Reinforced concrete structures, over the long term, gradually exhibit fatigue damage as a result of various external factors such as moving loads, temperature variations, and natural disasters. Fatigue refers to the initiation and propagation of cracks, deformation, and cumulative damage under cyclic loading. It is characterized by its hidden, cumulative, and irreversible nature, posing significant threats to structural integrity. We undertook a comprehensive review of fatigue degradation models for reinforced concrete, including a summary of existing fatigue detection methods for concrete, an overview of the fatigue performance of individual material components in reinforced concrete structures, a summary and evaluation of existing fatigue degradation models, a summary of fatigue life prediction methods, and an investigation into the effects of fatigue loading on bond-slip behavior between steel reinforcement and concrete. This review aims to provide a reference for future research on fatigue in reinforced concrete structures.