Little research has been done on female board representation in emerging market multinational enterprises (EMNEs). Our paper considers the role of female board representation and its impact on open innovation (OI) in the unique context of emerging markets. We draw on upper echelons and institutional theories to understand how female board representation and cross-country institutional contexts influence coupled OI. Combining a 10-year (2009–2019) dataset with a rich in-depth content analysis of 183 (EMNEs) engaged in OI, our results reveal a significant positive association between female board representation and a firm's commitment to coupled OI initiatives. We also find that country-level institutional factors affect and positively moderate the relationship between female board representation and coupled OI. In emerging market environments where managerial perception and cultural beliefs sometimes hinder the promotion of females into top positions, our work has implications for EMNEs regarding how they harness diversity. We contribute to the OI literature by showing that female board representation enhances corporate OI investment within EMNEs.

Syftet med sessionen är att lyfta upp hur utbildning och forskning inom ämnet företagsekonomi kan bidra till hållbart företagande. Vårt fokus är dels att kartlägga den befintliga situationen och dels att diskutera framtida utmaningar och kunskapsbehov som ytterligare kan stärka det företagsekonomiska bidraget till hållbart företagande. Först kommer vi att diskutera hur hållbarhetsperspektivet (sustainability, CSR, business ethics) idag integreras i företagsekonomisk grund- och forskarutbildning i Sverige. Därefter kommer vi att lyfta upp exempel på svensk hållbarhetsforskning inom ämnet företagsekonomi samt hur denna på olika sätt kan implementeras ute i företag och organisationer och därigenom bidra till hållbart företagande. Forskning som kommer att belysas är bl.a. hållbarhetsredovisning, integrerad rapportering, värdering av hållbarhetsprestationer och väsentlighetsanalyser.

Financial analysts’ role as information intermediaries between management teams and investors is vital for the efficient allocation of resources on the stock market. The increased focus on sustainability information in corporate reports has affected financial analysts in their important work of interpreting, assessing and communicating value-added information to their clients, i.e. the investors. The challenges they face relate to the ambiguous nature of sustainability information and its difference from traditional financial information. How do analysts reach through this smokescreen? How do analysts make sense of sustainability information, and how do they give sense to this information when they provide investment advices to their investors? In this chapter, these challenges are addressed from a cognitive-frame perspective. We argue that the first part of 2000s was characterized by cognitive dissonance due to both a low social legitimacy and a low cognitive legitimacy, i.e. sustainability was not yet requested by the investors to be attended to and it was regarded too ambiguous to be relevant for being considered in a valuation context. In the latter part of 2010s, we argue that there is only a partial cognitive dissonance. At this time, sustainability information is beginning to be socially legitimate and requested by investors. However, the complexity of the situation remains. This type of information is still not considered as cognitive legitimate due to the ambiguous nature, which renders difficulties for the sense-making and sense-giving processes. The findings have implications not the least in the ongoing quest of developing frameworks, standards and legislation (e.g. the EU directive (2014/EU/95)), that opt for improving the relevance, credibility and comparability of sustainability information.

Using data from world-leading digital-driven/technology multinational enterprises (DTMNEs), we draw from the resource orchestration theory to investigate the associations between business model (BM) drivers and firm performance during crisis periods. Drawing on data from the COVID-19 pandemic period, we deploy diverse analytical approaches including multivariate linear regressions and aggregated composite index statistical methods in examining how the BMs of our sampled DTMNEs drive firm performance. Our study highlights six methodological approaches that can be utilised by decision-makers in examining which variables in their BM drive better firm performance. Our findings revealed that the principal component analysis and multicriteria decision analysis (PROMETHEE methods) that espouse the use of aggregate composite index can provide significant and consistent predictive results in comparison to the traditional linear methods when examining the association between BM and firm performance during crisis periods. The paper provides policy and managerial implications on how firms and decision-makers can bolster business continuity, resilience, and plasticity by using analytical lenses that identify optimum resource orchestration during crises.

Managers’ use of auditors in decision processes is well known in theaccounting literature, but little is known about owner-managers in innovativefirms and their acquisition of accounting knowledge through direct contactswith external auditors. We conducted a multiple embedded study of exploratorycharacter based on 21 interviews with owner-managers and external auditorsconnected to six innovative firms. We show that owner-managers in innovativefirms apply informal management control in early phases of the innovationprocess and thus also rely heavily on external auditors for such purposes.However, management’s acquisition of accounting knowledge may contributeover time to the development of a more formalised control system as theircompetence increases. This study suggests that a competence-based view maybe useful for understanding the role of accounting and external auditors ininnovative firms’ management control systems.

