Introduction

Active school transportation (AST) can be a powerful strategy to promote physical activity and improve children's health. Parents' perceptions of traffic risks are an important factor in their decision concerning their child's transport mode to school and addressing discordances between the percieved risks and actual incidents might contribute to promote children's AST. This study adopted a game originally designed for the context of information security to resonate with the context of Swedish AST and the aim of the study was to describe parent's experience of playing the game.

Methods

A qualitative approach was chosen and data was collected using focus groups with 16 parents for totally 29 children aged 7–12. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis.

Results

The results formed one main theme “Playing promotes parents' awareness and consideration of active school transportation” and three subthemes; “Fast, fun, and functional; Experiences from playing the game” showing that the parents perceived the game to be fun, easy, and time efficient to play. “Then and now. Own childhood experience vs being a parent” showing that parents' perception of risk can sometimes be barriers to their children's opportunity to use AST. “Personal perceptions vs statistical risk” showing that playing the game addressed the discordance between the parents' perceived risks and actual incidents, as well as promoted parents' awareness and consideration of AST.

Conclusions

Including an intervention component such as a game for parents and using schools as the arena for implementing projects promoting AST to improve children's physical activity levels, might be a fruitful avenue.

Ingenjörens kompetenser beskrivs traditionellt som tekniskt orienterade. Eftersom industrin i dag är i en omvandling, mycket pga. klimatkrisen, men även pga. digitaliseringen, blir samverkan och innovation i kombination med tekniska baskunskaper ett uttryckt behov att tillgodose i ingenjörsutbildningar. Sådan mellanmänsklig och mer abstrakt kompetens blir central för arbete i tvärfunktionella utvecklingsteam, men även för utveckling av allt mer tjänsteinriktade produkter. Studenters olika preferenser för hur de tar sig an öppna problem är en utmaning för varje lärare i campusundervisningen, men blir allt mer utmanande att hantera i distansutbildningen. I det här bidraget reflekterar vi över våra erfarenheter från utbildning av ingenjörer inom innovativ produktdesign, tillsammans med erfarenheter från utveckling och genomförande av distans- och hybridkurser. Syftet är att dela med oss av våra erfarenheter hur studenter tar sig an en öppen frågeställning, dvs. verklighetsbaserade problem. Med bidraget vill vi inspirera till samtal om distansundervisningens hinder och möjligheter specifikt för moment som kräver att studenten reflekterar på ett annorlunda sätt.

This article presents scenarios designed to support abstract and reflective thinking necessary to inculcate information security awareness among IT service designers. Data for the study was obtained in empirical interventions and through an action research approach in cooperation with an IT company. The findings highlight the need for training that, in combination with traditional contents, also integrates organizational, business, and social aspects into information security awareness. Rethinking a strategy for training to be grounded in scenarios from day-to-day business activities is one implication of the study; another is the suggestion to frame the scenarios as dilemmas, that is, problematic and realistic situations having multiple solutions depending on interpretations and perspectives, and a final conclusion is the importance of enabling structured in-depth dialogues among employees.

An innovative design process which has been conducted under the restrictions during the covid-19 pandemic is in focus in this study. Visits were banned so user-centred design activities were particularly challenged by the necessity to meet and work online. The purpose of the study is to present and reflect on how user-centred design was done under those conditions. The potential users, the reindeer herders, were merely contacted online, the user investigation were supported by for example using videos and storytelling. Also, the final concept is presented.

This paper presents an explorative study and the results of 17 interviews with informants from different companies. Its purpose is to identify the challenges associated with implementing agile methods along with the established procedures for early design. The study exemplifies project leaders’ experiences and implementation efforts. As leaders of design projects, they have proposed the use of a new method that involves teams engaging in testing and evaluation, which aids in the understanding and introduction of change initiatives. The challenges that are identified are as follows: (1) a lack of approval not only from top managers but also from critical peers; (2) an unprepared organization that did not allow teamwork; and (3) a lack of specific company success factors to support new methods.

This paper problematizes and discuss a change towards new business models in order to highlight some basic challenges of digital transformation needed for Industry 4.0. A particular effort is to discuss if SMEs may have sufficient means to capitalize on such a new paradigm. As an approach to enable problematization and discussion, the paper presents concepts and standpoints that are related to the fourth industrial revolution. For example, the idea of new business models is a concept taken for granted, and is not sufficiently contextualized into digital transformation and Industry 4.0. The discussion sheds some light on the benefit of SMEs' flexibility, while simultaneously it finds mindsets challenges related to change and transformation as critical.

