Photo/electrocatalysts facilitate the reduction of CO₂ into valuable chemicals and fuels offering a promising approach for mitigating climate change and promoting sustainable carbon utilization. In this study, Tris-porphyrin based metal organic framework, namely TP@AlTrisMOF, was successfully synthesized and characterized for its photo/electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction capabilities. Energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the elemental composition and bonding environments within TP@AlTrisMOF. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a layered, needlelike morphology aggregated into a dense, porous network. Fluorescence emission spectra of TP@AlTrisMOF showed red shift with longer wavelength while TP@AlTrisMOF displayed a band gap of 1.81 eV. Electrochemical characterization further highlighted the outstanding performance of TP@AlTrisMOF; chronoamperometry (6 h) confirmed its exceptional stability. In electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the charge transfer resistance (Rct) decreased from 128.5 to 3.55 after the reduction process, indicating a significant enhancement in conductivity, and mott-schottky analysis offered valuable insights into the fermi level (−0.3 eV) and valence band structure. Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction experiments showed successful conversion into formic acid, as verified by GC–MS analyses. Notably, the TP@AlTrisMOF maintained structural integrity and functional performance after reaction cycles, demonstrating its recyclability. The mechanistic study revealed that both Al–O clusters and nitrogen-based sites played critical roles in the activation and reduction of CO₂ through photo/electro driven pathways. These findings suggest that TP@AlTrisMOF is a promising and robust candidate for sustainable CO₂ conversion applications.

Global warming is caused by anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the atmosphere, and different options have been proposed to mitigate CO2 emissions, where CO2 separation plays an important role. To develop cost-effective technologies for CO2 separation, immobilizing ionic liquids (ILs) into porous materials demonstrates potential. Different ILs are strategically immobilized into different porous materials like MOFs, activated carbons, pops, and silica, resulting in IL-porous composites with the functional properties of the pristine porous materials and the peculiar physicochemical of the immobilized ILs. These progressive developments reveal novel opportunities in separation science.In this review, we discuss the functionalization of ILs for CO2 separation. We also highlight several porous materials, such as MOFs, carbon nanotubes, zeolites, carbonaceous materials, and graphene. Finally, we demonstrate the development of hybrid ionic materials composed of ILs and porous materials, especially MOFs, to provide a perspective on the potential of ILs/porous material composites for CO2 separation. The most significant opportunities and challenges in ILs/porous materials as well as their synthesis methods, characterization techniques, applications, and future possibilities are thoroughly explored to develop a roadmap for CO2 separation. Considering future developments in this field, the design and development of these innovative hybrid materials and their potential to replace conventional materials are also carefully evaluated.

Introduction: Pneumonia is the primary cause of mortality in preterm infants in developing nations; yet, early detection and treatment can significantly reduce mortality rates. Pharmaceutical researchers are diligently striving to identify avariety of drugs that might effectively cure pneumonia.

Method: We are motivated to examine the quantitative structureproperty relationships (QSPR) of anti-pneumonia pharmaceuticals. We employed K-Banhatti topological descriptors and analyzed the findings to achieve this. For estimation of physicochemical properties of pneumonia treatment drugs we utilized linear, quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic regression analyses.

Results and Conclusion: The drugs comprise linezolid, ceftabiprole, and clarithromycin, among others. Topological descriptors enable the exploration of the complexity, connectivity, and other essential attributes of molecules. The quantitative structure-property relationship (QSPR) analysis of pharmaceuticals for illness treatment employing K-Banhatti topological descriptors is an economical approach utilised by pharmaceutical researchers. We performed a QSPR analysis on 20 anti-pneumonia drugs to ascertain the most precise predictions for five properties: enthalpy, flash point, molecular weight, molar volume, and molar refractivity, employing five K-Banhatti indices. To do this, we used linear, quadratic, cubic, and biquadratic regression analyses to find links between molecules and the physical and chemical properties of drugs used to treat pneumonia. Employing molecular descriptors and regression models to investigate chemical patterns is a cost-effective and theoretical methodology.