This study focuses on knowledge management and entrepreneurs’ perceptions in terms of knowledge sharing, the use of financial statement information and how these impact on their strategic business judgments and decision choices in innovative SME firms. Using a strategic decision making process model we test our assumptions regarding entrepreneurs´ knowledge routines implemented by non-Gazelle companies in strategic business decision. Combining survey data and financial data from a unique archival database we test our propositions on Swedish SMEs. The results of the structural equation analysis implied that non-Gazelle companies are propelled primarily by non-financial information captured by the expertise of managers and investors. Traditional financial information does not include entrepreneurs´ decision making however, the results indicate that entrepreneurs risk awareness is reported as a part of the frame why entrepreneurs´ make decisions.

Agricultural advisors have recently received much critique both in practice and in the literature for not answering agricultural entrepreneurs’ need for support in the ongoing industry transformation. Advisors expect to guide highly pressured agricultural entrepreneurs operating in complex settings towards sustainable businesses in highly competitive markets. This chapter, using complexity leadership theory, goes beyond the surface of the agricultural advisors’ everyday work by exploring challenges faced by the advisors and considering how to overcome them. The advisors’ genuine intentions and common mission guiding the development of sustainable agricultural businesses and a vibrant countryside is not enough to achieve the goals. The authors identify an emergent need for innovation in the leadership of advisory work and conceptualize enabling mechanisms to accomplish such change. They suggest that the creation of adaptive space as a lubricant gives innovation the opportunity to flourish through enabling leadership.  

This paper aims to enhance the knowledge of business model development in the mobile service sector by exploring the underlying components of a business model for organizations within that industry. By drawing from business model literature combined with findings from a longitudinal case study of an iPhone application, a conceptual business model for mobile services was developed. Proposed model extends earlier frameworks by adding contingency aspects and the view of core resources into a dynamic business model. Findings from the study highlight the importance for application developers to have an overall resource strategy in order to support the sustainability of their business models. This is particularly important due to the rapid pace of change in the industry and the technology.

Business model management is critical in the development of business models aimed to launch innovations and generate high venture performance. This study presents the use of personal construct theory and the repertory grid methodology, a new technique to explore central factors in entrepreneurs’ business model management. We identify typologies for business model management and underlying logics of these typologies.The study advances the business model literature in several ways. First it contributes with visualisation of entrepreneurs’ business model management and hence adds dimension of business model management. Second, theories and methods from cognitive psychology contribute to the literature with new knowledge on business model management. Repertory grid methodology, developed from Personal construct theory, enable identification of entrepreneurial cognitions of business models.Through 11 semi-structured interviews with serial entrepreneurs in the mobile service sector, this paper contributes with a framework that advances the business model literature by identifying business model management strategies and its defining features. Three categories are identified including six types of business model management strategies for navigating management of business models. The identified categories are: 1) “Comprehensive management” characterized by various levels of complexity, uncertainty, and variation, 2) “Risk management” characterized by various types of risks e.g. business, financial and social, and 3) “Resource management” characterized of various types of capital; e.g. financial, social, human, and innovation. The business model management typologies may assist entrepreneurs to reflect on their business model design and management. This study suggests that the repertory grid technique may be useful in understanding business model management.

The main purpose of this report is to explore the socio-techno-economic key factors and activities of relevance for the development of a sustainable testbed federation in Europe. In this process there is a need of incorporating a business model framework for enabling decision making in value creation and value capturing. This study shows that the federation has great opportunities to reach a broad market via the key partners networks. In this federation a span of testbeds are involved which provides a large knowledge and resource base. By being involved in the federation, partners and customers get access to a great variety of technical competences as well as testing resources for remote tests. Through the use of the resources offered in the federation, customers can build their own virtual testbed which makes it easier and cheaper for them to perform tests before their technology enters the market.