The engineering rationale, composed of established logic for the design and development of products, has been confronted by a shift to a circular economy. Digitalization (e.g., Industry 4.0) enables transformation, but it also increases relational complexities in scope and number. In Product–Service Systems (PSSs), the combination of manufactured goods and services should be delivered in new business models based on value-adding digital assistance. From a systems science view, such combinations cannot be managed by the same approach as if they were one uniform system; rather, it is an interdependent mix of technical, social, and digital designs. This paper initializes an updated conceptual discourse on PSSs and provides a reflection on the expected challenges in the transformation from linear to circular models. For example, the role of systems thinking to guide early design stages is discussed and the importance of processes for creating shared visions at different systems levels is suggested to be addressed in future research. The intention is to formulate thoughts about radical cognitive changes in order to realize the PSS paradigm.

Business models focused on the design and development of value propositions consisting of a mix of products and services have in recent years become more common among companies. Problems related to trust issues have although led to that companies have difficulties to fully implement these new business models. This paper demonstrates and discuss how distributed ledgers, for example blockchains, can support trust and collaboration among decentralized actors in a value chain network. A demonstrator has been developed and show that decentralization of value chains is possible within certain frames.

Small and medium sized firms’ businesses in rural regions typically address a home market and the delivery of niched products. This makes them exposed to business downturns, innovation is thus one way to survive and prosper. Small-scale product development is typically very hands-on, a sort of trial and error process. This experimental way is in favour for the implementation of innovation processes, but one challenge is the limited resources that firms can, or are willing to, spend on innovative work. A challenge is that procedures for organisational learning are lacking in the straightforward approach. The article describes the background and rationale for supporting small-scale manufacturing by introducing a support toolbox for early product development work. The support toolbox’s rationale is built upon learning cycles and communicative prototyping which may enhance innovation process capabilities.

This paper presents the rationale for the design of a card deck game sustaining information security training. The efforts have followed design thinking, been inspired by an approach for problem-based learning, and used gamification. The card deck game primarily aims to support entrepreneurs in small and medium-sized manufacturing companies, heading towards the introduction of digital services, yet is also useful for anyone to practice risk awareness. Information security, here in short representing the efforts to protect information and mitigate risks to uphold confidentiality, integrity and availability, is by SMEs often seen as a technical problem, but is depending on human behaviour. Literature on security training, emphasises the relevance of interpersonal dialogues and reflection, such reflection is not supported by traditional education, as for instance reading theory and answering questions. The application of gamification has shown to increase awareness, where the play becomes an eye-opener to progress focused dialogues and learning.

The Create-Build-Test-Learn supports toolbox for engineering concept development motivates not only experimentation, but also instils design thinking in teams. By offering tools and methods for reconstruction of the design challenge, the approach prevents teams to jump into a solution too quickly. When using prototyping as a team resource, reframing of the problem becomes part of the process, ensuring that efforts are put on solving the right problem. The article describes the contents of the toolbox as well as exemplifies how to use it. CBTL has been designed in particular to support SMEs.

The Innovations and Industrial Internet project was formed with partners from Luleå University of Technology, Sweden, Centria University of Applied Sciences, Finland, and University of Tromsø, campus Narvik, Norway. The work has addressed an increase in small and medium sized enterprises’ competences of applying modern digital technology to benefit product- and service development in the region. Almost 40 companies have been keenly involved in the project’s activities, which have included, for example, case studies, demonstrations, workshops and seminars. The close academia and company collaborations has resulted in SMEs’ test and evaluation of new technologies, in turn leading to the implementation of new methods that were new to 16 of those companies.

The project collaborations have resulted in 9 products and services that were new to the companies. A number of cross-border collaborations among companies and universities across the program region have been finalized, for example a case on 3D printing and boat production which involved all partners competences. The cross-border added value does not only encompass the open accessible milieu bringing all partners expertise together to benefit SMEs in the region, but it also identified and mitigated barriers between knowledge domains, like the ones occurring in value chain collaborations where digital solutions often dissolve some aspects of a problem while simultaneously cause new ones.

The project has had a fairly good representation of females in leading positions since the project leader and one country’s leader are females, but also the female representation in activities has been good.