The escalating global concern about the expansion of CO2 emissions and its profound consequences on climate change underscores the critical need for robust CO2 capture materials. The core objective of this review was to conduct a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in CO2 capture, with a focus on porous materials, including metal-organic frameworks, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, zeolites, metal oxides/metalloids, porous polymers, derived carbons, and (biochar, sludge, ash), as documented in the reported studies from 2017 onwards. By considering the CO2 adsorption capacity as the most important property, an up-to-date database of CO2 capture capacities in various porous adsorbents was provided, and other properties, such as selectivity, surface area, pore size/volume, recyclability, etc., for the promising adsorbents were further discussed. Furthermore, the issues on the mechanism, commercial viability (adsorbents cost and upscaling), environmental concerns and future directions (3D printing, artificial intelligence) were discussed. This review serves as an invaluable resource, guiding future investigations in this field and contributing to ongoing efforts to mitigate CO2 emissions.

Microplastics (MPs) pollution in aquatic systems has been found to be an emerging environmental and health challenge. To overcome MPs pollution and for the sake of sustainable environment, we developed two innovative magnetic biochar adsorbents Q¹⁰ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc, and Q¹⁴ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc, for the optimized eradication of MPs from wastewater at industrial and laboratory scale. These composites composed of protein − size hedgehog − shaped polyoxometalate [Mo₃₆₈], hydrophobic polyoxometalate − based ionic liquids, magnetic nanoparticles, and sustainable rice husk char (Rhc) to achieve unmatched adsorption efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis displays the surface features and uniform distribution of elements throughout the material. While thermogravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption studies revealed a thermally stable and mesoporous nature of Q¹⁰ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc, and Q¹⁴ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc. Similarly, vibrating sample magnetometry measurements indicates the superparamagnetic behavior of Q¹⁰ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc, and Q¹⁴ [Mo₃₆₈] @ SiO₂ @ Fe₃O₄ @ Rhc. Batch adsorption experiments illustrated 100% removal efficiency for MPs across an extensive range of particle size (1–12.5 µm), from industrial wastewater as well as from laboratory water. Both adsorbents show a wide stability and efficiency over five removal cycles. These results suggest that both of the unique adsorbents are highly effective, sustainable, and versatile in complex aqueous environment, making them ideal candidates for large − scale environmental remediation.

High hardness, low friction coefficient and chemical resistance are only a few of the exceptional mechanical qualities of diamond. Diamonds can be artificially created to have different levels of conductivity, or they can be single, micro or nanocrystalline and highly electrically insulating. It also has high biocompatibility and is famous for being mechanically robust. Due to its high hardness, lack of ductility and difficulty in welding, diamond is a challenging material to construct devices with. Diamonds have experienced a rise in attention as a biological material in recent decades due to new synthesis and fabrication techniques that have eliminated some of these disadvantages. In general, entropic measurements are used for investigating the chemical or biological properties of molecular structures. This study calculates several important K-Banhatti entropies, redefined Zagreb entropies and atom-bond sum connectivity entropy for diamond crystals. We also present a numeric and graphical explanations of obtain indices.

Owing to the rapid increase in anthropogenic emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, which has resulted in a number of global climate challenges, a decrease in CO2 emissions is urgently needed in the current scenario. This study focuses on the development and characterization of composites for carbon dioxide (CO2) separation. The composites consist of two task-specific ionic liquids (TSILs), namely, tetramethylgunidinium imidazole [TMGHIM] and tetramethylgunidinium phenol [TMGHPhO], impregnated in ZIF-8. The performance of CO2 separation, including sorption capacity and selectivity, was evaluated for pristine ZIF-8 and composites of TMGHIM@ZIF-8 and TMGHPhO@ZIF-8. To demonstrate the thermal stability of the material, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed. Additionally, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to showcase the crystal structures and morphology. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and BET were also utilized to confirm the successful incorporation of TSILs into ZIF-8. The composite synthesized with TMGHIM@ZIF-8 demonstrated superior CO2 sorption performance as compared with TMGHPhO@ZIF-8. This is attributed to its strong attraction toward CO2, resulting in a higher CO2/CH4 selectivity of 110 while pristine MOFs showed 12 that is 9 times higher than that of the pristine ZIF-8. These TSILs@ZIF-8 composites have significant potential in designing sorbent materials for efficient acid gas separation applications.