The paper adds to the discussion of developing the competences of engineers and its consequences on requirements for engineering education, i.e. the question on how can sustainable values be created in the education of businesslike engineers. Four context related aspects affecting the learning boundary for future engineers is identified. These are: students' view of learning, lecturers' views of learning, real-life examples, and manifestation of course content representation by practitioners. An important hinder for generative learning is that students are not realizing that efforts supporting generative learning are an investment in their future career both for the development of capabilities that gain generative learning in following courses, and outcomes that is demanded in industry. It is argued that real managers are more trustful when telling students, what efforts are necessary in order to gains the knowledge needed for making the most suitable answers on their questions of "what" and "how"

Low anterior resection for rectal cancer often includes a diverting loop-ileostomy to avoid the severe consequences of anastomotic leakage. Reversal of the stoma is often delayed, which can incur health-care costs on different levels. The aim is to, on population basis, determine stoma-related costs, and to investigate habitual and socioeconomic factors associated to the level of cost. Multi-register design with data from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Registry, the National Prescribed Drug Register, Statistics Sweden and cost-administrative data from the National Board of Health and Welfare. Data was gathered for 3564 patients with rectal cancer surgery 2007 to 2013, for 3 years following the surgery. Factors influencing the cost of inpatient care and stoma-related consumables were assessed with linear regression analyses. All monthly costs were higher for females (consumables P

Abstract

Aboriginal Inuit of the Arctic Canada and indigenous Sámi of Fennoscandia hold onto cultural values such as sourcing traditional food from their land; these peoples still live – at least partially – in a subsistence economy. Both were traditionally nomadic, and nowadays, Inuit travel to hunt, while Sámi reindeer herders still follow their herds during periods required. Given their lifestyle, nomadic patters, work values, ethics, natural adaptation, and the central tenet of their food production and eating habits, both of these societies constitute an interesting case about self-employment, subsistence, food production and organization – including food-sharing by which income is voluntarily distributed according to custom, to the needy. However, much remains to be known about how they adapt to problems and engage in these matters. Whereas quantitative methods best answer why questions, we opt for a qualitative approach that is better suited to how questions. In a qualitative study, we observe the preservation of and respect for traditional knowledge and competencies. Community entrepreneurs organize their society with a high level of respect, networking, and reducing economic risk. We also identify tension between mainstream and traditional culture in the framing process, and how different types of frames were used to develop consensus around their core cultural food. We show and identify a process model of how the Inuit and Sámi communities engaged in frames and framing to develop consensus through self-respect of traditional knowledge, but to adjust and influence challenges to their historical culture.  

This report has been prepared for the project Green energy investments, which has been funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the County Council of Norrbotten, the County Administrative Board of Norrbotten, and the Swedish Energy Agency. The project has been managed by North Sweden Energy Agency in collaboration with Luleå University of Technology (Energy Technology, Economics, and Entrepreneurship and Innovation) and Företagarna Norrbotten.

The objectives of the report are to: (a) increase knowledge about the potential regional and benefits of a green energy transition and the obstacles to such a transition; and (b) identify and discuss various strategies, policy instruments and business models that can contribute to the realization of new green energy solutions. This is achieved by consulting and synthesizing relevant experiences from earlier energy transition processes, as well as by discussing the prerequisites for such a transition in the county of Norrbotten specifically.

The report contains three main parts. The first part is generic and based on experiences and lessons from other regions and countries. Here we first discuss obstacles to green energy projects, with a focus on financing opportunities, conditions for the development of new technology and obstacles in the form of social constructions such as stereotypical conceptions about gender, ethnicity etc. In a case study of the obstacles to increased use of excess heat we highlight a number of factors that are important to address in several types of energy projects involving actor collaborations. The first part of the report also contains a discussion of how green energy projects can promote regional economic development, and pin-points factors that determine the magnitude of these effects. A key lesson is that these positive effects do not always occur automatically; various measures and strategies may often be needed. For this reason we also discuss a number of such strategies, e.g., regional funds, local ownership, crowdfunding, as well as strategies that aim at explicitly strengthening the actor networks that need to be established around the new energy projects.

The second part of the report focuses on Norrbotten, and discusses the prerequisites for a green energy transition with significant economic development can be achieved in the county. These prerequisites are described with reference to the existing strategies that are there to promote regional economic growth; a common denominator for these is that they all point to the possibilities to combined regional growth objectives and a sustainable energy transition. We also discuss the regional prospects for inclusive, not least gender equal, innovation in the county of Norrbotten.

