The aim of the present study was to investigate working conditions of gender segregated workplaces and associations of ergonomic exposures with musculoskeletal disorders. Questionnaire data were analysed and presented for women and men separately. Women reported musculoskeletal symptoms more often than men, when working in the same type of segregated workplaces. These results put forward the hypothesis that men and women do different tasks, which also show different working conditions (organisation, psychosocial and physical) for the men and the women in female and male dominated workplaces.