Meliksah University, Kayseri.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Failure diagnostics on railway turnout systems using support vector machines2010In: Proceedings of the 1st international workshop and congress on eMaintenance, Luleå tekniska universitet, 2010, p. 248-251Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Railway turnout systems are one of the most critical pieces of equipment in railway infrastructure. Early identification of failures in turnout systems is important to obtain increased availability and safety, and reduced operating & support cost. This paper aims to develop a method to identify „drive-rod out-ofadjustment‟ failure mode, one of the most frequently observed failure modes. Support Vector Machine with Gaussian kernel is used for classification. In addition, results of feature selection with statistical t-test and feature reduction with principal component analysis are compared in the paper.

    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 48. Ellingsen, H.P.
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Liyanage, J.P.
    Nerhus, O.
    Waldeland, R.
    Hamre, R.
    Nielsen, N.M.
    Dragesaet, K.
    Management of assets, resources and maintenance by using a balanced scorecard based performance framework2002In: Proceedings of the 16th European Maintenance Congress: Euromaintenance 2002, 2002, p. 203-211Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 49. Espling, Ulla
    et al.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Development of a proactive maintenance strategy for railway infrastructure: a case study2004Conference paper (Other academic)
    Download full text (pdf)
    FULLTEXT01
  • 50.
    Famurewa, Stephen Mayowa
    et al.
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Asplund, Matthias
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Galar, Diego
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Kumar, Uday
    Luleå University of Technology, Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Operation, Maintenance and Acoustics.
    Implementation of performance based maintenance contracting in railway industries2013In: International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management, ISSN 0975-6809, E-ISSN 0976-4348, Vol. 4, no 3, p. 231-240Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The achievement of maintenance objectives to support the overall business objectives is the pursuit of any maintenance department. Using in-house or outsourced maintenance service provider is a decision which poses challenge in the management of maintenance function. Should the decision be for outsourcing, the next concern is the selection of the most appropriate strategy suitable for the business environment, structure and philosophy. In an effort to improve maintenance function so as to deliver set objectives, some infrastructure managers (IM) adopted the approach of outsourcing maintenance function, giving larger responsibilities to maintenance service providers called contractors. Moreover, such change requires adequate attention to meet the pressing need of achieving the designed capacity of the existing railway infrastructure and also support a competitive and sustainable transport system. This paper discusses performance based railway infrastructure maintenance contracting with its issues and challenges. The approach of this article is review of literature and as well as synthesis of practices. A framework to facilitate the successful implementation of Performance Based Railway Infrastructure Maintenance (PBRIM) is presented. Also a performance monitoring system is proposed to assess the outcome and identify improvement potentials of the maintenance outsourcing strategy. A case study is given to demonstrate the monitoring of a typical maintenance activity that can be outsourced using this outsourcing strategy.

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