This study is aimed at investigating the influence of counter surfaces’ topography on tribological behaviour of several carbon-filled polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites in water lubricated contacts. The results of this study showed significant increase in wear rate of pure, graphite and/or multi-walled carbon nanotubes filled PPS composites with increase in mean slope of profile along the sliding direction (Δαy). This is while SCF filled PPS composites exhibited 1–3 orders of magnitude lower wear rate with little dependence on counter surface roughness characteristics. Among the roughness parameters studied, Rpk and lay orientation played a more significant role in friction, and Rpk and Δαy were found to correlate best with the wear rate of the composites not containing SCF in their matrices.