The project has been nominated to the Regio Stars Award 2017.

Digitalization is a source for Industrial Internet, which solutions influence businesses and everyday life in many different ways. The digital transformation calls for understanding, not only about your customers, but also your whole organization. A digital business world opens up for seamless and borderless collaborations in product, service and production development, yet such a visionary future need both systematic and systemic changes in companies. As such open innovation approaches including participatory research studies could support regional growth and increase competitiveness among SMEs. This article describes how these issues have been managed in a transnational project for the Northern Nordics.

Starting from interactions with SMEs from a number of different areas, this short paper addresses the challenges of turning hands-on practice into an online supports tool for innovation. The SMEs are found in the North of Finland and the North of Sweden, thus already facing challenges related to the sparsely populated areas. Yet, digitalization and online support may become one way to bridge distances as well as filling knowledge gaps between different domains. Nevertheless, the suggestion to transform practical know-how into an online tool that can be globally accessed and used is non-trivial. Thus, problematizing such ideas could progress these efforts.

The research field of Product-Service Systems (PSS) emerged within the engineering design field to address sustainability and radically lower environmental impact from production and product use stages. PSS research has progressed insights of the industrial phenomena, but are often grounded in either product or service development, and the sustainability perspective had diminished over time. The deviation from what was intended might depend on research methodologies that do not meet the requirements of PSS multidisciplinary research. Some reflections of our research and craftsmanship are thus needed, which is also the purpose of this paper. PSS are used in the paper as a framework to highlight some of the facets of engineering design research activities. The paper suggests that multidisciplinary research has to manage different methodologies and different theories, this can be achieved if underlying assumptions are made transparent and if contradictions between those and the conclusions are discussed. Finally, the paper make an effort to encourage discussions about research methodologies to improve not only research but also implementation in industry.

TARGET is a collaborative project involving a partnership of universities and institutes of higher education in UK, Ireland, Norway, Finland and Sweden. The project will develop tools to enhance capacity in regional manufacturing companies to adapt and embrace new technologies and innovation. This is to be done in collaboration with small/medium sized manufacturing engineering companies - developing, applying and piloting the tools through individual companies' processes. The Toolbox developed will consist of subsets such as Digital manufacturing (robotics and simulation), New Ideas and Thinking (human centred and environmental thinking, competitiveness), Business Models and modern Product Innovation. On completion of the Project, the Toolbox of supports will be made available for use through open access to manufacturing companies. The initial project phase with development of a Toolbox suitable for use in all the project partners' regions is presented.

The paper presents a study based on two views, i.e. innovation in teams of non-designers and live case interactions. This means that a diverse set of roles are involved in the innovation activities that originate from real regional situations. The application area relates to design and development of destinations, e.g. regions, tourism and attractive places. This study focuses on two main issues, namely (a) is it possible to make non-designers momentarily become design thinkers, and (b) is it possible to produce ideas and 'out-of-the-box' views in groups consisting of non-designers within a short timeframe? The purpose of this paper is thus to illustrate and explain these issues in order to contribute to a live case platform for collaborative innovation among society, trade and industry, and universities. The empirical data from four workshops, in total engaging 179 participants, shows that there are several challenges related to the efforts to transfer techniques and methods for design thinking and innovation into the heads and hands of non-designers. For example, trade and business can rarely allocate regular working hours for participatory design thinking, so they act based on traditional professional roles. Also, sessions turn into (unproductive) discussions if the participants are not firmly facilitated and encouraged. Bringing in live cases through the participation of mixed teams places additional requirements on innovation research in respect of implementation and packaging for practical uses.

Regional research project are, as is also regional industry, highly need-based. That is, understanding the stakeholders' (or customers') real challenges and related needs is important. This study is based on interviews with SMEs in the Northern parts of Finland, Norway and Sweden, but also on available innovation agendas and strategies for each country. The differences among the companies in those regions bring forward distinct needs, while many experience similar challenges, for example low population density, long distances and a high dependency on basic industries. Innovation is identified as a key driver of regional growth and competitiveness. SMEs rarely employ the term innovation to describe their activities, but rather stress 'knowing the customer' as important. This indicates one of the challenges to implement innovation strategy as a driver for growth and competitiveness

This paper presents measures for collaborative design in a social context. A number of challenges and implications are identified, and changes done to increase the innovativeness in the outcome are discussed and exemplified. The context is an innovation contest in which students, inhabitants, people in common and so on, freely signs up for participation. The competition's theme comes from a client, e.g. a company, organization or municipality. Besides a research approach originating from 2002, fourteen innovation competitions during 2014-2015 are the specific basis for the empirical data.