In the third and final part of the report the most significant lessons are summarized. Here we clarify the relevance of earlier experiences for the regional context, and we discuss, based on interviews with project owners, the experiences concerning obstacles and strategies from seven different energy projects that form part of the project Green energy investments. In a final chapter we highlight a number of important lessons and recommendations for future efforts aimed at promoting the energy transition processes in Norrbotten.

In this paper, we present a mixed-method retrospective study of 360 digital transformations and the reasons for the respective success or failure in each case, as perceived and explained by 180 domain experts from 42 countries. The purpose of the study is to investigate why actual digital transformations succeeded or failed, in order to develop insights, critical reflections, theories, and future research paths. Using open-ended questions, we ask the experts to think of one failed and one successful digital transformation. We ask them to describe the projects, and to provide their own explanations for the success or failure in each case. We analyze the qualitative data using cutting-edge language technology, network analysis, and machine learning. The findings reveal that small number of factors dictates the outcome for a large majority of cases, and a couple of those factors predict success or failure with a high degree of confidence. We theorize a mechanism for organizational behavior. We suggest that the findings can have important theoretical and practical implications for how organizational change is understood, and, ultimately, managed. We discuss whether the findings may provide new research questions on the essence of management and its impact on performance of business organizations, both during transformational change and under normal conditions. 

Remote patient monitoring (RPM) of chronic diseases represents a care modality with great potential to substantially improve outcomes and reduce hospital admission and costs to society. Empirical research has examined the processes of RPM adoption and implementation; however, implementation of RPM - a complex technological and health service innovation - remains challenging. Various analytical frameworks have tried to understand the conditions for successful adoption and implementation of RPM and other complex healthcare innovations. This conceptual study argues that incorporation of lessons from literature on institutional logics could enrich these frameworks. Healthcare is a domain influenced by multiple competing, collaborating or co-existing institutional logics such as professional, state, market, corporate and increasingly a community logic, expressed in patient-centred care principles. We outline the concept of patient-centred care as an emerging institutional logic and explore how to incorporate it into two widely used analytical frameworks, NASSS ('non-adoption, abandonment, scale-up, spread, and sustainability') and normalisation process theory (NPT). The main benefit of adding an institutional logics approach to the NPT framework is primarily to increase awareness of how institutional logics at meso-and macro-levels may affect the scope of implementation at a micro-level. In the case of the NASSS framework institutional logics provides a rationale for achieving cross-level alignment between domains.

The increase for Internet corporate social responsibility (ICSR) creates new challenges to investors, management, and regulators as there is no guidance. Prior studies have found significant relationship between firm characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms and papers based for corporate social responsibly disclosure. Additionally prior studies have also found there is not significant relationship between firm characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms and Internet reporting. There is gap between these studies. The study use online research and content analysis of Internet corporate social responsibility disclosure for a sample of 100 large public listed companies in Malaysia. Agency and signalling theories as well as disclosure literature were used to generate hypotheses regarding the determinants of ICSR disclosure. However, the result of the current study can’t find that firm characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms are related to ICSR. We propose legitimacy theory (environmental pressures including political, social and economic) as a potential alternative explanation for ICSR disclosure.

The voluntary use of Internet in corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure is an important step in applying Internet for corporate social responsibility disclosure. The challenging issues revolve both providers of Internet corporate social responsibility as well as users of the CSR report via Internet. Prior research has not been able to find relationships between firm characteristics and corporate governance mechanisms and use of Internet in corporate social responsibility disclosure. This study propose legitimacy theory as a potential alternative theory for explaining Internet corporate social responsibility (ICSR) disclosure. Furthermore, the study propose the stakeholder attributes on legitimacy and power may influence the CSR disclosure via Internet.

The aim of the study is to examine the type and quantity of Corporate Social Responsibility disclosure practices among a sample of 100 top companies listed on the Bursa Malaysia by Market capitalization for the financial year ended 2007. This research made use of online search for the website survey and content analysis by physical observation of the websites. The maximum raw score for corporate social responsibility obtained by the companies was 7 (or 88% of the total possible 8 points). The minimum score was 0. The average, corporate social responsibility raw score was 4.79 (or 63%), indicating an acceptable level of reporting for CSR. Therefore the findings in this study may promote Malaysian regulators to specify the means by which Malaysian listed companies are to disclose transparent, credible information. The finding may also propose that new regulatory guidance in Corporate Social Responsibility lead to improved disclosure via Internet Corporate Reporting.

