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The Impact of Donor‐Orientation on the Emission Properties of Chlorinated Trityl Radicals
Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.ORCID iD: 0009-0006-5700-7272
Institute for Physical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Institute of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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2025 (English)In: Advanced Optical Materials, ISSN 2162-7568, E-ISSN 2195-1071, Vol. 13, no 19, article id 2500296Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Chlorinated trityl radicals functionalized with electron-donating groups are promising red-emitting materials for optoelectronic and spintronic applications, overcoming the spin-statistical limit of conventional emitters. Donor functionalization induces charge transfer character, enhancing photoluminescence quantum yield, which depends on the donor strength and its orientation. However, donor-functionalized tris(trichlorophenyl)methyl radicals often show lower quantum yield than their perchlorinated derivatives, likely due to weaker donor-acceptor electronic coupling and enhanced non-radiative decay. A novel trityl derivative is presented with two additional chlorines that restrict the orientation of the donor to a nearly perpendicular arrangement toward the trityl plane, minimizing vibronic coupling and non-radiative losses. Spectroscopic and computational studies reveal that this steric constraint improves the photoluminescence quantum yield compared to the tris(trichlorophenyl)methyl analogs. These findings highlight the potential of donor-acceptor decoupling to enable efficient, redshifted emission, offering a design strategy for high-performance radical emitters.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2025. Vol. 13, no 19, article id 2500296
Keywords [en]
DFT, light emitting radicals, transient absorption spectroscopy, triaryl methyl radicals, TTM
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Research subject
Applied Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-112504DOI: 10.1002/adom.202500296ISI: 001470699000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105005205394OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-112504DiVA, id: diva2:1954210
Funder
German Research Foundation (DFG), 500226157, 445471845, 445471097, 445470598
Note

Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-08-07 (u4);

Full text license: CC BY 4.0;

Funder: State of Baden-Württemberg; German Research Foundation (DFG) (INST40/575-1); 

Available from: 2025-04-24 Created: 2025-04-24 Last updated: 2025-10-21Bibliographically approved

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Busch, Michael

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