Companies working with product development in general, and the manufacturing industry in particular, act on the global market. The complexity of collaboration in such an environment has triggered this thesis. A user-centred approach is perceived as a key concern for companies’ innovation practices, whereas engineering teams and higher education typically focus mainly on technical problem-solving. In relation to this context, knowledge management has been recognised in the literature and practice as being undoubtedly beneficial for organisations. Knowledge is a competitive advantage to most organisations today, but it requires more attention to make it actionable. Typically, factual knowledge has a transparent management approach, whereas experience sharing is highly prioritised but not straightforward to manage. Experiences need to be extracted from activities, reflected on, and then re-contextualised if they are going to benefit another project. Indeed, the concept of knowledge-driven development incorporates experiences. It is difficult to manage experiences in technical projects, however, because both creation and use are embedded in daily work.The purpose for this research work is thus to investigate knowledge transfer in engineering teams to contribute to the improved capture and formalization of experiences. This thesis relies on empirical data gathered mainly from a manufacturing company working with transport systems and active in a business-to-business environment. The work evolved to focus on two types of projects between which experiences need to be shared. Also individuals’ personal orientation and roles in teams was examined in a student project setting.This thesis contributes to the description and analysis of experience sharing within and between teams in the given context and proposes an approach to support the reflection upon practice in knowledge projects. The importance of a continuous learning process is stressed, but so is also the capability of directed conversations. A demonstrator supporting such activities, called the experience compass, is developed and partly tested. In addition, the rationale of the demonstrator is presented. A set of question relates to the compass and those have been evaluated as a sound basis for experience sharing among company representatives.

Actionable knowledge is a competitive advantage to most organization today. Yet, it is difficult to manage knowledge in technical projects since both creation and use are embedded in the daily work. Experiences need to be extracted from activities, reflected on and then contextualised again if they are going to benefit another project. The purpose of this study is to investigate experiences sharing in early product development work and from that contribute to improved capture and formalization of experiences. The importance of a continuous learning process is stressed, but also the capability of directed knowledge conversations. A demonstrator supporting such activities has been developed and partly tested. Not only the outline of the demonstrator, called knowledge compass, but also the rationale are presented in this paper. The guiding questions that are included in the demonstrator have been evaluated as a sound base for experience sharing of company representatives.

There are three dimensions of sustainability: environmental, economic, and social. One important task is to integrate them so as to identify how more sustainable paths can be identified, assessed, and decided upon. Previous research has identified systems thinking as a key to achieving this. The purpose of the paper is to build on these ideas and to propose an initial framework that demonstrates the potential of incorporating soft systems methodology and a theory of modalities, introducing aspects in addition to environmental, economic, and social ones. Moreover, theoretical exploration shows that understanding different predispositions, or worldviews, are vital to creating shared and purposeful actions. This paper expresses the intentions of a pre-study, and the ideas are far from mature; however, the importance of collaboration in shared and more sustainable actions is the basis for an industry-wide initiative called the Construction Climate Challenge (CCC).

De tre delarna i hållbarhetsperspektivet, dvs. ekologiska, ekonomiska och sociala, bör ses som en integrerad helhet, men det är också det som är utmaningen. Projektet söker undersöka och exemplifiera olika intressenters perspektiv och därmed den kunskapsbas de tar med sig in i en produktutvecklingsprocess. Projektet syftar till att demonstrera hur olika intressenters värden stödjer eller inte stödjer en hållbar utveckling.

Interreg Nord

NPA – Target (Making Regional Manufacturing Globally Competitive and Innovative)This project will develop tools to enhance capacity of manufacturing companies in the NPA region to adapt and embrace new technologies and innovation. The toolbox developed will consist of subsets such as Digital manufacturing (robotics and simulation), New ideas and thinking (human centred and environmental thinking, competitiveness), Business models and modern Product innovation.

