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Analysis of Independent Control in Tilt-Rotor Quadrotors
Luleå University of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Signals and Systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6750-206X
Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
Electrical Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6115-9889
2026 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, ISSN 1545-5955, E-ISSN 1558-3783, Vol. 23, p. 979-994Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The underactuation of conventional aerial vehicles limits their ability to independently control position and attitude, motivating the use of overactuated designs such as tilt-rotor quadrotors. Existing works on tilt-rotor quadrotors primarily focus on determining the minimum thrust-to-weight ratio required for hovering at arbitrary orientations. However, they do not address the maximum allowable attitude range within which independent control is feasible given specific thrust constraints. In this work, we investigate the feasible attitude range within which a tilt-rotor quadrotor can maintain independent control, given rotor thrust limits. First, we formulate the thrust constraints as convex functions and solve them using convex optimization techniques to identify feasible sets. To determine the maximum attitude that allows for independent control under thrust constraints, we pose a nonconvex optimization problem and employ a successive convex approximation (SCA) technique to compute a optimal solution, which corresponds to the optimal solution of the original nonconvex problem. Given the maximum attitude limits, we then compute the minimum thrust required per rotor to achieve independent control. Furthermore, we determine the maximum allowable disturbance magnitude that the tilt-rotor quadrotor can handle while retaining independent control. The study results are verified through processor-in-the-loop (PIL) simulations and outdoor hardware experiments on a tilt-rotor quadrotor. An illustrative video showing both the PIL simulation and hardware experimental results can be found at: https://youtu.be/6qjc9_KtACM Note to Practitioners—This paper is motivated by the potential application of tilt-quadrotors in inspection, search and rescue, and aerial manipulation, owing to their ability to perform agile maneuvers in confined environments. However, ensuring independent control of both position and attitude across all orientations remains a practical challenge, primarily...

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2026. Vol. 23, p. 979-994
Keywords [en]
Convex optimization, independent control, flight maneuverability, tilt-rotor quadrotor
National Category
Control Engineering
Research subject
Robotics and Artificial Intelligence
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-115992DOI: 10.1109/TASE.2025.3644498ISI: 001662976400025Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105025455489OAI: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-115992DiVA, id: diva2:2029677
Available from: 2026-01-19 Created: 2026-01-19 Last updated: 2026-06-30Bibliographically approved

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Seshasayanan, Sathyanarayanan

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