Stress-related illness is a common and increasing cause for sick leave in Sweden. Spending time in nature reduces stress and promotes health and well-being. Accordingly, nature-based interventions (NBI) for people with stress-related illness have been developed and implemented in southern Scandinavia; however, such interventions are uncommon in the Circumpolar North. Previous studies have examined the effects and experiences of participating in NBI, but research about different stakeholders’ perspectives on NBI is lacking. The aim of this study was to explore different key stakeholders’ perceptions of the value of NBI in promoting health in people with stress-related illness. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 persons with stress-related illness experience, 14 healthcare professionals, and 11 entrepreneurs offering NBI. Qualitative content analysis resulted in four categories: Providing opportunity for recovery, Offering new perspectives and opportunity for reflection, Empowering balance and control in life, and Enabling one to overcome barriers. Although the study was conducted in a region where NBI is not widely implemented, the different stakeholders expressed similar perceptions of the value of NBI, indicating that NBI may be a valuable complement to health care which reaches people with stress-related illness needs and promotes their health. 

Projektet ”Green – Gröna investeringar för hållbar näringslivs- och samhällsutveckling” syftar till få till fler investeringar i Norrbottens outnyttjade energitillgångar. Och då handlar det om investeringar som involverar lokala och regionala aktörer. Detta för att skapa bättre möjligheter till återföring av vinster och kompetens lokalt och regionalt, utveckling av nya affärsområden och arbetstillfällen, samt ett ökat lokalt och regionalt inflytande över produkter och tjänster inom energi- och klimatområdet. Allt för att etablera Norrbotten som en koldioxidsnål region med trygga, säkra och hållbara energi- och klimatlösningar. I projektet kommer Energikontor Norr att jobba tillsammans med experter inom till exempel energiteknik och affärsutveckling för att ta fram intressanta och väl förankrade handlingsplaner för hållbara energilösningar. I projektet kommer vi bland annat att samverka med Energivetenskap, Nationalekonomi samt Entreprenörskap och innovation vid LTU (Luleå tekniska universitet) liksom med Företagarna Norrbotten.

The equities recommendations of financial analysts to investors are often seen as mysterious created through skilled handcraft difficult to understand for the uninitiated. The core issue in this study is connected to the stock market functioning and the ability of analysts to disclose reliable and similar information to investors. The aim is to increase the knowledge of the sell-side analysts visible and invisible information processes in their work with critical situations of real life changes in recommendations, e.g. from “Buy” to “Sell”. Knowledge on how and why analysts change recommendations and how they work and use sources help to visualise the content of such recommendations. This PhD-thesis is based on two volumes; Volume 1, i.e. the Licentiate thesis, “Direct contacts between financial analysts and traded companies” and Volume 2 “Recommendation Changes within Walls of Glass – Perceived Roles and Relative Importance of Direct Contacts”. Volume 1 serves as a base for the second volume. According to Volume 1 direct contacts are vital to the analysts’ work. Volume 2 illuminates the role and relative importance of direct contacts in relation to usage of other sources. Data in a case study are from a large Swedish investment bank, collected through repertory grid interviews, documented changes, and limited observations. Principal component analyses are performed. Multiple perspectives are mapped using Kelly’s (1955) personal construct theory as the base. The analysts participating in this study help to construe their world. Analyses are performed from cognitive, socio-cultural, and financial perspectives on the individual, organisational, and market levels. Three dimensions appear to be central in the analysts’ work with recommendations, i.e. 1. “The scope of the analysts research”, 2. “The information ground”, and 3. Confidence in company information sources”. Inter-relational aspects connected to the concepts of trust, dependency, and access are critical for the work and the content of the recommendations. The findings suggest that the analysts adjust their work to the situation faced and that the content of the analysts’ recommendations is ambiguous. The analysts’ work, their roles, and the grey zone between official and private information connected to direct contacts are analysed in relation to the efficient market hypothesis on the semi-strong and strong levels. Models are developed to increase the knowledge behind the walls of glass of the analysts’ work and specifically their recommendations.

