Pusch, R., 1979. Unfrozen water as a function of clay microstructure. Eng. Geol., 13: 157–162.

A previous study of microstructural changes in freezing clay suggested that a “dispersed” freshwater clay should have a higher percentage of unfrozen water than a (leached) marine clay with similar mineralogical and granulometrical compositions. This report describes an investigation where two such clays were actually compared concerning their contents of unfrozen water. The results confirmed the hypothesis. Thus, the influence of clay microstructure on the amount of unfrozen water was clearly shown. The degree of particle aggregation and the density of the particle aggregates are the main microstructural parameters.