Open-ended problems provides a window for innovations, but understanding the actual problem is challenging. Typically, teams might settle on their first impression as the design problem. Such an approach usually ends up in, not a bad solution, but in a solution that might not solve the right problem. Radical innovation literature suggests that teams should challenge their perspective of the problem, e.g. frame and reframe it, before solving it. This paper presents a study of how framing and reframing contributes to determining the constraints of two different types of design problems. A project course provides the particular data for the study, the result indicate that technological oriented problems needs support that forces the team to diverge from their initial design vision and that radical oriented problems needs support that encourage deliberation in the team. In conclusion support is required to be flexible, in open-ended design tasks, to fit its purpose.

En rapport skapad för att på ett interaktivt sätt förmedla enkla tips för att hjälpa mindre organisationer och grupper som arbetar/vill arbeta på distans. Här presenteras även lämpliga verktyg för olika typer av samarbeten.

User-centered approaches are a key concern for firms’ innovation practices, while higher engineering education typically focuses on the technical problem-solving activities. Recently, engineering education has incorporated team assignments for students where they are encouraged to manage open-ended problems. Yet, many students’ conduct appears to be “business as usual” and they do not make an attempt to shift their views. Reasons for this behavior need to be investigated to inform the engineering curricula. The purpose in this paper is to demonstrate the impact of distinct orientations on an open-ended design challenge in order to highlight differences, which have implications for learning and education. This study applies familiar educational psychology concepts to the unfamiliar setting of design education, focusing on user needs and acknowledging students’ orientations as a possible basis for guiding and accommodating design operations. Engineering design students were divided into two groups based on their individual orientation—namely the mastery and performance oriented types. The homogeneous groups reinforced the individual strategies and the effects on their operations could be observed. The distinct orientations had an impact on the open-ended design challenge. Results indicate considerations for conflicts between solving and setting, which might affect the involvement of users and their needs as resources in early product development. This study addresses how individual orientations in homogeneous groups have an effect on user-centered design in open-ended design tasks. Highlighting differences contributes to understanding challenges in innovation activities. The study indicates that students need different guidance and coaching to match their orientations.

The focus on knowledge management have since long been recognized in literature and undoubtedly benefited organizations. More recently companies claim themselves to be ‘knowledge-driven’. Indeed, the concept of knowledge-driven incorporates experiences. Typically, factual knowledge has a transparent management approach, while experience sharing is highly prioritized but not straightforward. This study addresses experience sharing and proposes a perspective to support reflection upon practice in innovation projects. The study builds on a longitudinal acquisition of empirical data obtained in a manufacturing company acting on a global market. In particular, early innovation projects have been a source for data collection. Interviews with knowledge workers, observations from daily work activities and reading internal documents provide the empirical material for the study. The study has resulted in a visualization of different kinds of issues concerning experience sharing. The visualization has been a base for highlighting industrial implications and proposing actions.

Knowledge transfer is hard to manage in technical projects due to the fact that a lion part of the knowledge is based on experiences gained in daily work. The lessons learned depend on the individuals’ distinct perceptions of their experiences. This provides learning, but complicates sharing and the build up of an organizational knowledge base. One effort to capture and disseminate experiences is a white book approach. Simply, white books consists of written text stored in documents, which is used to both reflect upon a previous project and to learn for a new one. The purpose for this paper is to find out how experiences are perceived and formalized in technical projects. Two types of empirical data provide the basis, namely text analysis of white books and interviews with engineers. The result shows that there is an evident difference between what engineers write about their experiences and what they say about them. Implications for the white book approach as a mean for sharing experiences are discussed, for example since pre-knowledge and context for the experiences are lacking in the written text the author and the reader of the text are likely to interpret it differently.

There is an on-going movement in manufacturing industry towards Product-Service Systems (PSS), which manifests the importance of making experience based knowledge organizationally available. In this paper a study of how white books is used and discussing any delimitations in transferring experiences is in focus. The paper builds on an empirical study in a manufacturing company, which has long ago implemented the white book approach and also has the vision of PSS development. It has been found that the format of a white book and the guidelines for authoring them could be a barrier for expressing individually gained experiences. Subsequently, does not support a knowledge transfer between projects having different aims, perspectives and knowledge domains.

ngineers have to develop their social skills due to being exposed to new types of problems and situations as a result of manufacturing companies' movement towards providing systematic solutions e.g., product-service systems. The authors assume that