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to increase the transparency of the value-creation chain in the stock market. It aims to: conceptualize the value-added through the relational capital, inductively develop models on how values are created, and discuss the values created for the analyst firm, the clients and investors in the stock market in general.Design/methodology/approach - The paper is based on a case study of sell-side analysts at a big Swedish investment bank and their work with real life situations of changes in recommendations. Findings - The findings of the case study indicate that analysts, through their relational capital, access competitive advantages needed for remaining on a highly competitive market. They get access to value-added information and knowledge and also business for the firm. This helps them to fulfill the three roles played, i.e. as information intermediaries, knowledge builders and businessmen. However, the analysts' dependencies, due to their relational capital and the analysts' conflicting roles, result in ambiguous or even biased information. The values added to clients differ between prioritized clients who receive value-added information through the relational capital with the analysts and non-prioritized clients with limited, or no access, to the analysts' services.Originality/value - Value created through relational capital within organizations has been intensively studied within the area of intellectual capital. However, the sell-side analysts' value-creation chain linked to their relational capital with company representatives and clients, considered in the present study, has been neglected.

Globalization and digitalization are two critical trends as game changers in the stock market that also expect to impact on the sell-side analysts’ role in front of  investors’. A relevant question to pose is whether financial analysts’ are a dying art of practice due to sophisticated digital analyses where geographical distance doesn’t matter anymore. The purpose of this paper is to increase the knowledge of the sell-side analysts’ value creation processes in the globalized and digital era. The article is based on an empirical study of 25 sell-side financial analysts and their work with value creation. Findings indicate that the social capital become even more important in the competitive game of finding unique investment opportunities. Financial analyst operating in highly competitive environments applies strategies beyond the role of merely acting as information intermediaries. There is more than enough information available while information and analyses needs to be selected and interpreted for becoming relevant and adding value for the investors’ decision making. Information need to be contextualized. The analysts’ role as facilitators in investment decision implies acting as enablers of information, generating of analyses, sense-making actors and co-creators in front of the investors. The art of developing social capital is central for bonding with the clients and to assure for future businesses. Valuable assets of social capital are made available through development of cognitive social capital, relational social capital and structural social capital. We find that analysts as a profession not is a dying art but instead is part of the game changing in stock market and that social capital is crucial for analysts role as facilitators in investors decision making processes.

Syftet med detta projekt är att identifiera affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster och att föreslå en meta-affärsmodell som kan tillvarata affärspotential genom samverkan mellan aktörer som tjänsteleverantörer, tjänsteförmedlare och kunder i ett större nätverk. I projektet samverkar forskare från fem forskningsområden (industriell marknadsföring, e-handel, redovisning & styrning, informatik, och industriell organisation) vid Luleå tekniska universitet (LTU) för att från sina respektive angreppsvinklar: Identifiera och beskriva affärsmodeller för mobila tjänster. Föreslå en meta-affärsmodell för att möjliggöra effektiva framtida affärer för mobila tjänsteleverantörer. Samla insamlade erfarenheter i ett white paper som kananvändas som stöd för utveckling av framgångsrika affärsmodeller för de deltagande företagen. Synliggöra vetenskapliga resultat i publikationer och presentationer. MeMo-projektet är finansierat av VINNOVA och genomförs i samarbete mellan LTU och TeliaSonera och ett antal av dess nuvarande och framtida tjänsteleverantörer. Genom Centrum för Distansöverbryggande Teknik (CDT) vid LTU och dess Living Lab-nätverk, når projektet ut till stora grupper av slutanvändare.

Over the last decades, due to active mobilization and agency, Indigenous peoples have received increased attention as sustainability-oriented entrepreneurs. Indigenous peoples are recognized as having land-based livelihood practices and unique cultural practices, and possess expertise and knowledge, commonly referred to as traditional knowledge, relevant to the management of lands and waters, nature conservation and environmental sustainability. We apply Framing theory, for revealing insights about collective frames and alignment of frames in the context of colonial legacies affecting indigenous entrepreneurship. Our inductive study, based on semi-structured interviews, social media, diaries, enabled us to identify diagnostic, prognostic and motivational framing, outlining paradoxes and future potentials of Sami entrepreneurship. We outline a pressure cooker model to visualize the various obstacles reported by Sami entrepreneurs and how these impact on organizational practice.