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A Machine Learning-Based Framework for Malicious URL Detection in Cybersecurity
Dept. of CSE, Rangamati Science and Technology University, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.
Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Rangamati Science and Technology University, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.
Dept. of CSE, Rangamati Science and Technology University, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.
Dept. of CSE, Rangamati Science and Technology University, Rangamati-4500, Bangladesh.
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2025 (English)In: Proceedings - 2025 8th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies, ICICT 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2025, p. 61-65Conference paper, Published paper (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Malicious URLs represent a significant cybersecurity threat, facilitating malware distribution and data theft. This paper explores a ML-based framework for malicious URL detection, providing a comparative analysis of DL and traditional ML approaches. Eight ML models─LR, SVM, DT, KNN, GNB, RF, XGBoost, and LightGBM─are benchmarked against three DL models: LSTM, BiLSTM, and GRU. The results reveal that traditional ML models, particularly RF, XGBoost, and LightGBM, achieve superior performance with accuracy scores of up to 92%, outperforming DL models, which achieve accuracy rates of 90%, 91%, and 88%, respectively. To further enhance detection performance, a stacking model combining these techniques is proposed, achieving a remarkable accuracy of 99.99%. This research underscores the potential of stacked models to significantly improve malicious URL detection, offering advanced solutions to strengthen cybersecurity frameworks for both individuals and organizations.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. , 2025. p. 61-65
Series
International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies (ICICT), E-ISSN 2769-4542
Keywords [en]
URL Detection, ML, DL, Random Forest
National Category
Computer Sciences Computer Systems
Research subject
Cyber Security
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-114230DOI: 10.1109/ICICT64582.2025.00016Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105010755878OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-114230DiVA, id: diva2:1987904
Conference
8th International Conference on Information and Computer Technologies (ICICT 2025), Hawaii-Hilo, USA, March 14-16, 2025
Note

ISBN for host publication: 979-8-3315-0518-9

Available from: 2025-08-08 Created: 2025-08-08 Last updated: 2025-10-21Bibliographically approved

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Andersson, Karl

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