The industry trends related to Product-Service Systems (PSS)—namely, the integration of products and service aspects in early development to develop and sell a function—provide one way for companies to manage competition. A key component in providing total solutions and remaining competitive is to bring new technologies and products to the market as quickly as possible. One approach to achieve this is to make the best out of all facets of available knowledge, such as by taking advantage of experiences from previous projects to assist in existing development work.Experience is commonly categorized as tacit knowledge, which is understood without being openly expressed; as such, experience is not simply identified, captured, or formalized. Incorporating experience into the organizational knowledge base involves different approaches and methods than managing information. However, such instruments do not readily exist to aid in the transition of knowledge between projects. Despite this, experts recognise that many early decisions in product development rely on experience.Consequently, the purpose of this thesis is to explore how experience-based knowledge is communicated within and between projects in a cross-functional organization in order to provide support for project teams when sharing experiences as well as sustain a broader knowledge base in start-up projects. In this way, the time to market can be decreased.Empirical data were collected primarily in a manufacturing company working with transport systems and active in a business-to-business environment. The industrial data provide a description of the current situation, thereby enabling challenges to be highlighted. In addition, engineering students were part of an experiment in which individuals’ orientation was investigated to gain insights into how it affects knowledge sharing.The results indicate the importance of supporting the approaches for reflection in routine activities and communicating experiences both inside and outside the project, such as addressing different kinds of physical meetings and activities which enhance the possibility to introduce a more dynamic way of knowledge sharing. Furthermore, the personal motivation for what knowledge is shared and how it is shared is discussed. Here, the result indicates that goal-orientation/problem-solving and insight-orientation/problem-setting may provide guidance on the knowledge transfer between different projects.

Today, a new knowledge economy and more service-based offerings are commonly mentioned as a challenge for manufacturing companies. This challenge addresses the companies’ knowledge base and the traditional engineering expertise areas. The report starts from an assumption that there are differences in how knowledge is managed, as well as differences in the intentions to why it is managed. Based on this assumption, the purpose in the report is two-folded. First, the purpose is to conceptualize different facets of knowledge within a framework of technical product development. Second, the purpose is that the report serves as a trigger for discussions and reflections on existing practices in industrial workshops. So, despite that the report does not provide the “right” answers to these questions; they still guide the work in our research:• What is actually managed in every-day engineering project work?• And, for what purposes?The work accounted for in the report comes from a literature review and our jointefforts in understanding the research area from a theoretical perspective. First general views on knowledge is presented, including its classification in different ways, compared to information and data, as well as its division into tacit and explicit knowledge, or practical skills and theoretical knowledge. Human factors, including how people search for information, is also presented. Then a more explicit focus on technical knowledge is presented, showing the shift from knowledge as an artefact to a social and personal perspective in recent years. This also encompasses discussing the capabilities and knowledge of an engineer. A contribution of this report is the conceptualization of different facets of engineering knowledge; especially the more social aspects of engineering knowledge have been highlighted.

Collaborative user oriented design activities are difficult experiences that need to be practiced. Doing so in a professional setting, but without prior experience, can and probably will jeopardize the whole project. So, it is important for design education to offer students the possibility to collaborate in student projects and to assign them to solve open-ended problems. However, it is of interest to find out how differing motivations for individuals affect their team’s ability to successfully meet user needs. This has been investigated in an experiment where students were categorised into two distinct models of design motivation. It was found that one of these models was more apt to manage user orientation in the design team. In this paper, the design of the experiment per se is outlined in order to invite more research within the area.

Manufacturing industry is expressing an increased interest in knowledge management due to the extension towards aservice provision business model. However, the inclusion of softer service aspects indicates that the common view onknowledge management as a way to control and monitor a technical process have limitations. Sharing expertise is anadditional way of managing knowledge particularly with the intentions to make experience based knowledgeorganizational available. By studying product developers’ daily work, especially how they perceive that they apply andshare knowledge, we problematize knowledge activities in product-service development to discuss the establishedknowledge management activities. The paper suggests some considerations to support the development of aknowledge base for product-service design.

The need to reduce our consumption of fossil fuels is a major factor influencing governments and industry and decisions being made for future investments. In this vein, Volvo Construction Equipment AB has identified a new transmission technology which has been shown to offer a substantial saving in fuel consumption. The aim of this proposed project is to provide support towards achieving the objective of bringing this new transmission technology to the market as quickly as possible.