Computational and theoretical open problems in optimization, computational geometry, data science, logistics, statistics, supply chain modeling, and data analysis are examined in this book.  Each contribution provides the fundamentals  needed to fully comprehend the impact of individual problems. Current theoretical, algorithmic, and practical methods used to circumvent each problem are provided to stimulate a new effort towards innovative and efficient solutions. Aimed towards graduate students and researchers in mathematics, optimization, operations research, quantitative logistics, data analysis, and statistics, this book provides a broad comprehensive approach to understanding the significance of specific challenging or open problems within each discipline.